Sobakevich - ukufaniswa kweqhawe leveli yombhalo "Imiphefumulo Efile"

Lesi sihloko sizohlola izici zomnikazi womhlaba uSobakevich - oyedwa wabalingiswa abakhulu bomsebenzi kaNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol "Imiphefumulo Efile." Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umqondo wale nkondlo wawungumlobi omkhulu u-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, futhi uGogol wagcwalisa isithembiso sakhe phambi kwakhe - wadala lo msebenzi.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akazange agcwalise ngokugcwele umgomo wakhe, njengoba ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe ukudala imiqulu emithathu yenkondlo (ngokufana neHayard, Purgatory nePharadesi), kodwa kuphela owokuqala owafika kumfundi. Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi ivolumu cishe yesibili eseqedile ngokuphelele yabhidliza umbhali ngezizathu ezingaziwa, kanti uGogol wesithathu wayenaso isikhathi sokubhala. Ukuze uthole ukusondela okuncane ekudaluleni izimfihlo ezihlobene nokuphela kwalokhu imisebenzi yomlobi omkhulu, izazi ze-philologists zanamuhla zihlaziya ngokucophelela futhi zihlolisise izithombe zamaqhawe akhe, zakha ukulinganisa kweSobakevich, Korobochka, Manilov, Nozdrev, Plyushkin nezinye izinhlamvu zomsebenzi.

Umlando wokubhala

Kumele ngithi, inkondlo ethi "Imiphefumulo Efile", njengeminye imisebenzi eminingi yomlobi, ingumsebenzi ongafi wokubhala. Ibonisa iqiniso leRussia ngekhulu le-XIX, elibonakala ngosuku lwangomhla. Imisebenzi yezikhulu ezingenalwazi, ukungaboni kahle kweziphathimandla, ukukhathazeka kwabantu abavamile - konke lokho kuboniswa ngokugcwele umbhali emakhasini omsebenzi.

Ngaphezu kokuthi uNikola Vasilyevich unikeza incazelo ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zabantu, uchaza izinto ezingapheli ngokuningiliziwe, okuvumela umfundi ukuba acabange ngokucacile indlela yokuphila yabantu baseRussia ekhulwini le-XIX. Ukudala umbono jikelele wabantu bangaleso sikhathi, izibalo ezibalulekile zenkondlo zivunyelwe: Chichikov, Manilov, Korobochka, Plyushkin, Sobakevich. Izimpawu zeqhawe limelelwa nguGogol ngendlela yokuthi ngamunye wabo unikezwa izici ezijwayelekile zabameleli benkathi, futhi ngabanye, abahluke kwabanye.

Ukutholakala okuthakazelisayo kwababukeli nabacwaningi kwakuyiqiniso lokuthi ukulandelana kokubaluleka kwezinhlamvu ku-inkondlo kaGogol akuyona ingozi, konke kuncike kumyalelo othile. Leli qiniso lisivumela ukuba sisondele ekuqondeni komqondo oyinhloko womsebenzi.

Sobakevich Landowner: Izici zeHero

Umhlaba oshonile wathengisa abanini bezindlu eziningi. Ukunaka okukhethekile phakathi kwabo kufanelwe uSobakevich Mihailo Semenovich. Umbhali uyazi kahle umfundi ngaleli qembu ngaphambi kokuba avele esakhiweni. Okokuqala, uGogol uchaza izimpahla zakhe, njengokungathi ulungiselela umfundi ukuqonda komuntu onzima njengoSobakevich. Izimpawu zeqhawe livezwe ngokucaciswa okuningiliziwe kwedolobhana lakubo, umuzi omkhulu onamakhi aqinile. Indlu kaSobakevich ngokwakhe yayisakhiwo esiqinile futhi yabonakala ingunaphakade. Iziqhingi zabasimizi bezihlukaniswa nekhwalithi yabo nokuthembeka. Kodwa, njengoba uChichikov ephawula, engena emzaneni waseSobakevich, ukuthi umnikazi wezindawo ezingenandaba nokuhlelwa kwezakhiwo, kwakungekho "into engenamsebenzi" engabalulekile kuyo. Ukubukeka kwezakhiwo kwakungafani nokulungiswa, ukwenza okusebenzayo kanye nokusebenza - lokhu kuyisici esiyinhloko kwezakhiwo zomnikazi wezwe uSobakevich.

Izimpawu zeqhawe nazo zingalandelwa ekuchazeni imvelo ezungezile. Umlobi utshela ukuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi lomuzi kwakukhona ihlathi lepine, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi - ihlathi le-birch. Uqhathanisa amahlathi namaphiko enyoni eyodwa, eyodwa kuphela elula, kanti enye imnyama. Ngakho uGogol wenza kucace kumfundi ukuthi uSobakevich, oyinhloko yempahla, unikwe izimfanelo ezihlukile zomuntu siqu.

