Peninsula Taimyr. izici sezulu yeNhlonhlo Taimyr

Esikhathini ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi izwekazi Eurasia, phakathi imilomo imifula Khatanga futhi Yenisei, kwaze kwaba phakathi yiqhwa Arctic Ocean ezinzima umxhwele sushi kwelivi ubabonisa Taimyr Peninsula (kumephu enikeziwe kule athikili, ebonisa indawo yayo). isandiso layo lisuke limbozwe okuphakade ice qoqo leziqhingi Northern Earth, kusukela amaphuzu kakhulu zazo (Cape Arctic) yebanga pole amakhilomitha 960 kuphela. Peninsula Taimyr ubizwa wageza ngasoLwandle Laptev futhi Kara. Nangu enhla nenyakatho nezwekazi - Cape Chelyuskin.

Territory ukhohlwe

Akuwona wonke umfundi yesimanje uyazi lapho Peninsula Taimyr, futhi akumangalisi, indawo yayo ungakuvumeli ukuba inflow zezivakashi lapha. Lena izwe imagebhugebhu kakhulu, lapho ngisho ehlobo izinga lokushisa aliphumi ngenhla eziyishumi degrees Celsius. Enhlonhlweni itholakala ngaphakathi National District Taimyr, ku-Krasnoyarsk Territory. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, iphuzu yayo extreme enyakatho - kuba Cape Chelyuskin. Umngcele oseningizimu enyakatho protrusion ithafa Ephakathi. Ubude Tajmyr nhlonhlo ubabonisa amakhilomitha angaphezu kwenkulungwane ububanzi - anamakhulu mahlanu. endaweni yaso ezingaphezu kuka-400 eziyinkulungwane amakhilomitha square. Yonke indawo nhlonhlo ivame kakhulu dissected ngu izintaba. Taimyr elise kude kwe-Arctic Circle, onqenqemeni ezineqhwa lomfula Omkhulu laseSiberia.

Umlando yentuthuko

Akumnandi nesithakazelo emlandweni ukuthuthukiswa yeNhlonhlo Taimyr. Nabasunguli wabahloli laseNyakatho ... Bangaki izenzakalo edume futhi ngezinye izikhathi edabukisayo kufihlwe ngemuva la mazwi sikubeke emifushane! Abacwaningi wokuqala Russian of Taimyr ekhulwini lesikhombisa babé daredevils abeza lapha bezofuna uboya - "Izinto ezithambile". Ngakho 1667 kwi engxenyeni esenyakatho Yenisei kukhona isiphetho ezingadle ngabukhazikhazi ezibizwa ngokuthi Dudinka. Namuhla-ke yilona dolobha enkulu National District Taimyr. Ekhulwini nesishiyagalombili kule ndawo it is ihlelwe Elikhulu Northern Expedition. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso amagama amadoda amaningi kakhulu - Fedora Minina, uSemyon Chelyuskin, bazalwane Laptev uVasili Pronchishchev nabanye abaningi. Futhi eminyakeni eyikhulu kulomhlaba wahamba semvelo omkhulu Middendorf AF Kamuva, ngasogwini enhlonhlweni baye bavakashela kwamanye, abacwaningi kancane owaziwa e-Arctic: Nansen, Eduard Toll, A. Nordenskjold.

Ikhulu lamashumi amabili

Ngenkathi isimo cwaningo Soviet ye-Arctic waqala athole umfutho omusha. Ngakho, ngo-1918 ogwini olusenyakatho, inhlonhlo ye-ubusika omunye umhloli wamazwe polar - edume R. Amundsen. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nalokho athokoza ubuqhawe babo nomhloli wamazwe Russian, okuyinto ngesikhathi esisodwa wayebizwa ngokuthi "legend" - N. Begichev. Enhlonhlweni enyakatho Russia osikweleta eziningi kule ndoda nanesibindi abonisa. Baningi izenzakalo eziphawulekayo negama lakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, wathola eGulf of Khatanga esiqhingini ongaziwa, ethiwa emva kwakhe, wathatha ingxenye esebenzayo ku mikhankaso Arctic, ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa wabasindisa ekufeni. Isibindi Nokuzidela wafuna kabuhlungu elahlekile wabahloli Arctic. Futhi wembelwa umhlaba. Esikhathini namathathu banesifo esibi ekuseni wabahloli polar Urvantsev GA waqale wangena NN Ushakov kanye leziqhingi of Severnaya Zemlya futhi wenza incazelo enemininingwane.

Impumuzo yeNhlonhlo Taimyr

Kanye ubude lonke kule nhlonhlo welula omkhulu zokhahlamba Byrranga. kwakhiwa Echelon uhlelo noma izifunda kuqondane kanye Amathafa olunzulu inamagquma It is. Byrranga ezintabeni ukunwebisa 1100 amakhilomitha, ebubanzini nasekujuleni kwazo kuyibanga elingaphezulu kwamakhilomitha angu-200. Okwenzeka lapha emifuleni Taimyr nezigodi zabo abahlukene Pyasina Ukhahlamba waba izingxenye ezintathu: ngasempumalanga, nge engamamitha 600-1146 amamitha; central, evelele - 400-600 m; Western - 250-320 amamitha. Ridge rocks eyinkimbinkimbi Paleozoic kanye nobudala Precambrian, phakathi kwabo indima enkulu udlalwa by izingibe - lokhu rocks igneous ukuthi zibekwa ngendlela izinyathelo.

