Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich: Biography, lokusungula

Izwe eziningi kangaka labantu abanamakhono. Kodwa ukuze kumuntu oyedwa ukuhlanganisa amakhono amaningana - siyindlala. bomdabu Omkhulu e-Ukraine, sifuna ukukutshela, eyodwa vó labo - generously onesiphiwo nguNkulunkulu. Waziwa ngokuthi imbongi bukhulu, kodwa futhi njengoba umculi.

Emndenini omkhulu

Kukhona umuzana Cherkasy esifundeni Morintsy. Lapha wazalwa Taras Shevchenko (Mashi 9, 1814). Poet wafa 03/10/1861. Kulo nyaka, ukuqedwa serfdom. Futhi Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich ukuthi "ophoqelelwe". Akayibusi yena, impilo yakhe, imisebenzi nokuzilibazisa.

Ubaba - Grigoriy Ivanovich - wayebuye inqaba. Futhi zonke izingane zakhe eziningi. Bona - impahla umninindlu, ogama lakhe lalingu-Vasily Engelhardt. Ngokusebenzisa okhokho zikababa owehla evela T. Zaporizhzhya Cossack Andrew. Futhi umndeni kanina (Catherine Yakimovny) - Prykarpattia kwabokufika.

Nge nosingamama angenamusa

Ngokushesha lo mkhaya uthuthela edolobhaneni Kyrylivka. Lapha Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich wachitha neminyaka yakhe yakudala. Yebo, maduze entabeni lwawela phezu kwabantu bonke babo - umama ushonile. Ubaba washada umfelokazi. Wayenezingane ezintathu bebodwa. yena ikakhulukazi abathandanga Taras. Kulandele ukugcina udade iso umdala Katya - yena wayenomusa amaningi ehlukahlukene, onobubele. Ngokushesha, uRuthe washada washiya umndeni. Futhi eminyakeni emibili nje ngemva kokufa unina noyise ayizange.

Taras waphenduka 12. Ekuqaleni, wayesebenza e-uthisha. Khona-ke wawela abadwebi isithonjana. Baya ngomuzi nomzana ngomzana. Futhi Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich ukudlula ingane imvu. Wakhonza umpristi.

Omunye zwi laba lihle: esikoleni wafunda ukufunda nokubhala. "Bogomazov" esethula kwemfana elula umdwebo imithetho.

Esikhathini indlu yenkosi yakhe

Kodwa nakhu 16 Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich ngaba inceku umninindlu entsha - Paul Engelhardt. Lowo portrait akubhala kamuva - ku 1833. Kuyinto ngaphambi emifanekiso eyaziwa imidwebo Shevchenko. It is eyenziwe isitayela ke imfashini portrait-emincanyana.

Kodwa okokuqala, Taras wakhonza njengephayona Povarenkov. Khona-ke ebona Cossacks. Nokho, kwase kuvele kuqalile umdwebo bese wamthanda.

Ngiyabonga okuyinhloko. Ukubona konke ku serf umfana ukuthi lapho Wilno (manje Vilnius), wathumela Taras ukuba Yanu Rustemu - uthisha eyunivesithi yendawo. Wayephethe portraitist ezinhle. Futhi lapho inkosi yayo kwakucatshangwa kuze kube axazulule enhloko-dolobha, futhi uyinceku abanamakhono yathatha kanye nayo. Thanda, ngeke enginakho uhlobo endlini umdwebi.

Ukuthola epaki

iminyaka engu-22 kwaba Taras. Uma yena wayengemuva Summer Garden futhi Dweba esifanekisweni. Engabulala ingxoxo nge umculi owayeneminyaka Countryman akubo. Kwaba Ivan Soshenko. Waba umngane Taras. Kwaphela isikhathi baze wahlala efulethini elilodwa. Lapho Shevchenko wafa, u-Ivan Maksimovic ephelezelwa lomngcwabo yakhe eya Kaneva.

