Manyolo organic: izinhlobo kanye nezici zabo. Ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo organic

Kanjani emhlabeni ethuthuka ezolimo, abantu efanayo manyolo organic zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza yenala. Izinhlobo kanye nezici zabo kumele kunakwe lapho usebenzisa, njengoba ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu. Abanye abantu badinga ukwenza umhlabathi ekwindla, omunye ngesikhathi betshala futhi abanye nayo yonke inkathi yokulima. Inani engokwemvelo itholakala imiphumela yayo ezuzisayo phezu isimo izitshalo, e ngcono umhlabathi, ukwandisa ezithela futhi izindleko ongaphakeme, ngoba kungaba ukupheka njalo umlimi ensimini yakhe yangasese.

Umanyolo Organic: ukuthi kuyini

ngokushesha Abantu abaningi bathi, Bathi le umanyolo. Impendulo ilungile, kodwa akuphelele, ngoba manyolo organic kukhona indle yabantu nezilwane, kanye imfucuza kwezomnotho ngisho zezimboni, okuyizinto ezidingekayo sokuthuthukisa material plant ngesimo organic compounds. Lezi zihlanganisa:

- umquba;

- inyoni droppings;

- indle;

- yl;

- udoti ukhuni ukucutshungulwa izitshalo (sawdust, amagxolo, nokunye okunjalo);

- Peat;

- isitshalo umquba oluhlaza;

- umquba;

- umlotha;

- bone kokudla;

- humus;

- kuyindaba enzima organic.

amakhemikhali ukwakheka

Njengoba ungase ubone ngenhla Kulolu hlu olungenhla, kukhona ezihlukahlukene manyolo organic. Izinhlobo kanye izici ikakhulukazi incike umthombo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-inqubo ukukhiqizwa umquba. Kunoma yikuphi wabo aqukethe:

- nitrogen;

- potassium;

- phosphorus;

- calcium;

- ekhethekile izidakamizwa organic (isici esibalulekile kakhulu ukuthi kuthuthukisa isakhiwo umhlabathi).

Umanyolo eziphilayo ngesilinganiso esincane zihlanganisa:

- amanzi;

- magnesium;

- sulfurous acid;

- silicic acid;

- oxides of izinsimbi ezithile kanye nezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali.

Ake sihlole kabanzi, ukuthi kuphi nokuthi ingakanani eziqukethwe uhlobo Umanyolo eziphilayo ngamunye.

umquba

Lena Umanyolo eziwusizo kakhulu Kayisilutho ngaphandle indle yezilwane ezifuywayo, ngaphandle amakati nezinja. Kuye uhlobo izilwane ethola ezahlukene Ukwakheka manyolo organic. Izinhlobo kanye nezici zabo futhi ancike isigaba ohlelweni ukupheka, okuyizinto lokhu okulandelayo:

- umquba fresh (kuphela ekwindla, emva umhlabathi eshayisa ngqo);

- polupereprevshy (utshani therein ibe mnyama, ihlukaniswe kalula zibe izicucu);

- rotted (iyunifomu mass amnyama);

- humus.

Ayanda esiteji umquba ukupheka, kulapho nje leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa isisindo salo, futhi kungcono ukubola udaba eziphilayo futhi ezithuthukisa.

Ayikho esingabalulekile kangako, u kwezinye udoti ekulungiseleleni le umquba.

I amakhemikhali ukwakheka umquba fresh (%) ku umucwana / Peat

isilwane	phosphorus	calcium	potassium	nitrogen	magnesium	Org.veschestvo	amanzi
Coney	0.28 / 0.25	0.21 / 0.44	0.63 / 0.53	0.58 / 0.8	0.14 / 0	24.5 / 0	71.3 / 67
izinkomo	0.23 / 0.22	0.4 / 2.4	0.5 / esingaphansi 0,48	0.45 / 0.6	0.11 / -	20.3 / 0	77.3 / 77.5
izingulube	0,19	0.18	0.6	0.65	mayelana 0.04	25	72,4
Izimbuzi nezimvu	0,23	0.33	0.67	0.83	0.18	31,8	46.6

Njengoba ungase ubone etafuleni, ngo umquba ingulube calcium kancane kakhulu ngakho lime sengezwe nalokho.

Kuyinto Umanyolo omuhle kanye umquba kusuka onogwaja. Kodwa kusukela nutria ingasetshenziswa umquba rotted kuphela noma uyengeze umquba.

isitoreji Izindlela

Umquba ezilwaneni ezahlukene - okungukuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, umquba ahlukahlukene organic. Izinhlobo kanye nezici zabo ngqo incike indlela zigcinwa. Izindlela kungenzeka kanje:

1. nokupakisha Okuxekethile. Kusukela fresh umquba yinqwaba bakha kuya ku-3 m ububanzi 2 m ukuphakama, awubhekene. Nge indlela enjalo e kushe (t = +70 ° C) inqubo ukulungiselela kuthatha cishe 4-5 months okuyinto elahlekile kuze kube ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu mass yasekuqaleni.

