Sacco noVanetetti - ngubani lo? Yini esikwaziyo ngeScco neVanetetti?

Esizukulwaneni esidala sabantu abafundela ezikoleni zaseSoviet, amagama okuthiwa iSacco noVanetetti (Nicola Sacco noBartolomeo Vanzetti) ayaziwa kahle, okufana naleso sizukulwane esisha samanje siyazi ukuthi iDolce neGabbana (Domenico Dolce noStefano Gabbana). AmaSurnames ekuzwa, ngamagama amaqhawe, izinto zaziyinkimbinkimbi ngaleso sikhathi, futhi manje.

Abantu abasendaweni yokusebenza, izisulu zezemidlalo yezombangazwe

Uma ubheka amaqiniso, indaba ibonakala kanje. Abasebenzi ababili, abafuduki base-Italy (uNikola Sacco, owazalelwa edolobheni laseTorremaggiore esifundazweni saseFoggia, bahlala ezweni lakubo kusukela ngo-1888 kuya ku-1905, futhi uBartolomeo Vacette wazalelwa ePiedmont ngo-1891), kwakungaziwa nje ngokunyakaza kwamalungelo abasebenzi. Bayiqembu le-anarchist "Circolo di Studi Sociali". Ngosuku lokuphanga kwefashini, uSanzetti, umthengisi wezinhlanzi, wayevame ukudoba. Kwakukhona ofakazi bokuzibonela ngaleli qiniso, umfana osemncane owake wafakaza ubufakazi bakhe. UScco noVanetetti baboshwa izinsuku ezimbili ngemuva kokuphanga. Konke kwaphulwa ngokwemithetho yezomthetho. Kungani le nqubo yaqala ukuheha ukunakwa okubanzi komphakathi kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kwesigwebo sokuqala sokushona, ukunyakaza kwamalungelo abantu abalahlwe yicala bazuza iplanethi.

Umangalelwa ngokungalungile

Cishe sekuyiminyaka eyikhulu, futhi le nqubo isele ubulungiswa be-US eyodwa ye-system yezomthetho engemnandi kunazo zonke naseMelika. Akekho owaziwa abafuduki base-Italy ababe yizibonakaliso zokulahlwa yilabo bonke abantu. Yebo, babengamalungu avamile emnyangweni wezabasebenzi, futhi ngubani owayengekho, uma iholidi le "International Solidarity, May Day" lizalwa ezindaweni zokubulala inyama zaseChicago. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Sacco neVanzetti babengama-anarchists, kunjalo-ke, izingane zesikole zaseSoviet azizi. Futhi, njengoba kwabonakala kamuva, bona, noma kunalokho omunye wabo, okungukuthi uNicola Sacco, wahlanganyela ekuhlaselweni nasekubulaweni. Naphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa, ukuqashelwa okulandelayo kwabahluleli ngokusobala kwakhe, izincwadi uNicola abhala ejele nendodana yakhe uDante zifanelwe ukunakekelwa. Umuntu oshumayela imibono enjalo angeke abe ngumbulali, noma ungumzenzisi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.

Yisiphi isizathu

Kodwa-ke, kakade kwakungekho eS Sacco naseVanzetti, bavele baba umkhankaso wokulwa nomthetho jikelele. Izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke zaya emibonisweni, zifuna ukuba zikhululeke, ama-anarchist aqhuma amabhomu emgwaqweni ongaphansi komhlaba, abeke umlilo ngomlilo. Konke lokhu kwaqhubeka kwaze kwafika ngo-1927, lapho icala libuyiselwa emuva, futhi kwacaciswa okwesibili isigwebo, ngemuva kwalokho, ngobusuku buka-Agasti 22-23, wabulawa. Futhi empeleni, yikuphi okwakungenxa yokuthi kwenzekani? Kungani ama-communist kanye nama-fascists (uMusolini enza iqhaza ekukhululweni) ehlombe nehlombe evikela izisulu zokuhlukunyezwa, kungani emadolobheni amaningi eNdawo yamaSoviet avela emgwaqweni uScco noVanetetti? Mhlawumbe, ngoba inqubo yayiyizepolitiki.

