Oscillation khulula

izinqubo Oscillatory - omunye izenzakalo ezivamile ngokwemvelo. Isifundo sabo abathintekayo amagatsha ahlukahlukene yolwazi, ikakhulukazi physics. Ukuze siphendule umbuzo lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama oscillations khulula, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lesi sigaba liyireferensi ekutadisheni wonke ezihlukahlukene imihlola oscillatory ezenzeka ngokwemvelo.

Kukhona lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo, bahlukaniswa ngokomthombo nangezinga zizathu.

engokoqobo ukuhlukanisa kunyakaza mechanical, kagesi kanye okuxubile, ngokuhlanganisa izici sekushiwo.

Ngu indlela flow ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana kunyakaza:

- ophoqelelwe, okungukuthi, labo okuthiwa futhi baba ngaphansi kwethonya nezinhlobo ezahlukene zangaphandle thuthuva ezindaweni lapho zenzeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele uhambisane nemigomo PERIODICITY lezi thuthuva;

- oscillations khulula, ngokuthi ngisho siqu, okuyinto ethulwa yangaphakathi izici uhlelo futhi lapho umbukiso ngibopha attenuation lapho isenzo amabutho yangaphakathi liyaphela noma kuyancipha;

- oscillations - ezifana izimpawu khona amandla uhlelo (amandla ezingaba), ukuhlinzeka amagoli oscillations. Ikhaya kuka oscillations khulula zehluke oscillations, ukuncika amplitude akuyona ekhulumela amandla kokuqala ishayela eziqalisa, kanye izici uhlelo ngokomzimba;

- ipharamitha - ke kunyakaza okuyinto yilabo abake ngaphansi bayazi umsebenzi uhlelo oscillating kwanoma iyiphi ipharamitha projecting ukubonakaliswa ambient izakhiwo;

- nokushintshashintsha okungahleliwe yilawo isinyathelo ezintweni inqubo oscillatory kukhona okungahleliwe, hhayi parametric ngokwemvelo.

Efingqa kulezi zici, kungashiwo waphetha ngokuthi, iningi ifomu elivamile iyehla iyenyuka yayo - lokhu iyaphindwa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukushintsha ezinye ohlelweni ngenhlonipho esimweni saso zilingana. Ezindaweni ezivame kakhulu zokubonisa izinqubo oscillatory e nature mechanical imihlola, amakhemikhali, wokuzuliswa kagesi, ukufunda izinkanyezi, nezinye kagesi. Isici esivamile se-wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, vibration izindlela, ngukutsi ihlobene ngokuqondile ushintsho amandla - ekuguquleni omunye hlobo luni lwamandla kolunye.

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, yekucala liphenya ubunjalo izinqubo oscillatory, isifundo esiphathelene zinhlobo anjalo oscillations njengoba khulula. Izici eziyisisekelo yilezi ezilandelayo:

- amplitude (A) - seqiwe konke ukwehlukahlukana kohlelo esimweni ezikuso yakhoibrium (ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa inkomba inani eliyisilinganiso);

- inkathi (T) - kwenkathi ethile ngesikhathi lapho kungenzeka ukulungisa ukuphindaphinda uhlelo uthi;

- imvamisa yemvelo (f) - Inani nokudludliza, okwenza uhlelo isikhathi esithize iyunithi. Lokhu ipharamitha ulinganiswa hertz (Hz).

Ubudlelwano yalezi nemingcele kubonise ifomula ephawula vibration khulula njengoba enzeka. Ukuze izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene vibrational imingcele kule ifomula afakiwe inhlanganisela ahlukahlukene, kuye ngokuthi yini uhlelo oluthile enixoxa ngalo.

Ngokwesibonelo, e-elula resonant isikhathi wesifunda futhi imvamisa zihlobene ngu: f = 1 / T, therefrom kusobala ukuthi isikhathi futhi imvamisa izimiso ephambene.

Uma sicabanga oscillations khulula ezenzeka isimiso esinjalo, okuyinto eqondiswa luxhumanisa entwasahlobo, okuyinto has a ezithile kuyaqina (k), kube kufanele senze umthetho wesibili Newton. Sikhishwe ifomula yayo ebonisa izakhiwo vibrational zalesi simiso iba: F = -kx. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi uma singazinaki amagugu zamabutho friction nesisindo lithathwe njengendlela value njalo, isimiso esinjalo uyohlale oscillate nenani lesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho amplitudes ezahlukene kanye nemibandela kokuqala nesenzakalo yabo.