"Severodvinsk 'ngwenya. Russian ngwenya yenuzi esisetshenziselwa

Navy Russia kakhulu ukukholelwa ngaphandle yesimanje zobuchwepheshe ukulwa ngwenya. Omunye abameleli bhá womndeni ngwenya yenuzi kubhekwa ngwenya "Severodvinsk" - brainchild of "Sevmash". Julayi 28, 2014-ngwenya ushiye kwamabhizinisi yomshini ekwakheni eyinkimbinkimbi ukuzivikela kwedolobha Severodvinsk waqhubeka ukulwa umsebenzi amanzi White Sea.

INtshonalanga nabezindaba mayelana isimangaliso kwamanzi Russia

ngwenya Russian "Severodvinsk" ngo-2014, wadala furor esisentshonalanga ochwepheshe ezempi imvelo. IsiZulu ukuphrinta edition-Sunday Times yazisa: "Lo West asaba esilwane ekujuleni." Ngokusho izintatheli, isilwane - hhayi ukuthi abanye, njengoba isakhiwo esisha Russian - multi-purpose ngwenya yenuzi-powered "Severodvinsk". Ochwepheshe abaningi imibuzo wuphiko ncwadi, waphawula ukuthi ngemva wafika njengengxenye Navy, Russia waphula abaholi bezwe kwezobuchwepheshe kwamanzi. Submarine "Severodvinsk" - iyona umkhumbi eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa project 885 "Ash", enkonzweni esesikhundleni 8 iziqhumane jikelele, ehlalisa angafika ku-32 cruise ezicitshwayo. Kuye esigabeni yezikhali ezicitshwayo ngwenya "Severodvinsk" angabhubhisa kwamanzi futhi ogwini Okuqondiwe nge uhla sextant eziningana amashumi ezinkulungwane amakhilomitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, submersibles eziyishumi ngeke ngilwe nesikhulu imikhumbi isitha.

Indaba eyodwa ngwenya

Northern Fleet we Navy Russian eseke izandla zabo phezu ukuthuthukiswa entsha yenuzi-powered ka Generation IV. Ithebhu yokuqala wempi alesi sigaba lwenziwe phezu ibhizinisi umshini-ukwakha "Sevmash" e Severodvinsk Disemba 21, 1993. Ngaleso sikhathi isimo sezomnotho ezweni ayivunyelwe ukuqala ukwakhiwa ngokugcwele wenkundla lempi. Ezinye izinqubo yokukhiqiza ngenxa kwezimali kwakudingeka ayeke. Grand izixazululo izakhiwo, ukwakhiwa ngwenya adinga ukugunyazwa ezithile kanye izibuyekezo. Ngo-2009, lo msebenzi lolwandle ukuthayipha pool "Malachite" edolobheni Petersburg lithole imvume yokugcina futhi sathathwa ngaphansi kokulawula siqu umongameli wesithathu Russian Federation D. A. Medvedevym. Kwaphela iminyaka emihlanu, kusukela 2009 kuya ku-2014, umkhumbi-ngwenya "Severodvinsk" owawuse futhi lonke inqubo ukukhiqizwa umjikelezo. Ngo-November 2013 waba ingane yokutholwa nokulingwa ulwandle nguMbuso iKhomishana eMnyango Wezokuvikela, futhi-June 17, 2014 ku ukulwa ngwenya ukuthi ngokwesiko nawo banner St. Andrew. Submarine Naval Base 10th Division komuzi Northern Fleet Zaozersk got a ngwenya emisha esisetshenziselwa zenuzi.

izici kwezobuchwepheshe we silo kwamanzi

Inzuzo enkulu Russian Premier League - kuba okuxubile ukwakhiwa uhlelo ukuthi kunciphisa umsindo futhi kwenza isikebhe cishe ezingabonakali, ngakho invulnerable. Ngokwemvelo, zonke izici Tactical futhi technical yephrojekthi 885 aphethwe ukuqiniseka eqinile. Ebhekisela amazwi umthombo amasevisi ukukhalipha, i-Sunday Times wathi ukuthi livela okokuqala ekukhanyeni ngwenya zakamuva K 560 "Severodvinsk" bakhathazekile-United States. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Phela, sibonga imfihlo iphrojekthi, akekho owaziyo kwesigamu lokho kungaba abagibele ngwenya yenuzi 'Severodvinsk ". Nakuba ochwepheshe ezempi kuphela ongabona ukuqagela okuyinto endaweni olwandle emhlabeni, mkhumbi wempi uzongena komsebenzi ukulwa.

izici Technical we ngwenya yenuzi

Yiziphi izici lobuchwepheshe lokhu mkhumbi omkhulu ngaphansi kwamanzi?