Ngakho, Soshenko lokhu, izingxoxo nembongi Ukrainian Eugene Combs (okuyinto ngomunye wabokuqala ukuqaphela indlela abanamakhono Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich - umculi), wahola imfundamakhwela ukuba bajwayelane "kwesokudla" abantu. It walethwa Basil Grigorovich. Kwakuwusuku unobhala Academy of Arts. Yena ngokwakhe livela Piryatin, kakhulu nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni yobuciko imfundo e-Ukraine futhi ngazo zonke izindlela kusiza abadwebi imfundamakhwela. Waphinde wenza konke ayengakwenza ukuze ahlenge Shevchenko kusukela serfdom. Nguye imbongi ngosuku ededelwa, wanikezela inkondlo "Haydamaky".

Taras kuphinde kwethulwa inkosi izigcawu uhlobo ekuphileni ongumlimi, uthisha we Petersburg Academy of Arts Alekseem Venetsianovym. Futhi ngisho nge abadumile Karlom Bryullovym, kanye imbongi edumile Vasiliem Zhukovskim. Kwakuyisikhathi elite yangempela.

uzwela Omkhulu savusa kubo, Taras Grigorevich Shevchenko. Umlando wakhe wokudala kwakusanda kuqala.

Kwakubalulekile ukuba ukuqashelwa ithalenta enesimo lokhu Ukrainian oluvelele.

Mahhala ngesikhathi eside!

Zonke kwakuxhomeke inkosi yayo - Engelhardt. Befaka isicelo sokuphikisa isinqumo umqondo lwesintu. Kwakungasizi ngalutho. Sicelosikhalo oyimfihlo Shevchenko ka Karl Bryullov - lokhu academician odumile Umdwebo - kuphela babekhwezela isifiso zomninindawo ukuthola inceku isamba icocekile. Shevchenko bacela noSolwazi Venetsianov yokutholwa senkantolo yasebukhosini! Kodwa ngisho nalokhu eziphakeme akazange uhambise ibhizinisi off emhlabathini. Nge ufakazelwe yilabo abazibiza enkosini waya abalobi ovelele kakhulu. Kwaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya!

Taras abode esigayegayeni. Wayefuna inkululeko. Kuye kuthi lapho sebezwe ukwehluleka esilandelayo, wafika Ivan Soshenko kwemizwelo yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba. Ngisho ezisengozini ukuziphindiselela inkosi yayo ...

Sekuvele kukhona ukwethuka bonke abangane umdwebi. It ngabe akwenzekanga enkingeni ngisho nangokwengeziwe! Banquma enze ngenye indlela. Njengoba sasizazi izimpendulo ukuthenga Engelhardt. Thina wamthembisa imali emangalisayo enkulu serf eyodwa kuphela - ruble 2500!

Futhi lokho avelaphi. Zhukovsky uzungu Bryullov: uyobadonsela isithombe sakhe. manje-ke wagqoka ilotho - ku Anichkov Palace. Wina futhi lokhu kwakuwubufakazi portrait engcono. Ngakho mina unikezwe khulula inqaba oneminyaka engu-24 ubudala Shevchenko. Kwakungenxa 1838

I Taras ungase ukubonga abangane salokhu? Wanikezela Zhukovsky "Catherine" - inkondlo yakhe izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu.

Ngawo lowo nyaka - Ukwemukelwa Academy of Arts. Shevchenko baba futhi umfundi futhi engumngane oqotho noKarla Bryullova.

Ukuthi le minyaka - elikhanyayo kakhulu, ukuphila ngijabulele Kobzar. Egibele amahhashi, njengoba besho, wahlala Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich. lokusungula yakhe buthola amandla amaningi.

Leli dolobha lake lachuma hhayi ubuciko kuphela, kodwa futhi isipho senkondlo. Eminyakeni emibili nje kamuva (ngemva kokukhululwa kwakhe serfdom) ngabona ukukhanya "Kobzar". Ngo-1842 - "Haydamaky". Futhi lo mdwebo "Catherine" yadalwa ngawo lowo nyaka. It yaziwa abaningi. Umculi wabhala ngokusekelwe inkondlo yakhe siqu eponymous.

