Ngezinye, e, ku - bondzaweni ngesiNgisi: Ngokuvamile, umzimba, izibonelo

Bondzaweni sinendima ebalulekile ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Ngokungafani izilimi zokwenziwa (lokhu wayenezimvu Russian), lapho isilinganiso amabizo noma izabizwana kwamanye amazwi esashiwo ushintsho esimweni eziyimpumelelo ngezilimi zezibalo (kuhlanganise English), lo msebenzi wenziwa tandziso.

Uhlolojikelele

Ngesimo, kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu izaba ngokudedelana:

• Simple: ukuba (ku), nge (azungeze, emhlabeni, emhlabeni, eceleni), (a), (c).
• Inxanxathela - ezakhiwe esebenzisa unezela amagama: phezu (at), ku (a), lonke (ngokusebenzisa), ngaphakathi (e ngaphakathi).
• Composite - namatemu kukhona inhlanganisela izingxenye ezithile inkulumo nenyunyana noma benze sengathi ilula: Kepha (mayelana), ngenxa (ngenxa), uma (a icala), phambi (ngaphambi).

bondzaweni Iningi inezincazelo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, i-ukuqonda okunembile nencazelo yalesi noma ibinzana kubalulekile ukucabangela umongo. Ngokulandelayo, imininingwane ukusetshenziswa ezahlukene bondzaweni elula, futhi ku.

Ukumaka isikhathi

Uma kukhona inkulumo mayelana izinsuku ngesonto, ngenyanga, usuku noma izinsuku, ngesikhathi, e, ku - bondzaweni, okuyinto kufanele kubhekwe ngokucophelela. Ngokuvamile ukuba babe nezinkinga lapho ehumusha, njengoba okulingana isiRashiya ezimweni ezahlukene sikhonze iyunithi efanayo lucebe. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "e" lihunyushwa isiZulu ngetindlela letehlukene: eneminyaka engu-17 - eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-17, ngoLwesihlanu - ngoLwesihlanu, ngo-Ephreli - ngo-Ephreli. Ngokulandelayo, okungenhla isabizwana ngasinye idingidwa esimeningcondvo isikhathi.

Ngezinye esetshenziswa:

1. Lapho wokugubha isikhathi. Ukuphendula umbuzo (Ngezinye) ngasiphi isikhathi? - lapho, ngasiphi isikhathi. (Lapha, esikhundleni isabizwana, isihlokwana isetshenziswa uphawu tilde ~).

• ~ 5 ezimpondweni - amahora 5;
• ~ Lunch kwesikhathi - ngesikhathi sekhefu;
• ~ Midnight - phakathi kwamabili.

2. Uma sikhuluma ngamaholide:

• ~ Christmas - Christmas;
• ~ Easter - Easter;
• ~ Ngempelasonto - ngezimpelasonto.

3. isiqalo ekupheleni isikhathi noma kwenkathi ethile (ngenyanga, ngonyaka):

• ~ Ukuqala Meyi - ekucaleni May;
• ~ Ukuphela konyaka - ekupheleni konyaka.

Qaphela: Kukhona isisho ekugcineni, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "ekugcineni," "ekugcineni", "ekugcineni".

4. emabintana amaningi (uma sikhuluma okwamanje, ngobudala, isikhathi sakusihlwa, njll ...):

• ~ Okwamanje - okwamanje;
• ~ Yethula - ngesikhathi samanje;
• ~ Yobudala 20 - 20 ubudala;
• ~ I esifanayo - ngesikhathi esifanayo;
• ~ Breakfast - ibhulakufesi.

Ngo isetshenziswa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. Inyanga:

• ~ Januwari - ngoJanuwari;
• ~ Meyi - ngoMeyi.

2. Four Seasons:

• ~ (I) ehlobo - ehlobo;
• ~ (I) ebusika - ebusika.

3 iminyaka, emakhulwini eminyaka, kwezinkathi:

• ~ 1995 - 1995;
• ~ In the 1980 - kule '80s;
• ~ Ekhulwini le-17 - ngekhulu le-17;
• ~ I Ephakathi - Ephakathi.