2. nokupakisha obukhulu. Umquba fresh nenza isitaki efanayo e nokupakisha okuxekethile, kodwa umquba ngenkathi ngokuqinile tamped wamboza nge ifilimu moya. Ngo izitaki ezifana izinga lokushisa aliphumi ngenhla +35 ° C, ngisho ehlobo. Ukunwetshwa indlela ihlala izinyanga mayelana 7, futhi isisindo kokuqala ihluleke 1/10 ingxenye. ukustaka Okuwugqinsi - indlela efanele kunayo yonke-USB.

3. nokupakisha Okuxekethile ngophawu. Umquba fresh ukwenza iDemo isitaki okuxekethile engafika ku-3 m. Ngosuku lwesihlanu lwenqama, futhi inqwaba phezulu ungqimba entsha okuxekethile. Lokhu iyaphindwa kuze inqwaba ifinyelela amamitha amabili, ngemva kwalokho-ke embozwe ucwecwe. Ngokuphelele umquba rotted Ngakho kwakheka izinyanga 5.

Indlela yokufaka isicelo

Ukusetshenziswa umanyolo eziphilayo, ezifana umquba, unamaqhinga yayo kancane. Ngakho-ke, imibhede efudumele ekahle umquba wamahhashi, ngoba kwakukhona amanzi kancane. It wangcwatshwa umsele ekhethekile ukuyikhipha azungezwe we imibhede, nangemva isidingo iphele, ungawujikijeli enkundleni. On nenhlabathi ukukhanya balisebenzise kangcono umquba kusuka izinkomo, futhi esindayo - kusukela izimvu, izimbuzi namahhashi. Ukuze entwasahlobo ekwindla ishayisa inhlabathi noma polupereprevshy fresh futhi humus senziwa entwasahlobo. Uma Umanyolo incane, it is ifanelekile ukwenza hhayi yonke indawo, kodwa imithombo. Lapho ukutshala izihlahla iyasiza zonke imbobo ukwenza abafika kwabangu-10 kg humus.

Okubalulekile! Ayikho awukwazi ukwenza umquba fresh ngaphansi kwanoma yimuphi isiko. It sizokwabela ammonia, okuyinto elimaza simila. imithetho avamile isicelo kukamanyolo alikho, ngoba zihlukile for isiko ngayinye futhi encike ngqo kwi izinga inhlabathi.

Ezitolo ungathola umquba akhiphe. Kuyinto futhi Umanyolo omuhle kakhulu, kodwa kuphela oluvuna izitshalo. Ukuze uthuthukise isimo kwenhlabathi, kuyize.

Umanyolo Liquid organic, izinhlobo izici zabo futhi

Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene umquba, ungenza ngokwakho, ngaphandle kokuchitha imali. Labo nethuba, basebenzisa umquba. Kungasetjenziswa ngefomu okuqinile, kodwa ungakwazi bambeke Umanyolo eziphilayo uketshezi - mullein futhi udaka. Kugcine okulungiselelwe ngokuthela amanzi sezinyawo izinkomo. Ukuyisebenzisela ngokuphelele iyiphi izitshalo efaka umquba, ngisho izimbali. Kulokhu ukuthatha ibhakede lamanzi 1 ilitha mullein. ke akudingekile ukulungiselela slurry. Kuyinto ingxenye umquba liquid. Ukuze umquba liquid infusions amakhambi, ngisho umchamo womuntu, kodwa okwengeziwe okungezansi.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali slurry (%)

slurry	nitrogen	umlotha	phosphorus	potassium	engokwemvelo	amanzi
izingxenye 100	0.15	1.07	0.01	0.49	0.7	98,2

Njengoba ungase ubone etafuleni, e cishe akekho kokukhulelwa phosphorus, ngakho ukungezwa ku superphosphate slurry (cishe 15 g ilitha).

udoti

Kukholakala ukuthi okungcono Umanyolo eziphilayo ethathwe umquba ngowamaphuphu nezinkukhu. sibi kancane kuka izinga imikhiqizo imfucuza goose kanye amadada.

