Nitrate kanye nitrites. Noqhekeko we nitrate. Nitrate e ukudla namanzi. Nitrate - a ...

Ngamunye wethu okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe bebhekene nemiphumela ebuhlungu ukusetshenziswa imikhiqizo nitrate. Ngoba umuntu mhlangano baqhubeka okuncane disorder emathunjini, futhi umuntu wakwazi ukuya esibhedlela isikhathi eside wabheka ngokuqapha izithelo nemifino abazithenge emakethe. Pseudo-yesayensi indlela futhi yokungazi ngaso senziwa monster nitrate, uyakwazi ngisho lokubulala, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba bajwayelane le miqondo kangcono.

Nitrate kanye nitrites

Nitrite - usawoti nitric acid, kokuba ngendlela zinhlayiya. Ziyakwazi kalula oncibilikayo emanzini, kushisa ikakhulukazi. Ngo ngezinga ezimbonini okulungiselelwe ukumuncwa amagesi oxide. Isetshenziselwa ukuthola udayi njengoba oxidizing ejenti e-yendwangu nensimbi izimboni njengoba uyalondoloza.

Nitrate - usawoti ka nitric acid, ngaphambili yayibizwa ngokuthi ye-nitrate. Basuke etholakala ngemva kokungenwa izinsimbi, nitric acid, futhi bebodwa zingabantu oxidants enamandla kakhulu. Kalula oncibilikayo emanzini. noqhekeko nitrate kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa degrees phezu kwabangamakhulu amathathu centigrade. Izinhlelo eyinhloko nitrate - kuyinto ezolimo, kodwa ezinye zezakhi elisetshenziswa pyrotechnics njengoba iziqhumane, kanye izingxenye i-rocket fuel.

indima Nitrate emphilweni izitshalo

Omunye izakhi ezine eziyisisekelo akha umzimba eziphilayo nitrogen. It iyadingeka ukuze zamagama wamaprotheni molecule. Nitrate - a molecule usawoti aqukethe lemali edingekile of nitrogen kulesi simila. Amuncwa iseli, kuyehla kube usawoti nitrite. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge zamakhemikhali ukufinyelela ammonia. Futhi, yena, kubalulekile ekwakhekeni chlorophyll.

imithombo yemvelo nitrate

Umthombo oyinhloko nitrate ungaphakathi ubunjalo nenhlabathi ngokwayo. Lapho izinto eziphilayo okumunyethwe kuwo, mineralizing - ezakhiwe nitrate. Ijubane le nqubo incike kokusetshenziswa komhlaba, isimo sezulu kanye nohlobo lomhlabathi. Izwe ayiqukethe eziningi nitrogen, ngakho zemvelo kungukuthi ayinandaba by kumiswa esibalulekile nitrate. Ikakhulukazi njengoba umsebenzi wezolimo (ezinyantisayo, disking, ukusetshenziswa unomphela kukamanyolo amaminerali) inciphise nitrogen eziphilayo.

Ngakho-ke, imithombo yemvelo akakwazi ibhekwe ukungcola komhlaba kanye ekuqongeleleni nitrate ezitshalweni.

imithombo yabantu

imithombo evamile yabantu zingahlukaniswa zibe yezolimo, zezimboni, futhi Umbuso indawo. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa umquba udoti isilwane, kwesibili - amanzi ezimbonini nokusaphaza. umthelela wabo nokungcoliswa imvelo akufani futhi kuncike imininingwane ngamunye endaweni ethize.

Ukunqunywa nitrate e izinto zokwakha eziphilayo wanika imiphumela elandelayo:

- amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 - kuwumphumela ukuvuna;
- 20 amaphesenti - umquba;
- 18 cent bathandaze imfucuza ezisemadolobheni kamasipala ngamunye;
- konke okunye - kuba ezimbonini.

I okungathi sina kakhulu owenziwe nitrogen umquba, okuyinto yethulwe zingene inhlabathi ukwandisa umkhiqizo. Noqhekeko we nitrate enhlabathini bese izitshalo, yakha isamba elanele nitrites ukudla ukudla okunoshevu. Ukuqiniswa wezolimo ukuyibhebhethekisa le nkinga kuphela. Izinga eliphakeme nitrate uqaphela emiseleni main okuyinto ukuqoqa amanzi emva ukuchelela.