4. ukuqokwa isikhathi esithile esikhathini esizayo. On the translation Russian kwegama elithi "ngokusebenzisa", "i-":

• ~ A imizuzu embalwa - imizuzu embalwa;
• ~ Kwesonto - ngesonto;
• ~ Izinyanga Seven - 7 izinyanga;
• ~ Amaviki amathathu - 3 amaviki.

5. isikhathi sosuku, ngaphandle kobusuku (ebusuku / phakathi kwamabili):

• ~ I ekuseni - ekuseni;
• ~ Ngobusuku - ebusuku.

On isetshenziswa uma ufuna abonisa:

1. Izinsuku:

• ~ 15 April - 15 Apreli;
• ~ 3rd August - 3rd August.

2. Emalanga eliviki:

• ~ NgoMsombuluko - ngoMsombuluko;
• ~ NgoLwesithathu - ngoLwesithathu;
• ~ NgoMgqibelo ekuseni - ngoMgqibelo ekuseni.

Kwezinye izimo, le bondzaweni azisetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuhlanganyela igama elilandelayo nezokugcina:

• elilandelayo ehlobo - ehlobo elilandelayo;
• ngesonto eledlule - ngesonto eledlule.

bondzaweni lendawo

Ngaphezu ekubizweni sikhathi, e, ku - bondzaweni, nayo asetshenziswa lapho ecacisa indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukubuyekeza imininingwane zonke embodiments zisebenzisa.

Ngezinye isicelo ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho kuziwa kusondelana isikhala iyiphi into. Ayikho uzakwabo ngqo e isiRashiya. Ilingana ukuhumusha zingakhiqiza alamagama ezilandelayo, kuye ngomongo: e, eduze, ngesikhathi, ku. Eminye imininingwane:

1. A lokuma ethize, eduze lapho into ibekwe:

• ~ I umnyango, window, amarobhothi - eduze komnyango, amafasitela kanye izibani.

2. Isikhundla ekupheleni emkhathini:

• ~ Ukuphela mgwaqo - ekupheleni komgwaqo;
• ~ Phezulu, phansi - ngaphezulu, wehlele phansi.

3. Into sihlotshaniswa into, indawo, nokunye D..:

• ~ Ikhaya, umsebenzi, inyuvesi - ekhaya, emsebenzini, kule nyuvesi;
• ~ Isiteshi, sebhasi - esiteshini sesitimela, sebhasi.

4. Uma sikhuluma nabantu:

• ~ Endlini yakhe, Ann (indlu) - ekhaya lakhe, u-Anna,
• ~ Yathishela - thishela.

5. Imicimbi:

• ~ Ikhonsathi classical - kwi ekhonsathini classical;
• ~ A party - ephathini.

Ku: nencazelo eyisisekelo "ukuze", "phakathi". Kodwa kwenkululeko ukusetshenziswa kwaleli gama Kuthi ebanzi.

1. Ngaphakathi emagcekeni noma iyiphi enye into, endaweni, okuyinto kunemingcele:

• ~ A esitolo sezincwadi - ku esitolo sezincwadi;
• ~ A pool - echibini;
• ~ Umbhede - embhedeni;
• ~ Ephaketheni wami - ephaketheni lami.

2. izingxenye zomhlaba:

• ~ I eningizimu, empumalanga, entshonalanga - entshonalanga, empumalanga, eningizimu.

3. Imvelo:

• ~ Isibhakabhaka - esibhakabhakeni;
• ~ Izwe lonke - emhlabeni.

4. Izinkomba noma iyiphi imithombo ezinyathelisiwe, kanye isithombe:

• ~ Incwadi, iphephandaba, incwadi - encwadini, iphephandaba, incwadi;
• ~ Lesi sithombe, isithombe - kulesi sithombe esithombeni.

5. Isimo endaweni, uma kuziwa phakathi, isikhungo:

• ~ I maphakathi / maphakathi - phakathi / isikhungo.

On: translation ezivamile ku Russian - isabizwana "ku":

1. Ukukhomba indawo into phezu kwanoma iyiphi inkomba iphuzu ukuxhumana into:

• ~ I odongeni, ophahleni, phansi kwetafula - odongeni, ophahleni, phansi etafuleni;
• ~ Beach - ogwini;
• ~ I motor-ibhayisikili, ibhayisikili - isithuthuthu, ibhayisikili.