Isitolo umquba wenkukhu kuyadingeka esitsheni avaliwe noma isibhakela ne Peat, utshani, sawdust, njengoba ngokushesha okukhulu ilahlekelwa nitrogen yayo ingxenye. Bird isetshenziselwa imifino efaka umquba, izihlahla, izihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla Ornamental nezimbali. Ngesimo okumsulwa awusebenzi neqhaza, njengoba ugcwalisa amanzi (1 okuyingxenye ebhakedeni oragniki yamanzi) futhi bagcizelele kuzinsuku ezingu-3. Khona-ke aphinde buhlanjululwe ngamanzi, ukuthatha 1 ingxenye ukumnika volumetric futhi 10 - amanzi.

indle yomuntu

Abanye abatshali alazi yini zilwane ezingavamile kukhona manyolo organic. Omunye wabo - nawe indle yethu. Ngaphambilini, le bokuphila imfucuza avundiswa konke, baze waqhubeka ukudayiswa. Manje lolu hlobo Umanyolo ingajwayelekile, nakuba kuba pheze okungcono. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi indle ibizwa ngokuthi ama-calories nje kuphela kodwa futhi umchamo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ofanele njengoba umquba. I ehilelekile kuphela - kuwo iyasha ngokuphazima kweso nitrogen, ngakho biomaterial kufanele ngokushesha eduze ngemuva kokwenza inhlabathi.

I chemical ukubunjwa indle (%)

isakhi	nitrogen	umlotha	phosphorus	potassium	Org. ikhemikhali	amanzi
indle	1.6	3.4	1.23	0.55	19.4	77,2
umchamo	1	1	0.15	0.18	4.2	94,8
ingxube	1.1	hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-1.3	0,23	0,22	5.7	93

Njengoba singabona kusukela etafuleni, sezinyawo uphelele ekuthuthukiseni izinga inhlabathi.

Yiqiniso, abalimi abaningi lalokhokulunga ukucabanga ngisho mayelana nokusetshenziswa indle yomuntu njengoba umquba. Labo abangabakaKristu lokhu abaqotho ngaphezulu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kukhona izindlela yokulungiselela engokwemvelo ezinjalo. Ukuze ususe i nephunga ezingemnandi, "impahla eluhlaza" kufanele bayeke nge Peat noma ezimweni ezibucayi, phansi ishidi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuhlela kusukela amahlamvu nezitshalo izinsalela umquba inqwaba ngongqimba ngokubeka indle kuzo. Pereprevat banayo okungenani iminyaka engu-3.

Umchamo lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela Umanyolo ngqo. Ukuze izihlahla asikwazi buhlanjululwe. Ukuze ezinye izitshalo kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba alulaze ngamanzi esikhungweni isilinganiso okungenani 1: 4. Kuyasiza futhi uthele umchamo umquba izinqwaba.

Peat

On umbuzo: "Bekungumuntu onjani umquba - organic" Abaningi bayokuthi, "Peat". Kuyinkolelo eyamukelwa abaningi ikhangiswe, ke ngenkuthalo abathengisa zonke izitolo imbali, ke bavame ukusebenzisa balimi eziningi Izazi. Nokho, Peat akuyona izinto kangaka wusizo izitshalo zalisa bonke ngokungakhethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe wazi ukuthi kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene Peat ukuthi kuhluke kakhulu izinga.

Chemical Ukwakheka (%)

Peat uhlobo	potassium	calcium	umlotha	nitrogen	phosphorus
ehlanzeni	0.1 ukuze 0.25	ezingaphezu kuka-6	8 kuya ku-15	1.8 ukuze 3.3	0.1 ukuze 0.6
ogibele	0.1	esingaphansi 0.5	ngaphansi kuka-5	0.2 do1,6	0.12
inguqulelo	0.1	0.5 kuya ku-2.5	0.5 w0, 8	1.2 1.8	0.1

Njengoba singabona kusukela etafuleni, Peat, ikakhulukazi ezisezansi, kungcono ukusebenzisa nenhlabathi asidi. Sebenzisa zonke izinhlobo Peat badinga kuphela ngcono ikhwalithi nenhlabathi, ukulawulwa umswakama, kanye nekwakha eliphezulu umquba kanye amboza yimuphi kwezitshalo, kodwa hhayi ngenxa umquba.

sapropel

Ezinye izinhlobo manyolo organic ujwayelene kithi izinqubo spa e Spas. amachibi okunjalo yl, amachibi, amadamu amanzi emi, ngokuthi sapropel. Ikakhulukazi eziningi isetshenziswa ku Rostov esifundeni ngenxa nenqwaba Lake uNero. Sapropel, okuyinto yemifino kanye izidumbu zezilwane, kulondolozwe amadamu amashumi eminyaka. Ngalesi sikhathi it is kancane kancane ukubola, ekubeni Umanyolo eyigugu kakhulu organic, lapho eziningi i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-calcium ne-nitrogen 4-phinda kunaleyo umquba. Sebenzisa sapropel kungaba ithuthuke noma ukungezwa umquba. Ngaphambi kokungena ibe phansi kubalulekile pholisa, lokwela futhi promorozit ukuthi okuphume kuye zonke engadingekile izitshalo izinto.

