Hemostatic

ezicutshini ehlanganisa plasma (ingxenye liquid ke) futhi okwesikhashana therein corpuscles (leukocyte, erythrocyte nezinhlayiya zegazi) - igazi (cishe 8% ngesisindo zomzimba womuntu) - limele imvelo yangaphakathi, okuyinto ukhiphela ngohlelo igazi semithambo kodwa hhayi ixhumana ngqo nezinye izicubu ngenxa gistogematicheskih izithiyo. Ngulona logeleta nibonakala phakathi nomzimba noma ngenxa umonakalo semithambo kanye isikhumba noma ngesikhathi yemvelo umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.

Umuntu enempilo zingaphila ngaphandle yezinkinga zokugula kwakhe igazi ukulahlekelwa ngu-15% wezindleko. Ngokuhamba lesi silinganiso ingozi libhekwa njengoba medium, esindayo, omkhulu, ebulalayo nezinguzunga ngokuphelele ezibulalayo. Izindlela bokumisa igazi zincike zilwane, njengoba lokhu kungase kube okubeka obala (yangaphandle, yangaphakathi) noma outflow esicashile. Usizo lungaba olwesikhashana uma wenza Imbondela tourniquet, noma njalo lapho stop lokugcina izitsha sutured ukwenza tamponade, embolization, noma hemocoagulation kwenziwe.

Ngo coagulation (ekunqandeni noma coagulation), eyingxenye ye hemostasis (ukopha kokuma), ke wabe inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu begazi okuphumela ekwakhiweni endaweni isilonda we imicu amaprotheni fibrin. Labo, wona akha thrombi (amahlule) ukungaguquguquki nokunjengoshizi. Bona, ukuba inesikhala imithambo yegazi, udlala indima ngesivalo, evala ukuvulwa. Ukuze kusheshiswe coagulation isicelo styptic. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa ukuthi lezi zinkulumo zisuselwa igazi - zihlanjululwa ugxilisa izingxenye ekunqandeni.

Ukuze ekwelapheni (ikakhulukazi phakathi nokuhlinzwa) esetshenziswa ejenti antifibrinolytic (isb, "Trasylol", "Contrycal", "ambenom"). Lapho abaphikisi ukopha anticoagulants nazo asetshenziswa ezifana "calcium gluconate" noma "calcium chloride".

Ukuze ukwelashwa kuye ngokuthi indawo kanye ngemvelo yenkinga usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezahlukene hemostatic (haemostatica) noma hemostatics resorptive (ngokufaka igazi) futhi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo (isetshenziswa isilonda izicubu) senzo. Ngokwesibonelo, le njongo isebenzisa umuthi "Hemostatic isipanji", okuyinto etholakala igazi wezinkomo noma abanikeli ezomile mass ukungena nakwamanye amazwe. Iqukethe thrombokinase, thrombin kanti ezinye inhlanganisela yemithi anomthelela igazi coagulation. Izipanji sisetshenziswa enxebeni avunyelwe ukuqedela resorption.

Ngezinye izikhathi usebenzisa styptic ethize. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho opha Imikhumbi ezincane (kodwa hhayi elikhulu!) Wasebenzisa ikhambi "Thrombin" (isithako zemvelo uhlelo igazi coagulation), it is elifakwe nge gauze oyinyumba noma izidakamizwa "Hemostatic isipanji" futhi bathi ibhekisele isilonda. Ngezinye ukugqoka izinguquko noma leyo nkinga isilungisiwe gauze isuswe futhi isipanji ishiywa, njengoba unekhono chaza.

Ezinye amakhambi ubuye ube izakhiwo hemostatic futhi bayakwazi ayeke noma ukunciphisa enomopho iphelelwa isikhathi. Okungukuthi, abe styptic. umphumela Hemostatic nalezo izitshalo aqukethe izinto zemvelo - tannins. Le ngxube yamakhemikhali nge phenolic binders, antidiarrhoeal futhi izakhiwo haemostatic. amakhambi Hemostatic ibe nomthelela ekubeni coagulation nokwehlisa isikhathi kumiswa fibrin amaprotheni. amakhambi Hemostatic ekubeni ukusheshisa platelet wokuhlanganisa endaweni ukopha, ukuvimbela it kusuka capillary ethambile, ukuvimbela ukusabalala ukutheleleka, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Lezi zihlanganisa Yarrow, emhlophe peony impande, sembabazane, ginger, geranium, Burnet, ukhova nabanye. Amakhambi kanye nemikhiqizo zokwelapha okusekelwe kuzo ungakwazi ukubhekana ngempumelelo nge ukopha ezincane, noma ukunciphisa ukulahleka igazi ukuze sisuse izimbangela zalo.