I ngwenya "Severodvinsk" - isikhungo ezempi, okuyinto behlome ngemibese cruise ezicitshwayo futhi amasu. Injongo nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa kwezikhali ukulwa - ukunqotshwa amaqembu yenethiwekhi impi futhi ngwenya isitha ezingaba khona. Ezinye Ukucaciswa:

• ubude obukhulu 120 m;
• ububanzi Maximum - 14 m;
• ukuphakama esiphezulu - 10 m;
• amandla enuzi ngokuhlakaza Kulungile-650V kuyinto 190 MW;
• ukufuduka - amathani 13.800;
• isivinini indawo - 16 ifindo;
• isivinini diving - 31 ifindo;
• ukuzimela ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi - izinsuku 100;
• umkhumbi siqukethe izisebenzi ezingu-90.

Beka umkhawulo we ngwenya ukujula uma diving kuyinto 600 metres.

Ukulwa "ukugcwaliswa" ngwenya

On the "Severodvinsk" is ayehlome ngezibhamu:

• 10 torpedo apparatuses (533 kanye 650 mm);
• 32 leSupersonic cruise umkhumbi ezicitshwayo P-800 "Onyx";
• ezinamaphiko X-101 ezicitshwayo amasu;
• cruise kweminsalo, umhlaba ekubhujisweni ZM-14E.

Indawo torpedo - hhayi ngomnsalo esikebheni, futhi egumbini ngoba isiteshi esiyinhloko esilawula. Ngenxa yalesi yokuthuthukisa antenna sonar uhlelo "i-Ajax 'etholakala kuleli gumbi engangikulo phambili ngaphandle komkhumbi.

Missile ukufakwa eyinkimbinkimbi P-800 "Onyx"

ngwenya Modern Russian ezizukulwane ezine anemisila esinamandla antiship missile P-800 "Onyx" eziyinkimbinkimbi. It yakhelwe ukuze ashaye izikhali Reutov "NPO Machine Isakhiwo", umklami abakhulu umnyango G. Efremov. Ngokokuqala ngqá, "Onyx" RCC waqala ukuba athuthukiswe in the 80s. Ngokungafani ababengaphambi Soviet, izinhlelo zanamuhla emhlabeni evumelekile ukusetshenziswa kabanzi: isiqalo elenziwe ngaphezulu imikhumbi ogwini ukufaka, ngwenya, kanye izindiza. Ngo-1987 kwathiwa eyenziwa uphonsa kwethulwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngemva kokuba kwenziwe ukuhlola isimo ngo-2002 rocket isiqalisi kwavunyelwana ku ukulwa izingalo Navy we Russian Federation.

Sonar uhlelo "i-Ajax '

Ngokokuqala ngqá Northern waseRussia Fleet, sibonga ngwenya multi-purpose "Severodvinsk", ngikutholile izandla zabo phezu "Ajax" i jikelele eyindilinga sonar uhlelo. Zokufaka isakhiwo Uhlelo ezenziwe ngensimbi AK-32. Lokhu kuhlinzwa austenitic nge namandla isivuno 100 kg / mm².

Izinzuzo phezu izimbangi

bokuphakama Technical yalolu hlobo ngwenya simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• ezingeni lelisetulu ezishintshayo;
• telemetry periscopic MTC-115-2, oveza i ebusweni Uhlolojikelele ngesikhathi ukucwiliswa 50 m ukujula;
• Wedwa kushaft bendiza we motor;
• uhlelo esinobunye i kuhlasela sokuhlasela zasolwandle nezwe ezisekelwe isitha Okuqondiwe;
• uhlelo olinganiselayo enamandla ukushaqeka izikhali;
• anhlobonhlobo ekujuleni ukusebenza.

