Sama-amaphayona. A sithembiso esiqotho sokuzinikezela ukuphayona. UVladimir Lenin Zonke-Union Pioneer Inhlangano

"Zilungiselele!" Futhi impendulo - "! Njalo ukulungele" - lawamazwi kubantu asebekhulile, ebuntwaneni owawusedolobheni eSoviet Union, ajwayelekile futhi kuyaqondakala. Kuyinto kanjalo inguqulo mfushane kwakuzwakala amaphayona Isiqubulo.

Indlela Bonke baqala

Isisekelo kumiswa maphayona ekhona kakade Russia ukunyakaza isithunywa, kwakheka phambi inguquko (1917), ngenhloso okwakufanele ubusha bazo kanye nemfundo yezakhamuzi uyakufanelekela futhi enesibopho hlanganani.

Inethiwekhi izinhlangano zezingane kwadingeka cishe 50,000 Scouts. Phakathi Yombango, baqamba "intsha abezempi" amayunithi, okwasiza ukucinga izingane emgwaqweni. Scouts futhi enikeziwe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba usizo labantu.

In parallel isithunywa bendabuko kuleli zwe ohlangothini olusha: "JC" (Young amaKhomanisi) - Scouts ababefuna sihlanganise ngesisekelo ukunyakaza imfundiso lamaKhomanisi. Nokho, imfundo entsha intsha - Komsomol - uyakubona abaphikisi scouting, wanquma ayibulale. Ngesikhathi Congress of i-Komsomol (1919) "JC" wabekwa icala ngo yokuthi umbuzo imfundo lamaKhomanisi zabantwana bakwa zingabantu efanelekayo ngokusemthethweni kuphela, kodwa eqinisweni bagqugquzele "wonxiwankulu isithunywa." Ngenxa yalokho, kwanqunywa ukuba lihlakazwe wonke amayunithi ekhona.

Ukudalwa Zonke-Union Pioneer Inhlangano

Nokho, maduzane nje, umbuzo ukudalwa inhlangano yezingane lamaKhomanisi kwadingeka babuyele. Kwathi emveni kokuba njalo inkulumo Bureau elilandelayo leKomiti Central of Komsomol unkosikazi V I. Lenina - N. Krupskaya. Kunconywa ukuba ucabangele abaholi Komsomol ekudaleni umphakathi zezingane, kuhlanganise ifomu isithunywa ngokuqukethwe lamaKhomanisi.

Ngesikhashana nje ikhomishana yasungulwa, ka eyayihlanganisa Innokentiya Zhukova, esikhathini esidlule waziphatha "Russian ayohlola" isikhundla lobuholi emphakathini. Nguye wasikisela ukuthi amalungu enhlangano izingane omusha ngokuthi "amaphayona".

Amaphayona ayengazi ukugqoka tie obomvu kanye ihembe elimhlophe (scouts kokubili oluhlaza). Isiqubulo esithi "Zilungiselele!" - "Njalo ukulungele!" Sisuke lathathwa scouts. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlangano Pioneer agcinwayo isithunywa esingokwemvelo: umdlalo izinhlobo imfundo, division amabutho, eliholwa abeluleki, kanye nezimali umlilo. Lily nge amacembe ezintathu ukuboniswa phezu scouts isithonjana, amaphayona kwathathelwa indawo amalangabi ezintathu.

Phakathi kuka-1922 ezweni lonke kusukela ngamaqembu amancane ukuze emadolobheni amakhulu futhi kwahlelwa amabutho ukuphayona. Futhi ngo-October, Omkhulu Wesihlanu iCongress of the Komsomol ngaphambilini ukuhlanganisa kubo bonke enhlanganweni eyodwa lamaKhomanisi izingane, ukusibiza le "Young Pioneers. USpartacus. " Nokho, ngemva kokufa "umholi yesigaba sabasebenzi" (1924) yena waklonyeliswa igama Lenin. Futhi ngo-March 1926 kwaba okuthiwa ngokusemthethweni Amaphayona - UVladimir Lenin Zonke-Union Pioneer Inhlangano.

Isakhiwo iphayona eU.SSR

UVladimir Lenin Zonke-Union Pioneer Inhlangano kuyinto inhlangano kazwelonke, esifunda, yesifundazwe, idolobha kanye wesifunda amayunithi, okuncike esikwatini.

