Mig-31BM: Ukucaciswa. MIG-31: kunazo zonke izici

Mig-31BM iyona omunye enemisebenzi kakhulu fighter-interceptors emhlabeni. Esikhathini nokuqoshwa ngamazwe indiza leSupersonic ngokuthi Foxhound, okusho "impungushe hound." Asikwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi MIG-31 - the best kuzo zonke izindlela. It lenziwe ngendlela yokuba libone futhi abhubhise isitha emachibini kakhulu, kuzo zonke izimo.

Indaba

I "MIG-31BM" lithole imvume kuphela ngeminyaka yawo-1970. Ngaphambi kwalokho, eminyakeni eminingana ukudala Strike Fighter MIG-31 nge best onjiniyela lempi eSoviet Union ngaphansi kobuholi A. Chumachenko. Kusukela ngo-1975, lapho umsebenzi eliholwa K. UVasil. Emahlombe akhe ungababaleli kuphela ukuthuthukisa imiqondo kwendiza leSupersonic, kodwa ukuhlolwa yayo.

Ekuqaleni, fighter-Interceptor MIG-31BM kungenzeka hit okuhloswe ngesikhathi sasemini. Kancane kancane, imishini navigation yaphelela. Entwasahlobo ka-1976 kwanqunywa ukuba nekwetfula luhlelo e izindiza ephelele iqoqo kokulandela entsha electronic. Ngenxa yalesi enwetshiwe futhi ukulwa fighter amakhono. Ngakho, ebhodini kwaba radar nge-antenna ikhishiwe.

Le ndiza yayakhiwe a "Ngohlelo", okungukuthi, amatilosi kwadingeka ukuba abantu ababili kuphela. On the iflaya okuphiniwe ukuzanywa imisebenzi, kanye itilosi - ukusebenza kwedatha tekusebenta. I yimpumelelo test ibhanoyi lokuqala okwenzeka ngasekupheleni 1978, futhi kamuva nengxenye, isinqumo uhulumeni we-USSR, waphela.

umehluko Isici uchungechunge

Mig-31BM inezici esiwuphawu ezibalulekile eziningana original MIG-31. Ikakhulukazi le kusebenza ugibelile radar eziyinkimbinkimbi. Nale imishini uyakwazi ukuthola abasemkhunjini imizuzwana-24 okuhloswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesithathu yazo kungenziwa ehlaselwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Futhi ziqokonyiswe MIG-31BM Ukucaciswa eziphathelene ukuvikelwa anti-emisebeni. Kuhlanganisa ezifana missile iziqhumane njengoba 25MPU-X, X-29T, 31P-X nabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zayo yochungechunge kungenziwa ngcono zihlanganisa laser uhlelo isiqondiso. A kwelungiselelo elikhethekile wamadokodo lwakhiwe for induduzo crew. Manje umshayeli uyakwazi ukuthola ulwazi ngesikhathi esifanele mayelana ukuqeqeshwa wezindlela. Ngasekuqaleni, umlawuli ukuthi yini eyenza wakhe osebenza umshayeli. Ukuze aqaphe isimo ifakwe abanikeze asebenza nabo multifunction kokubuka diagonal 10 amasentimitha. Navigator, yena, wabangela ukuba ithuba ukubonisa idatha radar.

ukuklama othanda ukulwa

31BM imodeli glider yasungulwa ngesisekelo MIG-25. Uma kuhlelelwa a ukunakekelwa okukhethekile sakhokhwa umzimba ukuthi uyakwazi ukumelana umthwalo ephakamisa 25% ngaphezu inguqulo yangaphambilini. Igobolondo siqukethe 50% steel, 33% ephezulu amandla aluminium ingxubevange futhi 13% titanium. Rocket isiqalisi isigamu ilungiswe izindlu.

Ngo-MIG-31BM injini lobuchwepheshe izici iyefana prototypes we Tu-134. Sikhuluma injini D-30F6, olwakhiwa 1979. Lokhu enamandla, izinjini Modular nge umlomo wombhobho kanye afterburner. Ngo indlela fighter ukuqala "labadubuli ithrekhi." Vibrogorenie aqede ngokuzenzakalela ngalendoda ngokuhlanganyela. Izinjini benziwa titanium, iron ne-nickel.

radar Izici

Mig-31BM - multirole fighter aircraft we isizukulwane esisha. Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko phezu radar isitha sikhona yonke indawo, esakhiwa ezimbili nje uhlelo yesimanje. Yabizwa ngokuthi "Barrier". It wafakwa isevisi ngo-1981. Uhlelo uyakwazi ukuthola target phansi nge Amathuba isiphambeko 0.5% at ibanga km 200. Ububanzi ukubonakala ezisemoyeni 35 km. "Barrier" kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba kanyekanye ukuhlasela iziteshi 8. Fighter uyakwazi ishaya okuqondisiwe ku "loop efile".

radar engeziwe "Barrier-M" wangenela inkonzo ngo-2008. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuthola flying izinjongo kuze kufinyelele 320 km 290 km kuya ukunqotshwa. Okwamanje, lezi zici kungekho ukulwa oyedwa emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Barrier-M 'esishunyekiwe teplopelengator 8TP uyakwazi ukuthola target bukhoma 56 km kahle ngisho nasesimweni esingesihle sezulu.