Umthelela emzimbeni womuntu

Nitrate kanye nitrites lokuqala ebucayini ngokwabo phakathi ngeminyaka yoma. Khona-ke, e-odokotela Asia Ephakathi eqoshiwe kokugqashuka ikhabe ubuthi. Ngokuhamba uphenyo kwatholakala ukuthi izithelo iphathwa nge ammonium nitrate kanye cishe kancane ngokweqisa. Ngemva kwalesi sehlakalo, osokhemisi izazi zezinto eziphilayo bacabangisise ekutadisheni nokuxhumana nitrate kanye eziphilayo indoda ethile.

1. I-nitrate igazi uxhumana nge-hemoglobin, futhi oxidized yensimbi yayo ephambili. Loku methemoglobin, okungakwazi ukuthutha umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuholela ukuphazamiseka kwezimila amaselula kanye namachibi imvelo yangaphakathi.
2. Ukubhidliza homeostasis, nitrate nomthelela ekukhuleni microflora eziyingozi esiswini.
3. Ngo izitshalo, ama-nitrate nama encishisiwe Vitamin kokuqukethwe.
4. Ukweqisa izidakamizwa nitrate kungabangela isisu noma nezinkinga zobulili.
5. Ngo ubuthi ezingamahlalakhona by nitrate ukwehla eliningi iodine kanye yegilo ukwanda compensatory.
6. Nitrate - factor okwabangela ukuthuthukiswa izimila wokugaya ukudla.
7. nitrate Iningi ulapha kanyekanye kungaholela nciphisa ngenxa ukunwetshwa ngokushesha izitsha ezincane.

Umzimba-nitrate emzimbeni

Nitrate - lisuselwa ammonia, okuyinto, ukuwela umzimba ophilayo, obutholakala umzimba futhi shintsha. Ngo nengcosana, abazi ngihluphe abanye abantu. Ukudla namanzi nitrate esikuthola esiswini, kudlule emgudwini wegazi ngomthambo sesibindi excreted ngu nezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nabancelisayo nitrate singene ubisi lwebele.

Phakathi umzimba nitrate jikisa nitrites, ayefaka zensimbi ngqamuzana baphazamise iketango zokuphefumula. Ukuze yakha methemoglobin amagremu amabili, ngokwanele eyodwa kuphela milligram sodium nitrite. Ngokuvamile, lokuhlala methemoglobin e-plasma kumele singeqi ambalwa amaphesenti. Uma lesi sibalo kunqoba amathathu, kukhona ubuthi, uma ingaphezu amahlanu - ke cishe njalo siyabulala.

Ukuze ulawule ezingeni methemoglobin emzimbeni kufanele metgemoglobinreduktaza. Lokhu enzyme isibindi olukhiqizwa umzimba, ezisukela izinyanga ezintathu ukuze baphile.

Izinga OKUVUMELEKILE nitrate

Yiqiniso, ekahle umuntu - sigweme nitrate kanye nitrites emzimbeni, kodwa kungenzeki empilweni yangempela. Ngakho-ke, esiteshini sanitary-epidemiological, odokotela baye basungula kwezinkambiso lezi izinto, okungakwazi kulimaze umzimba.

Ukuze umuntu omdala nge isisindo ezingaphezu kuka ayisikhombisa amakhilogremu kubhekwa umthamo kuvunyelwe 5 angu amakhilogramu esisindo ngayinye. Ngaphandle nemiphumela engathi sína impilo abadala ongasigwinya kuze kube yingxenye igremu nitrate. Ezinganeni, lesi sibalo ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso - angu-50, kungakhathaliseki isisindo noma ubudala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo i ubuthi usana kwakwanele, futhi ingxenye yesihlanu lokhu umthamo.