Isizinda sezombangazwe

Kwakungu-1920. Emphakathini waseMelika, njengakwamanye amazwe, ukwesaba "inhlupho ebomvu" kwakunjengokungavumelani kwabokufika abagcwalisa izwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nezingcindezi zempikiswano zabasebenzi komunye. Kwakudingeka ukukhombisa ukubetha. ENingizimu Braintree (eMassachusetts), ukuphanga okuvamile kwemboni yezinyawo kwenzeka ngokubulawa kwe-cashier nabalindi ababili. Ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba kwabonakala kubaningi, izigameko ezingamanga zathathwa abahlanganyeli emnyangweni wezabasebenzi - uScemaker shoem kanye nomthengisi wezinhlanzi uVanetetti. Zifanele ngokuphelele - abafuduki base-Italy nabameleli besigaba sokusebenza. Intukuthelo yaqala ukwanda lapho iziphathimandla zikahulumeni zenqabela iziphakamiso zokuzivikela nazo zonke izicelo zokubuyekeza icala.

Foam

Ukuzivikela kwakungenangqondo, abasekeli beziboshwa baqoqa $ 400,000 ukukhokhela izindleko zabo. Kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi ayikho isisekelo sokushushiswa okusemthethweni. Le nqubo yaqala ukuthatha isimo sezombangazwe, abaningi baqala ukuzwa ukuthi abajeziswanga icala elithile lobugebengu, kodwa ngenxa yezigwebo. Kodwa akekho olindelwe ukuqhuma okunjalo emhlabeni wonke. Abantu abangu-10 000 bazama ukubamba ijele laseCharlestown nokukhulula iziboshwa. Manje, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi nemicimbi eyaduduza umhlaba, ngemva kokuboniswa impi yase-US eVietnam, kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ukuthukuthela ngaleso sikhathi.

Ukulwa nomhlaba wonke

Amaphephandaba ayegcwele abamele abacasuliwe besigaba sokusebenza sePlanethi yoMhlaba. Ukucasuka hhayi kuphela abantu abasebenza, zonke izibalo ezibalulekile zazo zonke izigaba zomphakathi emhlabeni jikelele zifuna ukubuyekezwa kwecala. Ukuthi eminyakeni engamatshumi ayisikhombisa ejele iScco neVanzetti bafanelwe ukuxolelwa, kusho uPapa Pius XI. Abantu baseSoviet bangase basebenzise kanjani abantu abalahlwa yilapho benecala? Yiya ekuboniseni izinkulungwane ezinamandla kanye negama ngokuhlonipha izisulu zezombusazwe zomgwaqo. Futhi kwakuyiqiniso ngempela, ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kokubambisana. Kodwa lokho kwakungaleso sikhathi, futhi kuthiwani manje? Kulokhu, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuxoxa ngezindaba ezibuhlungu zikaNicolas Sacco noBartolomeo Vanzetti ngabantu abasha banamuhla. Enye insizwa yavula iwebhusayithi ezinikezwe ngesihloko sabasebenzi abahlukunyezwa ngokungemthetho eScco naseVanetetti. Ubani ngempela ukuthi ufunde lapho ethathwa yi-biography yakhe futhi wamangala kakhulu "owaziwayo". Embuzweni othi "kungani uvule isayithi" baphendule - "ingoma ephathelene nabo inhle kakhulu." Ngakho-ke, abantu abahlala kulesi sikhumbuzo bakhumbula abalandeli bezimpi zabangaphandle abahola imali.