Abagxeki Petersburg ngisho eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini Belinsky, hhayi kuphela abaqondi, kodwa futhi ngqo wagxeka izincwadi Ukraine lonke. Umlimi yangaphambili ikakhulukazi wagxeka. Uhleka usulu ngisho ulimi ebhala Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich. izinkondlo zakhe babone provincialism kuphela.

Kodwa-Ukraine ngokwayo kahle futhi saziswa, futhi wamukela imbongi. Waba umprofethi yayo.

Esekudingisweni okude

Kwafika 1845-1846 biennium. Efika eduze uCyril noMethodius. Kwakumelwe intsha abanesithakazelo ekuthuthukiseni izizwe Slavic. Ikakhulukazi Ukraine.

Eziyishumi kusukela circle aboshelwe amacala ukuthi wadala inhlangano Politi. Futhi Shevchenko ubelokhu eqashelwa njengoba icala. Nakuba abaphenyi zehlulekile ukufakazela ngokucacile ubuhlobo baso uCyril mefodievtsami. NaYe "ukuhlukumeza" enjoin yini yakhiwa izinkondlo "embi" kokuqukethwe. Yebo, ngisho ngolimi Little Russian. Nokho, elifanayo Belinsky abadumile wayekholelwa ukuthi "got" yona inkondlo yakhe "Dream". Ngoba - i ukubhinqa esobala inkosi nendlovukazi.

Ngenxa yalokho, Taras oneminyaka engu-33 ubudala uphuthunyiswe futhi bavume ukubuthwa. Wathunyelwa yangasese Orenburg esifundeni. Ukuze lapho okuhlanganisiwe ngosiko Kazakhstan. Kodwa into embi kwaba ukuthi nesosha kwakubhekwa nhlobo ukubhala lutho futhi ukudweba.

Wathumela incwadi ukuze Gogol, naye akazange mathupha. Zhukovsky wathumela imvilophi. Nge isicelo ayokwenza isihe wedwa ngoba - imvume ukupenda. Fussed phezu kwakhe nabanye abantu abaningi abavelele. Kwaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya. Lokhu kuvinjelwa hhayi isuswe.

Khona-ke Shevchenko wasiphakamisa yokumodela, ukuzama ngandlela-thile ukukhombisa ubunjalo babo zokudala. izincwadi eziningana zilotshwé - ngesiRashiya. Lokhu, isibonelo, "Inkosazana", kanye "The Artist" kanye "Twins". Ziyakwazi eziningi imininingwane kusuka yomlando wakhe siqu.

Imbongi wabuyela Petersburg ngo-1857 wonkana shí izinkondlo in umdwebo. Ngisho umndeni ungathanda ukuba, kodwa ayizange.

Ngathatha kwakusahlala kube incwadi yesikole - abantu. Futhi-Ukrainian, yebo, limi.

Petersburg, wayesefa. Ekuqaleni, wembelwa emathuneni endawo. Ngemva kwezinyangana, ngokwentando imbongi, wathutha lomngcwabo nge umlotha walo e-Ukraine. Futhi Ungcwatshwe Dnieper - ku Chernecha entabeni. Luseduze Kanev. Wayeneminyaka engu-47 kuphela ubudala.

Ayikho lesikhumbuzo Kobzar wayengekho Empire Russian. perpetuation kwayo abantu abaningi. wamlandela inguquko ka 1917. Ngaphandle kwezwe, amatshe ezikhumbuzo umuntu oluvelele esungulwe ayehlakazekele Ukraine.

Lapho ngo-2014 wagubha iminyaka engu-200th lokuzalwa kwakhe, lwabalwa zonke izikhumbuzo kanye nezinye izinto, ogama lakhe behlonipha yakhe. Bavele 1060 emazweni 32. Futhi emazweni ahlukahlukene.