Iphakethe kuhlanganisa uhlelo digital nokugxambukela amasosha omzimba MIG-31.

Incazelo: The izici ukusebenza

Ubude okufushane 31BM fighter kuyinto 21.6 m eyiminyaka 13.5 m. IMisa apharathasi leSupersonic kuyinto amathani 21,8. Isisindo esiphezulu uma ithwele umthwalo omningi -. Ukuze 47 amathani umthamo isamba amathangi ka 17.000 amalitha nophethiloli. Inani injini saliphosa afterburner kuyinto 31.000 kgf. Umbundu esiphezulu ukuze overload tekusebenta - 5G. Shono abaningi "eziqinile" wokulwa ezweni Yileso MIG-31BM.

izici Technical imishini ugibelile uvumela ukufinyelela leSupersonic isivinini Interceptor okuvimbelayo 3,000 km / h. Kulesi ukusheshisa sihamba elilingana 2,500 km / h. Ngaphandle refueling fighter uyakwazi fly ibanga u 3000 km. Ceiling ukuphakama - 20,5 km. Isikhathi esimaphakathi indiza ngaphandle refueling kuyinto amahora 3.3.

izici izingalo

Ngo kokuqeda MIG-31BM has 23-milimitha inganono mnogosnaryadnaya Series GS-6-23M, nezikhali ezicitshwayo guided R-33, P-40T, R-60 futhi R-60M. Kuyaphawuleka ukufakwa ngesilinganiso GSH-6-23M. Kukithi 80 imizuliswano ngomzuzu.

Missile Systems 6 wahlela iziphanyeko. Plus i ezengeziwe amaphuzu ezimbili FMB. ukumiswa Anchored ngokulinganayo emzimbeni namaphiko. ukufakwa nesigubhu abandakanye 4 rocket ka lesion esikhulu naphakathi-range. I ithuthukiswe uhlelo onobuhle babe SD P-77 nge 4 projectiles. Fighter kwezikhali ivumela izisebenzi hit okuhloswe ngobuciko eliphezulu kokubili emhlabathini emoyeni. Ukuqhunyiswa Kwenziwa laser navigation. isisindo esikhulu sebhodi Inkokhelo Imininingwane - amathani 9.

ukulungiswa yafuna

Kusukela ekuqaleni kokusebenza kwe-"MIG-31" Kwafika ukukhanyisa inqwaba okuhlukile indiza. Ethandwa kakhulu zalezi kwaba MIG-31BM. Lokhu Interceptor esisetshenziselwa leSupersonic uyakwazi hhayi kuphela ukuhlasela okuhloswe ngaso uhla olude, kodwa futhi ukuhlola sibonga radar ihlanganiswe yesizukulwane esisha. Analogue okufushane Esenziwe Lula kuyinto MIG-31B.

izinhlamvu Model "D" no "mina" zenzelwe ukuqalisa amafoni satellite encane. Mig-31LL kuyinto emoyeni laboratory. Fighter 31M ikhuphukile izingalo kanye ukucindezelwa kwakuvame ukusetshenziswa njengezaba webhomu. Model "PV" futhi "E" kukhona Izinketho zokuthumela.

fighter Isicelo

isizukulwane MIG-31 kwakuhloselwe esikhundleni inguqulo ephelelwe yisikhathi Tu-128 futhi Su-15. Ekwindla ka-1984, ningatholakala efika kule ndawo ye -Soviet Air Force esiqhingini Sakhalin. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10 esele eRussia ayehlaselwa kunamasonto angaba amakhulu amathathu interceptors. Kuyinto lezi imishini ezinamaphiko elawulwa emoyeni ngesikhathi sesibili Chechen impi. Ngo-2014, uhulumeni usenqume uthuthukise zonke ezikhona phakathi kwababusi MIG-31. Kulindeleke ukuthi eminyakeni 5-6 zonke imodeli uchungechunge ubudala izothuthukiselwa ku MIG-31BM.

Kuze kube manje, fighters esetshenziswa ukuhlola.

Njengoba besekela futhi ukuthekelisa

Ngo-MIG-31BM Ukucaciswa, ngokoqobo kungamangalisa. Yingakho lezi fighters njengoba funa kwamanye amazwe. Noma kunjalo, iningi amadivayisi ungaphakathi indawo Russian Air Force.

Kuze kube manje, 31BM imodeli kusekelwe 6 airfields lempi. Iningi lawo abantu e Elizovo - amayunithi 30. Ukulandela kukhona Borisovsky Khotilovo isizinda (24 nama-PC.) Futhi engeli central (14 nama-PC.).

Izwe ehamba phambili kokuqukethwe ukuthekelisa MIG-31 kuyinto Kazakhstan. Ngezinye Karaganda sezindiza njengengxenye base 610 th 33 fighter.