Ulwazi lwento: incazelo, izinhlobo kanye nezici

Into yenkcazelo ingumqondo ojwayelekile, ongayichaza ngayo izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngazo singasho izinqubo, izenzakalo ezinomzimba noma izinto ezingezona izinto. Cabanga ngolwazi lwezinto ezingenziwa kusukela esimweni sezici zabo ezinhle.

Izici zokuhlukaniswa

Kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kwabo ngezigaba eziningana. Zonke izinto zokwaziswa zihlukaniswa ngokwezinhlobo zezinto ezicatshangelwayo, uhlobo lwesithombe, ubukhona (ukungabikho) komsindo. Ake sihlaziye ezinye zezinto ezinjalo. Ngakho, into elula yolwazi ingacatshangwa njengesithombe, inombolo, umsindo, umbhalo. Izinhlobonhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zibhekene nokuba khona kwe-hypertext, amatafula, yolwazi, i-hypermedia.

Ukudluliswa kolwazi

Noma yiluphi ulwazi lwento luyatholakala ekutholakaleni kolwazi oluthile. Isibonelo, isihlahla sinolwazi lwezofuzo, ukudluliselwa okukuvumela ukuba uthole umuntu omdala ngokusebenzisa isikhala esithile esithile kusuka enzalweni encane. Njengoba umthombo oyinhloko wolwazi kulesimo simo emoyeni. Kuye ngesimo salo, isihlahla sithatha isikhathi sokuhluma, ukubonakala kwamahlamvu aluhlaza. Izinkomo ezihlukene zezinyoni ezifudukayo ziyazi kahle imizila yazo, uma zibaleka kubo zilandela ngokucacile, zingalahleki endleleni ehlosiwe.

Izindlela zokugcina ulwazi

Uma sicabangela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto, siyabona ukuthi abantu bahlale befuna izindlela zokugcina ulwazi oluthile olubalulekile mayelana nento, into. Ubuchopho bunomthwalo wemininingwane ehlukahlukene, isebenzisa izindlela zayo zokudlulisela idatha kwabanye abantu. Isisekelo salokhu singase sibe ikhodi kanambambili, efana namakhompiyutha anamuhla. Ukuze inqubo yokwaziswa isetshenziselwe ukusetshenziselwa injongo yayo ehlosiwe, manje kungenzeka ukhethe izinhlobo eziningana zokudluliselwa kwayo nokugcina isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwememori yayo, kungenzeka ukubeka ulwazi olubalulekile kwimidiya ehlukahlukene yamagnetic.

Izinhlobo zenkcazelo yokufaka ikhodi yokugcina

Noma iyiphi into yokwaziswa ingagcinwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Okulula kakhulu ukubukeka okubonakalayo noma okubonakalayo. Yile ndlela abantu abaqala ngayo ukuzama ukuhambisa ulwazi oluvela ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ngezimo zemvelo, izinto. Kuze kube manje, gcina ezinye zezinto eziqoshiwe zedwala ezenziwe ngabantu abayiminyaka emibili. Bese bashintshwa ngemidwebo, imidwebo, izithombe, imidwebo.

Ukudluliswa komsindo

Ungagcina futhi into yetheknoloji yolwazi ngemisindo. Ezweni emhlabeni wonke, kunemisindo eminingi engagcinwa futhi iphindwe. Ngo-1877, idivayisi ekhethekile yokuqopha umsindo yasungulwa. Njengolwazi lwamazwi alalelwayo, ukukhokhwa komculo kungacatshangwa. Kuhilela ukubethelwa ngokusizwa ngezimpawu ezithile zemisindo, ukudluliselwa kombhalo okwedlule ngokusebenzisa imisindo (ngesimo somculo).

Ithumela umbhalo

Lolu hlobo lokubhala ngezwi lomuntu ngokusebenzisa izimpawu ezikhethekile - izincwadi - ezisetshenziswa abantu abahlukene. Isizwe ngasinye sinalo ulimi lwaso, sisebenzisa izinqola ezithile zamagama (ama-alfabhethi), lapho inkulumo ibonakala khona. Njengomphumela walolu hlobo lwenkomba yokukwaziswa, ukunyathelisa kokuqala kuvele.

Isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sezinto kanye nezici zazo ezweni lanamuhla ukudluliswa kwamanani kolwazi. Njengoba kufika ukuhweba, ukubuyiswa kwemali, umnotho, lolu hlobo lwezinto zolwazi luye lwaba lufanele kakhulu futhi lufunwa.

Izinqubo zamakhodi ezinombolo zingahluka. Phakathi kwezinketho ezivamile namuhla, sibona ulwazi lwevidiyo. Kusho ukulondolozwa kolwazi oluthile ngendlela yezithombe "eziphilayo". Le ndlela yokufaka ikhodi yenzeke kuphela ngemva kokubonakala kwe-movie. Kodwa, naphezu kokuba izinto eziningi zolwazi zingadluliselwa ngandlela-thile kwezinye izizukulwane, ngisho nasekhulwini lethu lobuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zendlela zokugcina ulwazi, ukufaka ikhodi nokusabalalisa azange zakhiwe. Njengesibonelo esibonisa isibonelo, cabanga ngolwazi olubucayi. Kuqondene nokudluliswa kwezimfanelo ze-organoleptic, izinzwa, iphunga, ukuthanda. Izinzwa ezithintekayo azikwazi ukumelelwa kwifomu ekhonjiwe, ungakwazi ukuveza imizwa yakho nemizwelo yakho kuphela. Ngaphambi kokuba kusetshenziswe ugesi, ulwazi olubalulekile lwaludluliselwa emadolobheni amade besebenzisa izibonakaliso zokukhanya ezifakiwe. Khona-ke le nqubo yayisetshenziswe kalula, amagagasi omsakazo ashintsha esikhundleni sezimpawu eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ikhodididi ye-Binary njengendlela yokudlulisa ulwazi

Umdali we-theory, okungukuthi, umsunguli wezokuxhumana zedijithali zanamuhla nguClaude Shannon. Yilabo abaye baqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ikhodi kanambambili ukuze usakaze ulwazi. Emva kokufika kwama-computer (amakhompiyutha), ithuluzi laqala ukuthuthukiswa ngolwazi lokubala. Ngokuthuthukisa amakhompiyutha abo, izinketho zokucubungula, ukuseshwa, ukudlulisa amanani, umsindo, ulwazi olubukwayo lushintshile kakhulu. Namuhla, ulwazi olubalulekile lugcinwe kumateyipu amakhulu noma ama-disks, imidiya yesitoreji esikhiphekayo, ama-discs laser. Njengomthombo okhethekile wolwazi lwanamuhla, sizokhetha ulwazi olutholakala kuyi-intanethi yonke. Ukuthola, ukucubungula, ukugcina ulwazi kulokhu, sebenzisa amasu akhethekile.

Isiphetho

Noma iyiphi into yokwaziswa inezici ezithile zabathengi. Ungenza izenzo ezithile nayo, isibonelo, njengethuluzi lesofthiwe yekhompyutha. Ulwazi oluphakathi kwedijithali lingacatshangwa njengeyunithi yokwaziswa okuzimele (ifolda, ingobo yomlando, ifayela). Ngesicelo esinengqondo nesifike ngesikhathi sezinto ezihlukahlukene zolwazi, umuntu angakha umbono oyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nenqubo yemvelo noma inhlalakahle ekucatshangwayo, kanye nokunquma izindlela zentuthuko elandelayo kanye nesimanje sesimo esihlolisisiwe.