2. Uma sikhuluma izingxenye zomzimba:

• ~ Face, ikhanda, umunwe - ebusweni, ikhanda, umunwe.

3. yezokuthutha umphakathi:

• ~ A ibhasi, umkhumbi, indiza, Steamboat - ngebhasi, isikebhe, indiza, isikebhe.

4. Phansi:

• ~ I phasi - Esitezi;
• ~ I esitezi sesithathu - sesine.

Qaphela: E-UK kanye namanye amazwe okuthiwa ephansi phasi. Ilihumusha isiZulu njengoba elisezansi. Ngakho, yini esiyifundile ukuba esitezi sesibili, English kuzohumushwa njengoba esitezi sokuqala nokunye. D. uhlelo US notation liyalingana izibuya yethu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhunyushwa kufanele ukuqaphela ukuthi izwe mbuzo.

5. Ukuqokwa isiqondiso endleleni:

• ~ Indlela yakhe - endleleni yakhe;
• ~ Indlela esuka ... ku ... - endleleni esuka ... ukuze;
• ~ Indlela ekhaya - endleleni ekhaya.

Okunye Ukusebenzisa

Lesigaba sichaza ezinye izimo lapho ukusetshenziswa tandziso e, nganoma, ku. Ngokuvamile ukusetshenziswa kwabo awugcini ngesikhathi esimisiwe nendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho embodiments ezibhekwa esifana ngakho izibonelo.

Ngezinye:

1. yekuhambisa sandla, isinyathelo:

• Yini ikati lakho ngifuna ~? - Yini ikati lakho ngifuna?
• Musa ukuhleka ~ kimi. - Musa zingihleka.
• Wajika itshe ~ kuye. - Wajika itshe kuye.
• Ikati lami wagijima ~ igundane. - Ikati lami wagxumela phezu igundane.
• Wamamatheka ~ kimi. - Yena ngamamatheka kimi.

2. Ukuvelela, isikhundla umsebenzi:

• Ngingu kanzima ~ umsebenzi wami. - mina aphikelele emsebenzini.
• Ngisebenza kakhulu ~ Spanish yami. - mina ebesizisebenza ekutadisheni Spanish.
• umkhumbi wabo ~ ihange. - umkhumbi wabo at ihange.

3. Isizathu isizathu:

• Thishela yayijabulela impendulo yakhe ~. - Othisha basutha nge impendulo yakhe.
• Muhle uthukuthele ~ yini udadewabo wathi. - Wayethukuthele ngenxa yokuthi udadewabo wathi.
• inja yakhe yabulawa bethukile ~ umsindo. - inja yakhe yethuswa umsindo.
• Ngakwenza ~ isicelo yathishela wami. - Ngakwenza ngesicelo uthisha wakhe.

4. Amanani:

• Ngiye wathenga lezi apula ~ amadola amathathu ikhilogremu. - Ngathenga apula ngamaRandi ezintathu kilogram per.

Ngo:

1. Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe izimo:

• Kwakumelwe ~ ingozi. - Bona baba sengozini ekulu.
• Ngihlale ~ ajabule. - Ngihlale ajabule.
• Uyise kuthi ~ impilo enhle. - Uyise kahle.
• Nanguya ~ uthando naye. - Uneminyaka othandweni naye.

2. Ifomu, ukubukeka, Ukwakheka:

• Lokhu inoveli yakudala ~ imiqulu emibili. - Le noveli zakudala imiqulu emibili.
• Ubisi wadayiswa ~ amabhodlela. - Ubisi edayiswa amabhodlela.

3. Imbangela, inhloso, isizathu:

• Waya ekhaya ~ ithemba ukuhlangana nabangane bakhe lapho. - Yena wahamba ekhaya, ethemba hlangabeza abangane babo lapho.
• Uthe ~ impendulo. - Uthe lokhu ephendula.

On:

1. isihloko sengxoxo lento:

• Izinkulumo Uprofesa ~ Chopin. - Lo profesa enikeza inkulumo mayelana Chopin.
• Ngifisa ukuhalalisela nawe ~ empumelelweni yakho. - Ngifisa ukuhalalisela nawe ku empumelelweni yakho.

