Self ezinezinjini wezikhali iyunithi "Tulip": izici nesithombe

Cabangela lokho isisebenzi destructional wezikhali uhlelo High Command Reserve, esingeyena ukufana ngqo kunoma iyiphi impi emhlabeni.

izimbangela

Experience neMpi Yezwe II waqinisekisa isidingo esikhulu-osezingeni wezikhali, enamandla okubhubhisa izinqaba. Kodwa-ke kwaba sobala ukuthi leyo wezikhali esindayo amasampula ubudala abakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo lokulwa lanamuhla ashukumisayo. Ngakho-ke, ngisho phakathi nempi, ngomnyaka wamashumi amane nane, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange wanikeza umsebenzi ukuthuthukisa esigqulweni 240-milimitha Kolomna Design Bureau.

Umkhiqizo lithole Inkomba M-240 futhi wangenela inkonzo nge ibutho laseSoviet ngo-1950. Ngokungafani osezingeni izigqulo ezincane, ishaja 130-kg ephezulu alufakwa kwehlukana okwami. Ububanzi lomlilo amakhilomitha ayisishiyagalombili kude. Nokho, uhlobo izigqulo towed lokhu osezingeni ngoba enkathini yesimanje ka ibutho laseSoviet crisis Caribbean waqala ukumela akusebenzi. Self ezinezinjini wezikhali iyunithi "Tulip" wenza umsebenzi omusha Abaklami we Ural Ezokuthutha Machine-Isakhiwo Plant.

platform

Ural iyona integrator uhlelo yephrojekthi, ukusebenza ngokubambisana neNhlangano izimboni eziningi kanye nomklamo bureau wase-USSR. Wona uhlelo wezikhali, kwakufanele ukufakwa chassis ayo, wadala ku Permian "MZ". It ekuqaleni kufanele ukusebenzisa Chassis SU-100, okwakubekelwa ukukhwezwa wezikhali iyunithi. "Tulip" osindayo isiteji enjalo, futhi ayiqondakali kubekezelelwe shot omkhulu aphume.

Urals kwadingeka ukuba zisishintshe ngokuphelele isimo yesikhulumi sokuqala, ukudala imoto cishe entsha. Kodwa ezingeni elifanayo wokwakha ubunye, eyayintula iyunithi self ezinezinjini "Tulip", usezuze ayisishiyagalombili angu isihlobo kumila base ezokuthutha. Ukunyakaza kwabantu noma izithunzi imiphumela umshini e injini diesel ukalwe nganoma 520 amahhashi, siwuvumele ukuhlakaza kuze kube amakhilomitha ayisithupha ngehora. Esikhathini umnsalo sikebhe ngenhla umlawuli umsebenzi endaweni ukukhwezwa ujikelezisa turret, ifakwe 7.62-mm machine gun.

Amatilosi kanye ukubala

Amatilosi wemoto ukulwa abantu abahlanu, okuyinto ebonisa isimo sengqondo sina lonjiniyela kuya imishini yenqubo belungiselela siqhumisa izibhamu osezingeni enkulu kangaka. Ukubeka "Tulip" ngesikhathi esifanayo kusivumela ukuthutha wonke ukubala neziNhlamvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho kumlawuli isibhamu kanye nomshayeli, ubekwe ekhaleni gumbi umshini, athwala opharetha ezimbili kanye umdubuli kambayimbayi, okuyinto zitholakala ekulweni gumbi engangikulo. Esikhathini isikhundla ezokuthutha hlala izihlalo eduze ngomshini ukulwa iphakethe izinhlamvu transportable. Lapho zokuphaka uhlelo sokulungiselela ukuvulwa zezisebenzi umlilo ezibekwe ngokuvumelana ukulwa schedule.

240-mm nosimende

Eklanyelwe okusekelwe isipiliyoni sendalo kanye nomsebenzi we-nosimende towed M-240, isistimu entsha imoto wathola Inkomba 2B8. Ekuqaleni kwathiwa Kusolwa kokudubula ngokuqondile chassis imoto. Nokho esesabekayo ukufinyela amandla elingamathani angaba ngu-engamakhulu ayisihlanu, shot shock wave, asebeke bangenza ngathatheka ukukhwezwa fuel amathangi, waphoqeleka ukulahla lesi sinqumo. Lamukela Umbono Ka-layout esishintshile ukufakwa "Tulip" has izikhundla ezimbili. Esikhathini nodaka zokuhamba phezu abakhasi, futhi impi engemuva yomkhumbi yayo, kwi ngokuhambisa base ipuleti, oportoy phansi.

amathuluzi Ukuhumusha kusuka omasha azithole esesikhundleni labadubuli uhlelo wokubacindezela. Amandla nosimende Kwenziwa ngaphakathi boeukladki ezikhanyisayo ingaqukatha ephezulu alufakwa imizuzu kuze kufinyelele amabili eziyishumi noma asebenzayo-esisheshayo.

labadubuli

Ngaphambi kokuvula umshini umlilo lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi isikhundla zokuhamba eziya labadubuli. Ukubeka "Tulip" esebenzisa wokubacindezela actuators nosimende Ufaka ngemuva ngemuva umshini, ngiyibeke phezu ipuleti isizinda.