Sawdust, amagxolo, ithambo sakusihlwa

Kukhona ezishibhile futhi ewusizo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinga inhlabathi Umanyolo eziphilayo. izinhlobo izici zabo futhi yilena elandelayo:

1. Sawdust. Basuke athambise kahle enhlabathini, uwenze ngcono umthamo wayo amanzi ebambe nomoya permeability, kodwa ukuncela nitrogen ke. sawdust asidi sezingeni eliphezulu (pH mayelana 3-4), ngakho ngaphambi kokwenza kubo zixutshwe ngomcako slaked nokumbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi noma nitrogen umquba kuphela. Ungase futhi moisten umchamo isilwane noma umquba liquid. Kungcono ukusebenzisa sawdust rotted noma uzengeze ehle ukwakha ivundela.

2. Drevessnaya amagxolo. Lokhu imfucuza ukhuni umkhakha isetshenziselwe ukudala umquba. Ngenxa yalesi amagxolo fresh ingumhlabathi, ayifake umgodi, engeza eziyinkimbinkimbi umquba amaminerali, moisturize. Umanyolo usulungile ngemva cishe isigamu ngonyaka, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho emgodini kufanele kube lokwela ngezikhathi amagxolo moisturize nokuqukethwe.

3. Bone Sakusihlwa. It is kunciphisa kahle asidi kwenhlabathi futhi ilungele namaxhaphozi. Ithambo ukudla has zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kanye fruiting izitshalo. Caveat kuphela - ukuyisebenzisa badinga kuphela ephansi fat (vaporized futhi omile).

umquba oluhlaza

Ukusetshenziswa Umanyolo eziphilayo ingase ihluke kakhulu kusukela izindlela ezichazwe ngenhla. Sikhuluma umquba oluhlaza - Izitshalo abahlwanyelwe ensimini ngaphambi kokutshala isivuno main noma ngemva kokuvuna. Lezi zihlanganisa sunflower, lwesinaphi, lupin, clover, ubhontshisi, i-oats, vetch, isithombo nezinye malichnaya yokuvuthwa amasiko anikeza eziningi mass oluhlaza. Ukusetshenziswa green umquba izitshalo kahle ngangokunokwenzeka phezu sandy nabampofu e humus nenhlabathi, kodwa kungajayezwa nganoma iyiphi inhlabathi. On okuqukethwe izakhi ewusizo manures green kucishe umquba. Ngokwesibonelo, lupin ngalinye 1 m ² inika isisindo eziluhlaza mayelana 4 kg. Ziqukethe okuyisilinganiso sabangu-18 g we-nitrogen, 4.8 g phosphorus, 6.8 g potassium, 19 g we-calcium, 4.8 amagremu magnesium. oluhlaza-manures ngesakhiwo Umanyolo ubuchwepheshe simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: emva evuna isivuno main enkundleni kutshalwe imbewu izitshalo akhethiwe (ezinye ungavele ufafaze enkundleni, omunye liyadingeka ezweni anemifantu), bazithela njengoba kudingekile, bese ulinda efihlekile, sika. mass Green kungenziwa ishayisa phansi, wafaka umquba imigodi, enika ifolishi. Ezinye umquba oluhlaza (lwesinaphi, uwoyela isithombo) ngaphandle umquba, ukusiza ukuba abhubhise amagciwane ke, ezifana impande ukubola, nematodes, nezinye okulimaza.

sembabazane

Uma ufuna zalisa umbhede encane imbali, ungenza enhle kakhulu Umanyolo sembabazane. cut wayo, ukubeka esitsheni futhi uthele amanzi. Ilungiselela Umanyolo sembabazane 3-5 izinsuku, ngesikhathi lapho okuqukethwe isitsha kufanele zixutshwe. Ukuze wanyamalala iphunga ezingemnandi, kungaba ukungezwa namahlumela kuyo le mpande of valerian, futhi enza umsebenzi usheshe, engeza isinkwa, imvubelo, ayabila. Umanyolo siphelile liyadingeka uhlobo nokusetshenziswa ngokungeza 1 ingxenye volumetric ntathu izingxenye 10 amanzi ayo.

umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi organic

Lona omunye the best, uhlobo ozinzile impela zikamanyolo, efanelekayo ukusuthisa izitshalo, futhi ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi enhlabathini. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo zezimboni ukukhiqizwa indlela biofermentation, anabamemezeli namachibi izakhi organic umoya-mpilo-atomic clock. Lokhu kukhipha lolu hlobo chemical amandla, okuyinto kakhulu ewusizo for izitshalo efanele, nezilwanyana ezincane. Khiqiza Umanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi organic kusuka umquba, sawdust, umquba, Peat kanye nemikhiqizo yemvelo ngendlela efanayo. izidakamizwa ethandwa kakhulu "ZHTSKKU" "Squeak", "KOUD", "Gumi-OMI" "Biohumus". Empeleni, bonke bangabafowabo kanzulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.