Zonke lezi zici design ukushiya izimbangi zabo kude ngemuva. Lokhu ubuhle lobuchwepheshe kuyinzuzo enkulu, ikakhulukazi empini.

izindleko zalo msebenzi nokuthuthukiswa amathemba

Baziswa ngokomthetho intengo Russian Premier League kuyinto ruble 47 bhiliyoni, okuyinto izikhathi 2 ephakeme ukwedlula izindleko zalo msebenzi 955 missile yenuzi 'Northwind ". "Ash" amaphrojekthi eziyisithupha ukuthi iphume esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi lo Military Imfundiso ye Russian Federation okuhloswe ngazo imikhumbi ngwenya of multi-purpose ngwenya yenuzi.

Test wokutakula capsule

Ngokokuqala ngqá emlandweni we ngwenya Russian "Severodvinsk" waba nengxenye-pop-up umsebenzi test system wokutakula ekamelweni. At 40 metres ukujula eBay of Zapadnaya Litsa ngwenya yenuzi kulingisa isikhundla esinqunyiwe phansi ngokwemibandela eziphuthumayo ngwenya. Ngokusho kochwepheshe futhi test ithimba ahlanganyela kulo umsebenzi ngoba crew bashiye, lokhu ikhamera kungaba iyisibusiso yangempela ukusindisa amatilosi ngwenya "eKursk".

Ikusasa Russian ngwenya imikhumbi

Imiphumela imininingwane ye ngamazwe ukuhweba ngezikhali isikhungo bathi olwandle namuhla 450 ukulwa ngwenya amakilasi ahlukahlukene. I isabelo Navy Russian for amayunithi 60, okungukuthi, cishe zonke isikebhe lwesikhombisa - Russian. Phakathi kule nombolo ukulwa izikhali 10 ngwenya yenuzi kwenjongo ezazibalulekile empini, kanti bonke abanye bavela e-diesel-powered, multi-purpose kanye-injongo ekhethekile izikebhe. Ngokusho kochwepheshe ezempi, ngo-2020, yonke "ubudala" ngwenya iphrojekthi 971 kanye 949 uzobe olwesimanje futhi ifakwe yesimanje ukulwa izinhlelo, njengoba ngwenya yenuzi 'Severodvinsk ". Lokho, isimiso, ngempela okunengqondo. Kuze kube manje, Russian ngwenya imikhumbi wathola ngwenya enuzi kwesizukulwane sesine. Ngokungafani yempi sangaphambilini ukuthi has inqwaba izikhali ukubekwa. Zonke izenzakalo best rocket ephezulu ububanzi ababebuthene lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi kwamanzi. Submarine "Severodvinsk" isikebhe ifakwe izinzwa yesimanje electronic, bakghone ukuphendula noma yikuphi ukunyakaza imishini isitha amashumi ezinkulungwane amakhilomitha. The main Tactical "Severodvinsk" umsebenzi kuyoba ewaphelezela nozime amasu ukulwa esetshenziswa emikhunjini yezempi.

I izici lobuchwepheshe ngwenya yenuzi 'Severodvinsk "akuyona wawungaphansi onobuhle American futhi waseBrithani, kanye ngezindlela eziningi uyisilwane. Lesi sikebhe esingamathani ifakwe i esikhungweni samandla enuzi izakhiwo eziphambili kanye nokuxhumana zakamuva kanye navigation.

Umlando omncane

Ngo-June 1933, iSoviet Union Northern weqembu lemikhumbi kwamiswa. Kusukela kulo mzuzwana iqala umlando lasolwandle imingcele esenyakatho Russian Federation. Kusukela ngoMeyi 1937 North Sea imikhumbi uqambe Northern Fleet we Navy Russian. Abasebenzi ubuholi impi itholakala Severomorsk. Umlawuli lokuqala imikhumbi useqokwe Vice-Admiral Konstantin Ivanovich Dushenov. Mhlaka-24 Juni 2011 induna Northern waseRussia Fleet, Admiral uVladimir Korolev kunikezelwe. Kuze kube yimanje, enyakatho enkanjini sea imingcele akhawunti missile futhi torpedo ngwenya, anti-ngwenya izindiza kanye abathwali izindiza. I Flagship North Sea Fleet missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ubhekwa "Potr Veliky". Kumila eyinhloko ngoxhaxha ku Severomorsk, Zaozersk, Gadzhiyevo futhi Polar.