Khumbula futhi manje

E-Italy, ngo-1971, ifilimu yegama elifanayo lalisungulwa, lapho kwatshelwa ukuthi yikuphi okudumile uScco noVanetetti, okwakuyilokho ababekuhlupheka, njalonjalo. I-ribbon yomqondisi odumile uGuuliano Montaldo wanikezwa imiklomelo eminingi, ikakhulukazi umdlali we-Sacco - Ricardo Cucciolo. Ngithole "I-Ribbon yesiliva" nomlobi wengoma emangalisayo yefilimu, i-Ennio Marricone evelele. Umbuzo othi "uScco noVanetetti - ngubani lo" angaphendulwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, yini eyabangela ukuthukuthela kwezigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele ukungabi nabulungisa kwesimiso sezomthetho sase-US. Isinqumo sokuqala sidluliselwa ngo-1920. Kwakungekho amakamu okuhlushwa okwamanje, kwakungekho Vietnam. Futhi-ke isiphetho sabantu esithathwe emgwaqweni futhi satshala esihlalweni sikagesi, sagubha umhlaba wonke.

Izizathu zesihloko

Abafundi ezikoleni zaseSoviet abazange babuze "uScco noVanetetti ukuthi ngubani". Babezibona njengabaqaphi bezomthetho, ngamalungelo abasebenzi. Khona-ke ngekhanda amagama amaningi angaphandle. Izingane zaziqanjwe ngamabutho aphesheya aphesheya ngokuthula. I-intanethi ayikho. Mayelana ne "Inhliziyo Yenja" uMnu. Bulgakov, lapho umphathi uShvonder ephakamisa ukubiza amantombazane "nje", ngokuhlonishwa kukaRosa Luxemburg noClara Liebknecht, abazange bazizwe. Ukuhlonishwa kwabalandeli bezokulingana kanye nobuhlobo bazo zonke izizwe, okuthiwa i-sanatoria, izikole, imigwaqo emikhulu. Kulesi simo, leli gama lalizwakala kahle - iScco neVanetetti Street.

I-Tribute kuya

Ukuze ucabange ubukhulu bezinkanuko zaleso sikhathi, ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kunezitaladi eziningi ezweni lethu. I-Sacco ne-Vanzetti, futhi nje inesikhathi esihle futhi esiwusizo, udinga ukubona ifilimu ephawulekayo kakhulu yegama elifanayo, lapho yonke into exhunywe nesimo esiphathelene nale nqubo emangalisa idluliselwa kahle. Manje kukhona izinkulumo mayelana nesidingo sokuqamba kabusha lezi zitaladi, naphezu kokudaka okungadingekile okuhlobene nalolu daba. Ekugcineni, la magama awafanekisi nje kuphela ukuthukuthela ngokulingana okujwayelekile kwe-American, kodwa futhi ukuhlanganisa abantu baseRussia umbono wokuhle, ubulungiswa nokuhlanganyela kwabathintekayo abangenacala.

Heroes of Russia

Lokhu kuyingxenye yomlando wethu, lapho imizwelo yabantu abaningi beyiyodwa futhi iqotho kakhulu. Kwakungenjalo ukukhathazeka okunjalo. Le mizwa yaphoqa amakhulu amavolontiya ukuba aye eSpain. Ul. Sacco noVanetetti - isikhumbuzo somlando wethu, hhayi isiMelika noma isiNtaliyane. Nakuba kunjalo, isiko laseRussia bekulokhu "i-kink ensimini" - imigwaqo engu-38 eRussia, i-15 e-Ukraine, i-3 eKazakhstan, i-4 eBelarus, mhlawumbe kancane kakhulu. Kodwa ama-republic aseSoviet ayengadingeki ukukhathazeka - angabizwa kabusha ngoba amagama angamaNtaliyane, hhayi isiRussia. Eqinisweni, eRussia kuyindaba yabantu abahlala kuwo wonke amadolobha.