Imizila of entry

Thola ubuthi by nitrate kungaba umzila alimentary, okungukuthi ngokusebenzisa ukudla, amanzi, imithi ngisho (uma aqukethe nitrate, usawoti). Abangaphezu kwesigamu umthamo wansuku zonke we-nitrate engena umuntu imifino kanye izimpahla okusemathinini. Ingxenye esele umthamo ungena ukubhaka, imikhiqizo yobisi amanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye encane kuyinto nitrate kanye umzimba imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa endogenously.

Nitrate emanzini - ke kuba yisikhathi ukukhuluma. She - uketshezi jikelele, ngakho-ke iqukethe amaminerali hhayi kuphela futhi ukulandelela izakhi ezidingekayo impilo evamile yobuntu, kodwa futhi ubuthi, ubuthi, ama-bacterium, helminths, okuyizinto causative ejenti izifo eziyingozi. Ngokwe-World Health Organization, ngenxa izinga abampofu amanzi unyaka ngamunye ugula yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili abantu, futhi kufa kukhona angaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu.

umquba Chemical equkethe ammonium nosawoti percolate enhlabathini bese ungena namachibi ngomshoshaphansi. Lokhu kuholela ekuqongeleleni nitrate, futhi ngezinye izikhathi inombolo yabo ifinyelela angu angamakhulu amabili ilitha. amanzi Artesian isala ihlanzeke, njengoba akhishwa izingqimba ezijulile, kodwa ungase uthole ubuthi. Izakhamuzi ezindaweni zasemakhaya ngamanzi kahle ukuthola angu nsuku ayisishiyagalombili nitrate kusukela ilitha ngayinye amanzi ngemali ukuba niphuze.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe nitrate e ugwayi siphakeme ngokwanele ukuze ababhemayo nonokuma imbangela eside ubuthi ezingamahlalakhona. Lena enye impikiswano esivuna ekulweni umkhuba okulimazayo.

Nitrate e ukudla

Phakathi ukupheka inani nitrate kule mikhiqizo ancipha kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuhlukumeza wemithetho isitoreji kungabangela nomphumela ohlukile. Nitrites, le ezinobuthi kakhulu abantu, akhiwa ezingeni lokushisa kusuka eziyishumi ukuze amathathu nanhlanu degrees, ikakhulukazi uma isikhala isitoreji ukudla lapho ukupholisa ayiyinhle, futhi kukhona umonakalo ku imifino noma baqala ukubola. Nitrites futhi kwakheka imifino incibilikiswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, okokuqandisa ezijulile evimbela kumiswa nitrites nemikhiqizo kamanyolo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo isitoreji elikhulu ungehlisa inani ye-nitrate e imikhiqizo angu-mahlanu.

nitrate ubuthi

Izimpawu ubuthi by nitrate:

- blueness sezindebe, ubuso nezinzipho;
- Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza kungaba buhlungu esiswini;
- yellowness we abamhlophe samehlo, izigqiki igazi;
- ikhanda futhi ukozela;
- kufushane lubonakale ukucinana lapho uphefumula, palpitations, ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ukuzwela ushevu unamandla ngaphansi kwezimo hypoxia, isibonelo ezintabeni noma i-carbon monoxide ubuthi noma ukudakwa eqinile oludakayo. Nitrate ufake emathunjini, lapho microflora yemvelo agaya ukuba nitrites. Nitrite is angena kwegazi futhi kuthinte-hemoglobin. Izimpawu zokuqala ubuthi ungayithola enye by ngehora umthamo okusezingeni eliphezulu kokuqala, noma amahora ayisithupha uma inani nitrate lalilincane.

Khumbula ukuthi acute ubuthi by nitrate obubonakala ngendlela efana utshwala ukudakwa.

Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa ezimpilweni zethu kusukela nitrate, ngoba lokhu kuzothinta zonke izici zokuphila komuntu: kusukela ukudla ukukhiqiza. Nokho, asikwazi uzame bazivikele ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, kulandela imithetho elula:

- Geza izithelo nemifino ngaphambi kokudla;
- esitolo ukudla amafriji noma ezikhungweni wahlomisa ngokukhethekile;
- amanzi okuphuza hlamba.