Ukwakheka ngwenya yenuzi yeNyakatho Fleet

On ukulwa izingalo Northern Fleet, ngaphandle ngwenya "Severodvinsk", kukhona amayunithi eyisishiyagalombili ngaphezulu yesimanje ngwenya yenuzi combat-ngomumo:

1. TK-208 "Dmitry Donskoy". Lena omkhulu amasu kwamanzi missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu System 941 "Shark", okuyinto siqala eziningi ukulwa ngwenya imikhumbi e-June 1982. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, umkhumbi ekhuliswe eBhodini Ukuhlonishwa Navy futhi eMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-USSR. Ekuqaleni 2015 ngwenya ungaphakathi ukulwa ukulungela egcwele.
2. ngwenya Heavy TK-17 "Arkhangelsk" uhlelo design 941 "akula". Lo mkhumbi imikhumbi ngo-February 1988. Ngo-2004, abagibele "Ingelosi Eyinhloko" wavakashela uMongameli V. Putin. Kuze kube manje, umkhumbi-ngwenya i uku Navy Reserve. Ngo-2018 i-Navy Russian ihlele bachithe isosha Russian ngwenya imikhumbi.
3. "Petrozavodsk" isikebhe zenuzi. Uhlelo yakhelwe 671RTMK "Pike", thatha imali esele ku-Mashi 1989. Amatilosi "Petrozavodsk" wayebhekwa njengoba the best in the Northern Fleet. winner Multiple Cups Navy Commander we torpedo anti-ngwenya ukuqeqeshwa. NS "Petrozavodsk" bahlanganyela ukuthwetshulwa documentary "ukujula Russian."
4. Imikhumbi Russian ngoDisemba 1989 wajoyina imikhumbi-ngwenya "Voronezh" - winner emithathu isikhathi Cup of the Civil Code of Russian Navy missile labadubuli at Iminako yezinto zezemfundo. Ngemva ekukhishweni amaningi combat ohambweni esikhathini esiseduze futhi akude nolwandle imingcele iye ngokuphindaphindiwe lalungiswa. Kusukela ngomhla ka-2014 kuba ngokugcwele ukulwa ukulungela eNorthern Fleet.
5. Submarine "Severstal" - iqhaza missile impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu yentuthuko project 941 "akula". Kusukela ngoFebhuwari ngowe-1990, kuba umugqa yesevisi neNyakatho Fleet yeRussia. Ngo-September 2001, umkhumbi-ngwenya nengxenye izulazula kwezindlu zephalamende zombili kule ndawo nolokubhujiswa ngwenya yenuzi 'eKursk ".
6. Ngo-February 1991, umkhumbi-ngwenya B-138 "Obninsk" saqala ukuvela njengengxenye Navy. Medalist of Russian Navy Commander lweqembu kuhlasela yempi. Phakathi neminyaka engu-23 enkonzweni yezempi eziyishumi. Ngo-December 2014 usethule missile cruise oLwandle uBarents.
7. K-410 "Smolensk" (ngoxhaxha nge 14 ku-Mashi 1991), - zenuzi ngwenya iphrojekthi 949A "Antey". Ngo-December 1992, waba owawina the Civil Code of the Navy Russian ngoba missile kokudubula uhla olude. Ngo-2014, wahlanganyela wangisiza isikebhe "uBarents" e White Sea.
8. ngwenya yenuzi K-266 "Lokhozi" 949A iphrojekthi "Antey". Ngo-February 5, 1993 iyona isitsha kwamanzi ukuba zijoyine we Navy ngwenya. Prizewinner we Navy Commander komlilo rocket emigomweni zasolwandle. Ilungu le mikhumbi phezu Navy Day umbukiso e Severomorsk. Esikebheni kwakuneqembu ngwenya olwenziwa ukuqeqeshwa Sekujutshwe ithimba ngezenzo ukuqeqeshwa ku ngwenya yenuzi 'eKursk ". Ekuqaleni Apreli 2015 kuya Premier League, "Lokhozi" kwaba umlilo gumbi lesishiyagalolunye.

ngwenya Russian - ukuqhosha amandla isimo, badinga ukuthuthukisa kanye nesimanje.