Sociometry: indlela ukucubungula imiphumela. Sociometry: idatha ukucutshungulwa kanye nencazelo Imiphumela

Akungabazeki ukuthi umkhiqizo we ithimba, noma yibaphi abanye abantu bobunye - kuyisihluthulelo kusetjentiswa ngemphumelelo umsebenzi. Lokhu kubalulekile ngisho nalapho nozakwethu abasebenza ngamunye futhi cishe wahlanganyela izinto ngamaqembu. Isibhakabhaka kwenqondo phakathi kwabasebenzi kunomthelela omkhulu kwi yonke inqubo yokusebenza, kanye nobuhlobo sizothinta yi jikelele.

On ukunemba kwawo nokuthi unezinto esingazethemba kwengqondo kungaba phikisana, kodwa kule ndawo njengoba kweqembu, ezicwaningiwe futhi ososayensi sebeyiqonda eningi kakhulu yolwazi nokuhlangenwe nakho. I okungabizi kakhulu, kulula futhi enembile indlela ukuhlaziya iqembu nokuxhumana - a indlela sociometric izilinganiso. Ngalo, isikhundla selungu ngalinye iqembu ohlelweni ubuhlobo ikhomba ezifihliwe kokuhlaziywa enduduzo okunamathiselwe.

indlela umlando

Indlela (Sociometry) yasungulwa futhi lakhiwa American Usosayensi sokusebenza kwengqondo J. L. Moreno. Leli gama ayekhuluma social sciences, ithiyori ezingokwengqondo indlela enokwehla ngoba leli qembu elihlolayo, esiza ukuphenya kanye nokulawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu.

Kuze kube manje, kwabantu, Psychology kwezenhlalo kanye ukwelashwa kwengqondo asetshenziswa ukufunda futhi ukuvumelana of ubudlelwano ekuchumana babehlangana ngamaqembu amancane, inqubo efana sociometry. Indlela ukucubungula Imiphumela - lokhu kuphakama umbuzo ngokuqondene ngodokotela nabaphathi HR. Ukuvula ibhuku novivinyo, ungathola incazelo enemininingwane futhi iziyalezo zendlela futhi yini okufanele uyenze.

Ngesisekelo theory ka le ndlela kwaba isifiso J usosayensi .. L. Moreno ukuchaza zonke izici (kwezomnotho, kwezombusazwe, kanye nokunye.) Ukuphila komuntu kwezenhlalo, usebenza nge imiqondo ezifana ubuhlobo ngokomzwelo phakathi kwabantu, aveze nezinto azithandayo nangazithandi. Isazi-umcwaningi nabafundi wakhe esikisela ukuba isimo eziyinkinga emphakathini zingaxazululwa hhayi isigaba ukusatshalaliswa, futhi ngosizo ukunyakaza kwabantu ngenxa izintandokazi zabo ngokomzwelo. Ngakho, ngeke sociometric revolution ezokwenza ubudlelwano nomphakathi obunobunye.

J .. L. Moreno busuka bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe uyinto ezifana umzimba, futhi bakuthola kubalulekile ngempela. Lo mqondo iyunithi silula ngokomzwelo ukuthi sisuka komunye umuntu, futhi ngaleyo ndlela inquma inani kanye nekhwalithi ubudlelwane obufanele lapho abantu beze.

izici Jikelele sociometry

Ukuze uthole idatha okuthembekile ibalulekile, hhayi kuphela imiphumela sociometry. Okokuqala, udinga ukuqoqa ulwazi kwangaphambilini mayelana leli qembu elihlolayo. Okwesibili, ukulungiselela imibuzo futhi afeze, empeleni, sociometric inhlolovo. Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukuba kuhlatiya nekuhumusha idatha etholwe ngesikhathi inhlolovo. Yiqiniso, le ndlela kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela ezifana observation ukucutshungulwa lezibalo sociometry.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi uyikhumbule ekulungiseleleni imibuzo, wukuthi akufanele kube longeke watibona netintfo longatibona, khomba isiphi isimo sangempela. Sociometry olwenziwa emiphakathini lapho ozakwabo Sekuyisikhathi eside besebenza ndawonye futhi babe ulwazi olwanele mayelana nomunye. izici Temporal - umsebenzi cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Usayizi iqembu lesifundo - abantu 12-15.