Squads zadalwa ngokuqondile ezikoleni, amakhaya zezingane kanye nezikole boarding. Uma waqoqa abantu engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, ziyekwe kudingeka lihlukaniswe, njengengxenye okumele kuthunyelwe ikakhulukazi amaphayona okungenani ezintathu. Ngokwesiko, amaqembu zadalwa kusukela izingane beminyaka yobudala efanayo, okuhlukile ezivumelekile iphayona emakamu namakhaya ezintandane.

Amayunithi ukuthi abangu waqoqa abantu nanhlanu, ihlukaniswe amayunithi, inhloko okuyinto wabekwa team leader, likhethwa emhlanganweni jikelele.

Eqinisweni squads efanayo kuhlanganiswe amaphayona zezikhungo zemfundo (ezikoleni, ezikoleni boarding, amakhaya zezingane), futhi amayunithi, ngokulandelana - ekilasini efanayo.

Innovations 80

Eighties, isakhiwo iSoviet Pioneers Union ishintshile kancane. Kwakukhona namaphayona amadala - ukuxhumanisa pre--kuya-Komsomol. Bona bagqoke ibheji ekhethekile, wakhe ubuhanjelwe amalungu Komsomol. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zazivunyelwa ukuba ukugqoka tie esikhundleni iphayona "omdala".

inhlangano Manual

Control Union Pioneer inhlangano eyenziwa YCL (YCL) ababika ngokuqondile Committee. Isikimu esifanayo ukuphathwa ezinze eminye iminyango "Young Leninists '(ezikoleni, amakhaya ezintandane, izikole boarding). Zonke kasihlalo, amasekela nonobhala Amaphayona amathiphu kusuka central esifundeni, sivunyelwe ngalesi sessions okuzobe kukhona kuwo i-Komsomol efanele.

amakomiti YCL ukulungiselela amaqembu ukuphayona babeluleki abaphezulu, enifeza ukunxenxa futhi ukuqeqeshwa kwawo, kanye ukwenza eminye acije amakhono awo.

Amaphayona umasipala

Ngamunye squad, lamabutho noma isixhumanisi kwadingeka ebusayo ayo, ngokuthi iqoqo. Imali umsebenzi iyunithi Kuhlanganisa ukwamukela abafundela amaphayona. Wabuye watusa uyakufanelekela kakhulu "Young Leninists" ukungena ezinhlwini iYoung Communist League. Nakuba, ekugcineni, iYoung Communist League wajoyina cishe wonke amalungu nhlangano, njengoba esikhathini Soviet, umsebenzi wokuziphilisa omuhle esizayo ngaphandle isihloko "Komsomolets" ukwakha kwakunzima kakhulu.

Ngokuqondene izinhlangano ezinkulu Samaphayona, ezisukela lesifunda nesiphetho Union ke kukhona uhlobo zokuzibusa okubizwa ngokuthi imibuthano iphayona. Nokho, babezomhlamuka ngezikhathi kuphela. Ngakho, Republican futhi umhlangano Zonke-Union senzeka kanye eminyakeni emihlanu, umuzi wesifunda - njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu.

Indlela ukuthatha Amaphayona

Amaphayona ayenganikela ngokuzithandela ukujoyina izingane, abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-9 no-14 eminyakeni kukonke. Ukuze yini ukunemba kakhudlwana - yokuzithandela-ophoqelelwe.

Ngaphambi kokuba yilungu lenhlangano Samaphayona, ikhandidethi lidlule ukuqeqeshwa abanye. Wazana nomunye umlando wayo, nezigigaba lala maphayona, namaqhawe, uzibophezele phakathi nempi nge eJalimane, ngekhanda ngekhanda, "isithembiso ukuphayona." Ngaphezu kwalokho, wachaza ukubaluleka uhlamvu ehlukile.

Njengomthetho, usuku isinqumo olandelayo lenhlangano ingibeke ngaphansi iyiphi amaholide lamaKhomanisi. It lucwaningo imisebenzi esimweni zemikhosi. Kodwa reception wokuqala owaqhutshelwa ngamunye ngokusebenzisa zivote inhlangano iyunithi noma squad, okuyinto ucubungula ukuzimisela ukhetho ukuze 'athwale isihloko "iphayona". Kwakufana uhlobo ukuhlolwa. Ngemva kokudlula ezikhungweni lokhu kuhlola, kukhona okungahambanga Leninist ngekusasa uye empeleni iphayona, kodwa ugqoke isithonjana yokuphayona uthayi obomvu ayengakwenza kuphela ngemva samaholide ukunikeza kubo. Wawuthatha ku umugqa ezivamile. "I onesizotha isithembiso iphayona" Wafike wanikeza.