Iyalayisha nosimende zenziwa ngokuqondile zivela imishini boeukladki noma inhlabathi. Nge ukulayisha isiqu boeukladki uphendulela degrees ayisishiyagalolunye, opharetha ubeka icala kusukela breech umgqomo, ngemva kwalokho nosimende uyaphinda esimweni eduze mpo. Ekubaleni nezinhlamvu emhlabathini indophi lingasetshenziswa ukusetha 130- 250-kilogram imiz. Ngemva ukushaja isikhali eyenga ngesandla e-engeli ovundlile. Kuhloswe yenziwa ngokuqondile uhlelo wokubacindezela. Izinga eliphezulu imishini ye eqhubeka efeza ukuze silwe ukulungela, ukushaja nesiqondiso kungenzeka ukuba ufinyelele izinga esivelele umlilo osezingeni isibhamu sika. Ukubeka "Tulip" uyakwazi kokudubula ngesilinganiso eyodwa shot ngomzuzu.

Combat amakhono kanye nezinhlamvu

I ukulwa nasekuphumeleleni kweluhlelo inikeza kakhulu ukuhamba, ongumcwaningi, ukunemba kanye uhla izinhlamvu esetshenziswa. Ngesisekelo izinhlamvu kukhona ezimayini ephezulu alufakwa nesisindo ayikhulu namashumi amathathu ngamakhilogremu, okungase nomlilo ibanga amakhilomitha engaze ibe yishumi. Futhi ku arsenal kuyinto projectile rocket-basiza, ivumela Okuqondiwe yesiteleka at ibanga amakhilomitha amabili. Amandla wonke la macala nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu. Izishiya emgodini amamitha ayishumi engaba futhi aphakame cishe ayisithupha ukujula. Ngisho esindayo izinqaba uhlobo ayikwazi okumelana nalo.

Rocket isiqalisi "Tulip" (izithombe kungabonwa esihlokweni) ingasetshenziswa njengendlela ephezulu ukucacisa izikhali lapho kokudubula imicibisholo evuthayo wayeqondiswa "daredevil." Basuke esibangelwa kubonakala laser ugongolo okukhanyisa izinjongo bese unika amandla isicelo punches a amakhilomitha emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ukujula. Ukuze bahlanganyele nezisebenzi futhi endaweni Okuqondiwe kungenziwa cluster kanye nezinhlamvu incendiary esetshenziswa. Napalm ukufakwa icala 2S4 "Tulip" ihlanganisa eyodwa ehektheleni ndawo, iguqulwe ibe echibini okuqhubekayo lomlilo. Ngaphandle yendabuko imishini "Tulip" zingasebenzisa amandla futhi zenuzi ezimbili kilotons of TNT.

Isitatimende izikhali kanye ukukhiqizwa serial

Soviet Army nosimende yenethiwekhi 2S4 wajoyina ngo-1971, esikhundleni imodeli towed isampula ngo-1955. Eighties maphakathi Waqhubeka nesimanje, ukwandisa ukulwa libe nezici. Imikhiqizo Production kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-1988, futhi cishe izikhathi eziphindwe kasithupha izimoto zavezwa phakathi naso sonke isikhathi ukukhululwa. ESoviet Union esebeké eziningi izigqulo "Tulip" e-Iraq, eCzechoslovakia. Ekuqaleni amasampula amabili senkulungwane eziningana bathunyelwa Libya ku isivumelwano ubuholi Russian.

Ukusetshenziswa empini yase-USSR

Nosimende 2S4 ukufakwa lidlule ubhapathizo lokuqala umlilo e-Afghanistan njengengxenye akuxhomekile elilinganiselwe amasosha aseSoviet. Kulinganiselwa wezazi, ekulweni endaweni iqhaza ukuze namashumi amabili izikhali. Kukhokonke, uye waphumelela kakhulu izimo enzima yempi. Highlands kakhulu inkimbinkimbi ukusetshenziswa wezikhali kokudubula umlilo eqondile howitzers. Aviation, kakhulu, akakwazanga njalo ushaye at imizana ebiyelweyo elise entabeni emihumeni noma emithambekeni. Ukubeka "Tulip" kwabonisa nekusebenta eliphakeme, wabhubhisa izikhundla isitha Gxila kokukodwa noma okubili isibhamu, kungakhathaliseki ngendlela embi ayephathwa ifakwe.

Asetshenziswa zanamuhla

Experience in ukusetshenziswa izigqulo e Afghanistan Ukugunda ngesikhathi crackdown indlela okwakheke ngayo amaphekula futhi isigebengu e Chechnya. izimo ezifanayo beqhuba izimpi bavunyelwe ngokushesha uthole indlela efanele ukubhubhisa izikhundla entabeni abashokobezi. Ngaphezu lokulwa emkhakheni self ezinezinjini nosimende isitshalo "Tulip" lalisetshenziselwa lokushaya zokuhlala. Ubethula eyenziwa we labadubuli ebiyelweyo bunkers izigcwelegcwele ngesikhathi ukulungiswa Storming ka Grozny.

Ngeshwa, ukulwa uhlelo biography 2S4 "Tulip" kuhlanganisa iziqephu iqhaza empini yombango e-Ukraine. Ngokokuqala ngqá ke isicelo amabutho siqotho Kiev umbuso, ngesikhathi Semyonovka lokushaya ngo 2014. Exoticism futhi kuvamile nokuba yalolu hlobo isikhali kubangelwa ukuthi wentaba ayaziwangwa ngokushesha futhi kubange eshubile mayelana isikhali, okungase kubangele umonakalo ezidlula ezinjalo. Imibono bayichezukisa ukukholelwa ukuthi wentaba kwesokunxele Tactical missile ballistic. Nokho, wasebenza, "Tulip".