izici sezulu yeNhlonhlo Taimyr

Isimo sezulu ezintabeni Taimyr abandayo kakhulu, ngokucijile ezwekazini. Ngakho, izinga lokushisa isilinganiso ngoJanuwari kuyinto lokususa 30-33 degrees Celsius, futhi ngo-July - plus 2-10. Spring iqala phakathi no-June, futhi ngo-August nezinga lokushisa nsuku zonke lehla ngezansi zero. Imvula uwela eNhlonhlweni Taimyr kusuka 120 kuya 140 mm ngonyaka. East, inhlonhlo ye-ihlanganiswa ngokuphelele yeqhwa, endaweni ingqikithi 50 amakhilomitha square. Izintaba embozwe izimila, okuyinto sici enamadwala emathafeni arctic - ubuswa ulele futhi wona.

echibini Taimyr

Lokhu into aqueous ixhunywe emfuleni Tajmyre. Lake uhlukanisa kwawo izingxenye ezimbili - phansi (187 amakhilomitha) kanye engenhla (567 amakhilomitha). Indawo yalesi umzimba ngamanzi uhlukile kakhulu ngoba itholakala kude ngaphezu kwe-Arctic Circle. Lake Taimyr iyona esisenyakatho emhlabeni eziphila kuleli chibi elikhulu. Itholakala esinqeni ezintabeni Byrranga, iphuzu impela siyakhuthazeka ngezinga 76th of enyakatho nenkabazwe. Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-September uJuni echibini embozwe iqhwa. Amazinga amanzi ehlobo antante plus eziyisishiyagalombili degrees, futhi ebusika - kancane ngenhla zero.

Peninsula coast

Uma ucabangela Peninsula Taimyr kumephu, ungabona ukuthi eduze ogwini lwayo kukhona eziqhingini eziningi ezincane. Abanye babo baye sezwe ongaphakeme-amanga, futhi abanye, kunalokho, kuphezulu. Iziqhingi esiyindilinga ukuma, Umda wabo kuyinto ezinamadwala emaweni, abanye basuke izinguzunga zeqhwa encane. Taimyr Peninsula izindawo Ubuye amabhange emaweni, ukuwela ulwandle ugeza kubo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi - okunalokho - the ephansi futhi ngobumnene ezitshekile, nakuba Awukude kubo, ezinde izintaba, ehlanganisa izingqimba ovundlile edwaleni sedimentary. Impumalanga ye-Cape Chelyuskin ogwini eduze elinezintaba. Khona-ke ukudlulisa ukunyuswa ibanga ezisezansi, bese ibuyisela ezweni lezintaba emikhawulweni flat futhi ephansi amanga. Sea egeza Taimyr, engajulile, ngezinye izikhathi lapho kwenzeka angajulile sasivumela olunzulu. Kusukela ngo-July kuya Agasti, iyatholakala lokuthumela, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona stamuki samanje - a ice amabhlogo olulodwa; hummocks ice Amasimu ezinkulu nezincane. Endulo endaweni kule nhlonhlo umbozwe amanzi. Lokhu kufakazelwa ulwandle amagobolondo ezitholakale eduze komfula Middendorf Lower Taimyr. Okwamanje, lezi clams bahlala amanzi e-Arctic Ocean. Ichopho enyakatho Peninsula Taimyr embozwe iqhwa kunazo zonke onyakeni. Summer ihlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha, futhi ngalesi sikhathi kwenzeke snowstorms.

inqolobane Taimyr

Peninsula Taimyr kuyinto Nature Reserve kazwelonke. He qamba 1979 by Isinqumo CM we RSFSR, kodwa ngenxa yobunzima yenhlangano yaqala ukusebenza kuphela ngo-1985. Esiqiwini inohlelo cluster inezingxenye eziningana - Hataganskogo sesikhashana zone ndawo, main emathafeni endaweni (uDickson futhi Hatagansky izindawo), kanye izingxenye "Arctic", "Lukunsky" futhi "Ary-Mas". insimu yalo ihlanganisa degrees lemine latitude ke imelelwa esishintshashintshayo yehlathi-emathafeni, ohlanzekile emathafeni, Ukhahlamba Byrranga, sub-Arctic, futhi ejwayelekile eningizimu yezwe elisezansi emathafeni futhi ulwandle amanzi endaweni Gulf yoLwandle Laptev.

Inhloso esemqoka inhlangano kwaba ukuze alondoloze Taimyr Reserve, kanye ekutadisheni zemvelo entabeni futhi elisezansi imvelo kakhulu enyakatho ihlathi ezindaweni emhlabeni ezindaweni "Lukunsky" futhi "Ary-Mas". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ikhokhelwa lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela sendawo ezweni lethu - Goose Red breast - futhi labantu reindeer zasendle esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Muva nje, ngo-1995, ngosizo UNESCO MAB reserve Taimyr unikezwa isimo uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli. Isebenzisa Ethnography futhi Natural History Museum. Noma ungathola lokujwayela iqoqo zomdabu zokuphila namasiko izinto izizwe insimu, kanye nemibukiso enikelwe ubunjalo yale nhlonhlo, futhi kukhona iqoqo kwezazi.