Imigwaqo endala emihle

Isibonelo, i-Saratov. I-Sacco neVanetetti zingenye yezindlela zakudala nezasemaphandleni zomuzi kanye nomlando wayo nabamemezeli abaqotho. Enenethiwekhi ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "I-My Street" kunesihloko esimnandi mayelana noDmitrovskaya owayedlule, ogama lakhe lingu "egameni lomqambi wommeli we-State Chamber AI. UDmitrieva, owenza iminikelo enkulu ekwakhiweni kwensimbi ye-Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, ngaleso sikhathi i-Little Noble, kamuva i-Great Kostrida. Kulesi sihloko kunesibonelo nje sokuthi, ngokubambisana kwabasebenzi bebhizinisi elilodwa, kulokhu kubambisana "Globe" yokubambisana, okwasekelwe ngobuqotho yibo bonke abakhileyo edolobheni, ngo-1927 igama lomgwaqo omdala, hhayi elizwakalayo emhlabeni wonke, liguqulwa libe lisha, elicacile, likhonkolo futhi lihlangene nezifiso Amaningi. Ngakho-ke, izakhamuzi zedolobha ziba nesisekelo nezwe lonke, zixoxe ngenkuthalo ngenqubo edumile. Sekuyiminyaka engaba ngu-90 yokuphila ngaphansi kweli gama, umgwaqo uzuze umlando wayo okhazimulayo. Ziziqhenya ngomgwaqo onalo negama elithi Saratov - iScco neVanetetti. I-polyclinic etholakala lapha akuyona yedwa. Kukhona futhi i-polyclinic yamazinyo (indlu 12) kulo mgwaqo omkhulu womuzi, ongowesiqiniseko sokuthi "i-Volga-Stoma, i-polyclinic No. 8 (indlu 51). Nansi iSibhedlela sezingane seNombolo 2 (indlu 41). Ngaphansi kwe-№61 yinto eyaziwayo kulo lonke idolobha elizimele elisekela i-polyclinic, okuyiziko lokubonisana nezokwelapha le-MMPU (ibhizinisi lezokwelapha lomasipala). I-polyclinic inezinga elikhethekile futhi selikhona iminyaka engu-24. Inqolobane, ikhoneni lasendulo elinamagama afanayo nalo idolobha laseVoronezh. I-Sacco ne-Vanzetti - umgwaqo owuphawu oluphawulekayo lomuzi. Kunezikhumbuzo zomlando nezakhiwo zokwakha lapha kuphela. Ngaphambilini kwakuthiwa yi-Big Virgin ekuhlonipheni i-nunnery eseduze. Izakhamuzi zazibiza ngokuthi umgwaqo we-Lighting - kwakukhona izikole, indlu yokuqala yokunyathelisa kanye nemtapo wolwazi lomphakathi.

Omunye wabaningi

Kukhona omunye umgwaqo wasendulo futhi omuhle ogama lakhe linguScco noVanetetti. I-Yekaterinburg yayizungezile zonke izinhlangothi nezakhiwo ezintsha. Kodwa emgwaqweni kukhona izindlu ezinhle kakhulu, kwenye yazo, indlu yangaphambili yabathengisi base-Agafurov, kunomfanekiso weTatarstan. Kwenye indlu kukhona iminyuziyamu yokuphila komthengisi. Indaba iyafana - ngo-1930 Usoltsevskaya Street yabizwa kabusha ngesicelo sabasebenzi abasebenza. Ngaphambilini kwakuthiwa yiPolkovskaya, ngokuhlonipha indoda okuthiwa uPolkov, owokuqala ukwakha indlu lapha. Ilula futhi iyaqondakala. Uma umgwaqo ubuyiselwa egameni langaphambili elithi "Usoltsevskaya", ngingathanda ukwazi kusukela ku-initiators ukuthi igama lisho ukuthini. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umgwaqo ubonakala njengendawo evikelekile.

Kukhona idolobha lezesayensi esifundeni saseMoscow Korolev. I-Sacco neVanetetti - umgwaqo owakhiwe ngokuyinhloko yizakhiwo zokuhlala ezitelekeni ezingu-5 no-12 (1974). Umgwaqo ovamile wendawo yokuhlala, lapho kukhona isikole kanye nendawo yokuzivocavoca.