2. Isimo inqubo:

• indlu yakhe yayiseceleni ~ umlilo. - indlu yakhe kwaba ngomlilo.

inkulumo esitebeleni

Ngezinye, e, ku - bondzaweni, okuyiwona ayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu inhlanganisela eziningi esitebeleni. Inkulumo enjalo - kuyinto indivisible amayunithi semantic. Ubunzima main amazwi anjengokuthi wukuthi ukuhunyushwa igama ngalinye ngokuvamile akubonisi inani lonke ibinzana, ngakho kufanele kube lula ukuwakhumbula.

ngesikhathi	e	ku
~ Zonke - wonkana, ngokuvamile; ~ Noma yimuphi izinga - okungenani (Noma yimuphi) icala; ~ Kuhle - okungcono; ~ Iningi - kunazo zonke; ~ Uma - ngokushesha; ~ Ukuthula - ukuthula, kuphela; ~ Times - ngezinye izikhathi, ngezikhathi ezithile; ~ Kugcine - ekugcineni; ~ Kancane - at (Lesser) ngokwezinga.	~ Ngokuhambisana - ngokuhambisana; ~ Advance - kusengaphambili, kusengaphambili; ~ Sendlela - e kunjalo; ~ Uphambi - phambi; ~ Love - uthando; ~ Naphezu - naphezu; ~ Isikhathi - ngesikhathi.	~ Eshibhile - I- ezishibhile; ~ Duty - ngesikhathi okuthunyelwe; ~ Fire - emlilweni; ~ Guard - Unogada, labaqaphi; ~ Hand - e kulahlwa ezandleni zakhe; ~ Injongo - ngenhloso, ikakhulukazi; ~ Strike - esitelekeni, abashona ngesikhathi kuqhubeka isiteleka.

Tandziso, ezinkolweni, ku: umzimba ngezimpendulo

Lapho eseyinsizwa efundela ezomthetho olunye ulimi, noma iyiphi impahla entsha emsebenzini kuyinto efiselekayo practice. Buciko umzimba kuzosiza ukukhomba izikhala ulwazi futhi ubonise ukuthi yini izihloko kudingeka utadishe olwengeziwe.

Umsebenti 1. Gcwalisa izikhala, ilungelo ukubeka bondzaweni ngesiNgisi:

1. Tom uhlala ... elisezansi.
2. Ngabona cat ... esangweni.
3. Ugogo waya ... phakathi kwamabili.
4. Waba ezidumile ... the 1920.
5. Inkambo iqala ... 9 Januwari.

Isabelo 2. Humusha isiZulu, unikezwa ukusetshenziswa ngokufanele bondzaweni ngesikhathi, e, ku:

1. Ngathi ukumbona ngoMsombuluko odlule.
2. Ngibona zezulu.
3. Ngizofika ukufunda iSpanishi isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.
4. Ngabe elihlekayo?
5. Musa bahlale phansi otshanini.

Impendulo 1:

• at - 2, 3.
• e - 4.
• ku - 1, 5.

Impendulo 2:

1. Ngathi ukumbona ngoMsombuluko odlule.
2. Ngibona izinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni.
3. Ngizofika ukufunda iSpanishi ngonyaka.
4. Ngabe hleka?
5. Musa bahlale phansi otshanini.

Ngezinye, e, ku - bondzaweni, kulula ukukhumbula. Nokho, ukuze kube nokuxhumana siyadingeka ukutadishwa izihloko nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Omunye izinkingana ezivamile esivela zifiki - yisifiso ukuhumusha le nkulumo isiZulu, eqondiswa logic of the ulimi lwendabuko. Okungukuthi, ngokwezwi nezwi. Ukuze kuqedwe lokhu ethile, kubalulekile ukufunda ukucabanga ngezindlela ezintsha. Ufunda noma iluphi ulimi angaphandle - is hhayi nje ngekhanda silulumagama kanye neluhlelo lwelulwimi imithetho. Lena uhlelo olusha yokucabanga kanye nokunikeza ulwazi lapho udinga ukujwayela.