Ukubonakala komnikazi wendawo

Incazelo emfushane kaSobakevich, ikakhulukazi ukubukeka kwayo kwangaphandle, inikezwa ngumlobi emsebenzini ngokwakhe. U-Gogol uqhathanisa iqhawe nebhebhe lobukhulu obuphakathi, ugcizelela ingubo yakhe yebala elithi "bearish". Ngisho negama, uMikhailo Semyonovich, alikhethiwe ngengozi, lihlotshaniswa ngokuzibandakanya nezilwane ezinamabala aluhlaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umninikhaya uSobakevich wathuthela ngendlela ye-bearish, manje ehlasela izinyawo zomuntu.

Iqhawe linomzimba oshisayo, onamahloni, okungabazeki ukuthi uphinde ubonise ukuqina namandla akhe.

Izici zobuntu

Umbhali uchaza umlingisi weqhawe elimangalisayo. Akaziveleli nje kuphela ngokubukeka, ubuhle, ukuziphatha, kodwa nangendlela yokukhuluma, nangendlela yonke yokuphila kwakhe. Kusukela kumazwi okuqala, i-hero ibhekwa ukuhlangana okuphelele kwemibono nezithakazelo.

Imininingwane ngayinye egumbini likaSobakevich lalifana kakhulu nenkosi yakhe. Emidwebeni elenga endlini yakhe, amaqhawe aseGrisi ayevezwa njengoMikhail Semenovich. Ngokufanayo kuye kwakungu-nut bureau, kanye ne-thrush yombala omnyama ngamachashazi.

Eyethulwa umlobi njengomphathi oqinile, ohlakaniphile uMikhailo Sobakevich. Izimpawu zeqhawe ziveza ukuthi abalimi bakhe baphila ngaphansi komyalo wakhe ngokuzethemba nangokuthula. Futhi amandla akhe emvelo namandla emvelo, aqale ukubukeka njengenhlanhla eqotho, kuyinhlekelele, hhayi iphutha lika hero.

Ukubuka empilweni

I-Sobakevich inenzondo yonke into ehlobene nengokomoya. Ekuqondeni kwakhe, isiko kanye nokukhanyiswa kuyingozi futhi kungenasisekelo. Into esemqoka kuye ukunakekela impilo yakhe siqu kanye nesikhathi esigcwele ngaphansi kwanoma iziphi izimo.

Lapho bexoxa noChikov, iqhawe lethu lizibonakalisa liyisilwane esinezimbambo ezifile, lilungele noma iyiphi imali yokubamba inyamazane. Kulo mqondo ukuthi umbhali unikezela isithunzi seSobakevich. Imiphefumulo efile - yilapho uChikovkov weza kuye, futhi uMihailo Semyonitch wabiza izinto ngamagama azo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba akhathele amacebo. Wayengenamahloni okuhweba nokukhohlisa, eshaya umphefumulo wesifazane u-Elizabeth Sparrow kaChichikov. Ngesikhathi sokuthengiselana, izimfanelo eziyinhloko zomnikazi wezwe uSobakevich zivele. Ukuqondakala kwakhe nokubukhali kwakhe ngezinye izikhathi kunomkhawulo wokunyanyisa, ukukhathazeka nokungazi.

UMihailo Semenovich wabhala uhlu lwazo zonke izilwane zakhe ezifile, ngaphezu kwalokho, watshela ngalowo nalowo - lokho akwenzayo, yiziphi izici ayeziphethe. Ekuboneni kokuqala, kungase kubonakale sengathi uSobakevich ukhathazekile ngabangaphansi kwakhe, ngoba uyazi okuningi ngabo. Kodwa empeleni uqondiswa ukubala okulula - uyabakhathalela ukuthi ubani ohlala ezintweni zakhe, futhi uyazi nokuthi ubani ongamsiza.

Ubuhlobo phakathi kweSobakevich nemvelo yakhe

Umfundi oqaphele uzobona ukuthi yini efana namanye amaqhawe uSobakevich nokuthi uyini umehluko wakhe. Okuyinhloko kakade kukhulunywe ngenhla. Kubalulekile ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi uSobakevich akawamukeli ukuzwakalisa, njengoba kuboniswa ngesifiso sakhe sokuqinisekisa ukuthi abaphansi bakhe baphila kahle, futhi ukugxeka kumnikazi wendawo uPlyushkin, oneminyaka engamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili ubudala, udla njengomalusi. USobakevich ngokwakhe wayemthanda ukudla ngokumnandi. Ubuye uqonde ukuthi ungathola okuningi kusuka epulazini elinamandla elikhulile, ngoba, mhlawumbe, ugcina amawadi akhe amaningi.

Mayelana nezikhulu, umninimzi uyaphendula ngokungabonakali, ebiza ngokuthi "abathengisi bakaKristu" nabangcolisayo. Kodwa lokhu akumvimbeli ekusebenzelaneni nabo nokwenza amadili. Futhi ngokuvamile, akuzange kuvele igama elilodwa lomlomo lapho ekhuluma ngabantu abathandekayo noma abaxhumana nabo.

Iziphetho

Naphezu kokuthi umlobi ushiya uSobakevich ngethuba lokuvuselela, emnikeza izimfanelo eziningi ezinhle, akungabazeki ukuthi umphefumulo womnini wendawo ufile. Yena, njengabanye abaningi, akavumeli izinguquko nxazonke nangaphakathi kwakhe, ngoba kuphela umuntu onomphefumulo ongashintsha.