Ngamafuphi, inqubo ukubusa isikhathi eside futhi olunzulu. Ngakho-ke, noma ubani oye waba adabula kulo, a lifetime ukukhumbula, samukelwe ku Pioneers.

Esibalulekile isithembiso nemithetho Amaphayona

Ngaphambi kokuba ilungu elisha lenhlangano iboshelwe obomvu Pioneer uthayi kwadingeka ayeke ukuba ukwakhiwa jikelele (emgqeni esikoleni, isikole boarding, nokunye. D.) A sithembiso esiqotho sokuzinikezela, ayemnike ukuzibophezela ukukhonza imbangela LamaKhomanisi, abathanda lokhokho futhi sihloniphe imithetho Amaphayona.

ezisisekelo sazo sabekwa konke okuhle ukuthi izwe ongathanda ukuzibona ku-ke isizukulwane esisha; isifiso ukuvikela ezweni lawo ekulweni nesitha, ukulwela ukuthula, lwela ukuba abe ilungu Komsomol futhi sibe yizibonelo izingane (Okthoba). Ngaphezu kwalokho, zama ukuba umngane omuhle, maqondana ezilindeleke kubadala, futhi-ke, ukuthatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo impilo yenhlangano iphayona.

Njengoba yaziwa, isimiso samaSoviet kwaba indima oluthize esiphelweni mass wobukhomanisi. Izingoma,, amafulegi, iziqubulo ngesikhathi elalitholakala abayenzayo. Amaphayona akakwazanga ukuhlala kude: Amaphayona Isiqubulo sibonelo esigqamile saleli. Lapho ephakamisa yokubiza abasha Leninist izimisele endololwaneni kuya ekhanda, enikeza okuthiwa "salute iphayona," eyagcina isenzo ezivamile ekubingeleleni enhlangano mutual.

IsiQubulo lamaphayona

Pioneer Isiqubulo laliyizingxenye ezimbili: ucingo futhi impendulo.

Ikholi kwakuzwakala kanje: "Iphayona ekulweni imbangela iCommunist Party of eSoviet Union, nilungele," Bese kuthi-ke impendulo kulandela: ". Ready Njalo" Kodwa kule okufushane umnyuziki umbhalo ngokuvamile liphinyiselwe kuphela ngezikhathi zemikhosi noma imibuthano jikelele noma imibuthano. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, isiqubulo esithi laliphinyiselwa yisihumusho ezifingqiwe, "Lungani!" - "ukulungele Njalo!".

ifomu Ukuphayona, kufanekisa nezinto

ifomu Traditional ukuphayona kwaqondana esikoleni, kodwa qiniseka umphelelisi izimpawu Orthodox - uthayi obubomvu isithonjana ukuphayona. Ukuze iqhaza imikhosi ekhanda egqoke ezibomvu aklaba cap.

Eqenjini ngalinye kwadingeka ayo "Pioneer Room," enganikwa endaweni ekhethekile ukugcina izimfanelo: unogada ifulege, izimpondo (insimbi emoyeni), izigubhu, amafulegi, ayesetshenziselwa kuvulwa nemikhosi ukuvala futhi izenzakalo ezibaluleke naphakathi.

Nokho, njengoba eSoviet Union, endaweni ekhethekile yanikezwa isiyalo, nesizukulwane samanje uye wafunda ukuba amashe ahleleka nje enkulisa, izinhlangano iphayona kulesi sici, ngisho kwadingeka isiko lalo. Minyaka yonke phakathi amaqembu enziwa "bheka phansi Iculo". Bona amajaji sokuprakthiza alinganiswa ngayo, iziqubulo ukuphayona, nifunde ngesikhathi ndima, futhi kanjani ngobungane, futhi ngokuvumelanayo ababulawa omasha ingoma.

Kafushane, uma singakhathali acabangele ngemuva zezombusazwe, izinhlangano iphayona zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuliseni izingane. Ngokwezwi nezwi igama elithi konke kusuka namaphayona Isiqubulo ziphethe ngesimo izingubo, intsha ngokwezifiso ku ukuzithiba nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano ngcono, kanye nenhlonipho kubadala uthando lwezwe. Kafushane, yena waba iphayona zonke izingane Soviet isibonelo.