Ukubamba iqhaza ocwaningweni sociometric yokuzithandela kuphela. Oku ukuxoxa imithetho yokuziphatha kwezintathu yabantu okwaxoxwa kuya ucwaningo ngokwengqondo. Izimpendulo kuyodingeka athembeke, ngoba iphathelene ohlangothini ngokomzwelo lobudlelwane kuleli qembu. Kuqondane nokuthi ummangalelwa aye nobunzima e ugcwalisa ifomu noma ngabe nhlobo naphendula. Khumbula ukuthi ilungelo lakhe. Kodwa ngisho nalokhu yi kubalulekile njengoba inqubo (sociometry) uthi. Indlela ukucubungula Imiphumela kulesi simo? Ukukhululwa kwe-ingqikithi isivivinyo bese ubamba interview ngabanye naye, ukuqonda isizathu ukwehluleka.

Izici iqembu

Inqubo sociometric amasu akahlukile yimuphi yinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ukuthobela imithetho nemitheshwana kudingeka siqiniseke. isimo Basic - ukusetshenziswa amaphrofayli uqobo, ngokubamba iqhaza olungaziwa ngeke avumele incazelo okwalandela ngemiphumela.

Futhi, kukhona ezinye izidingo ukubunjwa leli qembu elihlolayo. Okokuqala, kuzomele kube imingcele ecacile (abasebenzi yomnyango othize, ithimba nokunye. D.), Futhi okwesibili, isikhathi ukhona kumele okungenani ibe 3 izinyanga, kanye best izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Engalungile uyosingatha ukuhlolwa emva ezinye imikhosi, amaqembu corporate, ngemva kwenye amasonto amabili noma amathathu endaweni iqembu kuyoba imizwa ehambisana ne-umcimbi, futhi lokhu kuzoholela ukuhlanekezela kwe-data inhlolovo.

Futhi kukhona nezimfuneko ezithile kuchwepheshe, ucwaningo sociometric. Akunakusetshenziswa akakwazi ukuba ilungu laleli thimba, kodwa ukuthembela ezingeni leqembu kuye kufanele kube eliphezulu.

Izinqubo cwaningo

inhlolovo Sociometric iqhutshwa ekamelweni elihlukile, lapho zonke izifundo. Umphathi ofunda imiyalelo kanye nemibuzo, futhi abaphendulayo ugcwalise ifomu elifanele. Umbuzo kungaba: "Ubani umeme ukuba lokuzalwa iqembu lakhe, futhi abangafuni ukubona eholidini yakho?" Isihloko ukhetha abathathu zihlanganisa iqembu futhi ezintathu, umthetho munye. Okuhlukile "iyiphi" futhi "zonke" awamukelekile. Ngokukhetha yimiphi abasebenzi, isihloko phambi igama layo uthi, yingakho wakwenza kanye izici umuntu (ngokombono wakhe).

Ingqikithi yalo mbuzo ingase ibe khona ehlukile, into esemqoka - kuyacaca, ocacile kanye ekwakhiweni elula. Umbhalo kufanele luhambisane iqembu engu-abahlanganyeli, izithakazelo zabo kanye nezinga lentuthuko. Nangu inqubo ye ezifana indlela njengoba sociometry. Indlela ukucubungula imiphumela, ungafunda kabanzi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.

Isakhiwo sociometric-matrix

ukuphathwa Usizo sociometry kuhlanganisa matrix ekhethekile, okuyinto ichazwa itafula imiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuba benze isinqumo. On the sobunxele oqotho wenza amagama abasebenzi futhi ncamashi nendawo ukusuka phezulu etafuleni.

Futhi yonke imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nezici ekuhlolweni idluliselwe etafuleni.

Sociogram - inkulumo ecacile idatha sociometric

Yiqiniso, ngaphambi kokuba umphathi akuyona neze into umgomo zezemfundo yembulunga yonke, ngakho alindele isimo sociometric akudingekile. Inhloko kuyoba okwanele ukuba alethe inani jikelele ngokuqhutshwa kwenhlelo zokhetho njalo ukwehluleka inqubo "Sociometry". Indlela ukucubungula Imiphumela usesimweni esinjalo, noma iyiphi sokusebenza kwengqondo uzokutshela. Sociogram - ke ngeso lengqondo imiphumela inhlolovo. Kuyinto elula, ngoba ungabona kwendikimba bonke ubuhlobo kuleli qembu.

isiphetho

Indlela okwethulwa ilula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, akudingi izindleko ezengeziwe yokuhlomula ngokwezezimali noma okunye. It yasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, J .. L. Moreno, futhi kuze kube manje kuthandwa kakhulu kwengqondo nomphakathi.