Lezi zincwadi engcono kukaStefanu King: ohlwini, ukukala, incazelo

Isihloko esithi "INkosi izinto ezesabekayo" Stiven King, incwadi enhle kunazo zonke zifana Thriller ngokwengqondo kuka umlobi horror amukela ngobuqotho. He is ekraniziruemy kakhulu futhi "kwande" Umbhali waseMelika ezimsebenzi akugcini nje abafundi, kodwa futhi izibukeli. Ngo-movie amaningi, he is a umbhali hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi umlingisi ngezikhathi ezithile. Njengoba Stiven beNkosi ngokwayo uyavuma, waba umlobi ngenxa ngokuvamile yini ingane uyagula, ngakho ukubhala phathelana wahlanganyela iminyaka engu-7.

i-curriculum vitae

Stiven King, izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu lapho zihlobene izindawo lapho ayehlala khona, kuvame ukubizwa Maine, lapho engazalelwa Septhemba 21, 1947 ku Portland.

Wayeneminyaka engu-2 kuphela ubudala lapho uyise wamshiya nonina nomfowethu omdala ukuze usinde kuphela. Ngenxa izihlobo eziningi kusukela kokubili umama kanye nobaba, nomfowabo uStefanu wayevame ukuchitha amaholide abo ezifundeni ezehlukene futhi amadolobha ukuthi ashiye uphawu lwawo kwimemori lomfana.

Ngakho, lapho ngineminyaka engu-7, lapho evakashele elinye anti, wathola ibhokisi amabhuku uhlobo eshaqisayo futhi yesayensi. Lezi zincwadi kuye kwagxila oluqinile ku-Steven waqala ukubhala izindaba sakhe sokuqala, futhi ngo-1959 ngisho eshicilelwe ephephandabeni nomfowabo "ophuzi ikhadi Dave."

Baby Craze predetermined King, ubani afuna ukuba. Nakuba izindaba zakhe kakhulu bambalwa abantu uyithayiphe ngalezo zinsuku, ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu ngo-1966 wangena University of Maine-Faculty of English izincwadi.

Waqhubeka ukubhala, kodwa amanoveli akhe Namanje asishicilelwa, ngakho ukukhokhela izifundo zakhe, wathola ke njalo efemini yendwangu, e umtapo enyuvesi. Kukulo muzi lapho wahlangana uThabitha ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi, owaba umkakhe 1971. Futhi namanje uhlala.

Ngenxa it zalotshwa encwadini engcono uStefanu King. Lapho wayiphonsa kudoti emakhasini ambalwa wokuqala inoveli yakhe "Carrie", uThabitha wabathola futhi waphoqelela ukuba indaba intombazane notorious ne amandla ngemilingo like abafundi.

Kwaba le noveli King ilethe enkazimulweni kuqala hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi imali yokuqala enkulu. Wathola imali engu- $ 200,000, ngakho wakwazi ukushiya befundisa futhi achithe isikhathi sakhe ukuze ngokubhala temibhalo yephrozi. Kusukela ngo-1974 futhi namuhla amabhuku engcono uStefanu King. Zibhaleni phansi kuhlanganisa amanoveli ezingaphezu kuka-50, izindaba ezingaphezu kuka-200 esifushane futhi amanoveli, futhi screenplays esekelwe imisebenzi yakhe.

Ngegalelo lakhe izincwadi American Stiven King ngithola indondo National Book Foundation, ngokuvamile unikelwa abalobi uhlobo classical.

"Carrie"

Iminyaka kusuka 1974 kuya ku-1980 - isikhathi wakwenza ngokuzimisela uma kakhulu wabhala futhi ishicilelwe Stiven King ncwadi, uhlu engcono zazo iholwa inoveli "Carrie."

"Carrie" baletha umlobi fabulous Imali isikhathi $ 200,000 ngenxa ithalente hhayi kuphela yakhe tetemibhalo, kodwa futhi indaba engavamile. Bonke abantu abacindezelwe eziyihlazo, kungakhathaliseki izingane noma abadala, horror zokugcina bemqinela esikoleni, kahle imizwa Intombazane okuthiwa Kerri Uayt.

Isifiso ukubulala izingane ofunda nazo noma babukise ngabo emuva siguqulelwa inhloko Carrie ku isinyathelo uma uthola amakhono Paranormal. Lokhu inoveli akakwazi ngokuthi umsebenzi eshaqisayo ngomqondo ongokoqobo yegama elithi, ngoba azikho izilo, eyayisekhanda lami kanye njengabafokazi nobutha. Umbhali wachitha ukuqonda ngokwengqondo we "abacindezelwe" Umama oshiseka balulazeke zasekilasini amantombazane zineminyaka nokuphindisela furies kuwo wonke umuntu. Lokhu kuletha romance ku esigabeni "Kuhle Izincwadi kukaStefanu Nkosi" lapho uhlobo Thriller. Hhayi lutho kulo msebenzi yathathwa ngo-1979, 2002 no-2013. Inguqulo yakamuva ngaso ibhokisi ngokuthi "telekinesis" ezaziwayo.

"The Shining"

Imisebenzi ezilotshwe esikhathini kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-1980 Stephen King - incwadi, uhlu the best of okuyizinto "The Shining", "Ukuxabana" futhi "The Dead Zone".

"The Shining" - indaba umlobi kokuba nezinkinga utshwala intukuthelo ukuphathwa.

Waletha nomkakhe nengane ehhotela entabeni, lapho athola khona umsebenzi wasesiqiwini kwesizini. Lapho izisebenzi ehhotela zonke ebusika kuze entwasahlobo eshiya eholidini, Torrance umndeni ishiywa wedwa, ukuthi uhlale khona akuzona izipoki ayinangozi. In the version lokuqala ifilimu, wadutshulwa 1980 yilo msebenzi, umlingiswa oyinhloko lolungenamaphutsa eyadlalwa Dzhek Nikolson.

"Abafileyo Zone"

Omunye izindikimba ozithandayo nombhali kukhona okwenziwa umuntu kwemvelo, okuyinto abazinikele izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu uStefanu King. Top namaqhawe, "onamakhono" isipho esinjalo noma isiqalekiso, uyaqhubeka ukubhuka umlingiswa oyinhloko "zone efile."

Dzhon Smit uthola isipho sakhe ngenxa yengozi ezaholela abangele ukulimala ebuchosheni. Ngenxa yalokho, uyena kuphela ubona imiphumela imisebenzi sezombusazwe ofuna nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuthi abe ngumengameli.

Ngo-1983, indima protagonist yencwadi kahle kudlalwa ngenkathi namanje novice, futhi manje ngaphansi ibhande lakhe izindima ezingaphezu kuka-100 Kristofer Uoken. Uyokwanelisa isifiso sabo iqhawe lakhe ukuzivumelanisa ukuphila okuvamile, amakhono anjalo futhi uzisebenzise ukuze kuzuze abantu, yilokhu kusenhliziyweni salendzaba.

Okokuqala Apocalypse kukaStefanu King

"Ukuxabana" - noveli yokuqala yinhlekelele, okuyinto akunakubangelwa esigabeni "Lezi zincwadi engcono kukaStefanu Nkosi" lapho lolu hlobo.

Phula khulula obulalayo umkhuhlane virus, ngokuthi uCaptain Skorokhod ngoba ukwehliswa okusheshayo ekufeni, okuholela ukushabalala iningi labantu American. Abantu asele zihlukaniswe amakamu amabili - abakholwa ubuhle futhi kudala ke, nalabo abayizitha ehilela okubi nalezo zinxushunxushu. Film kusekelwe le noveli, inezingxenye 4, ngalinye elikwazi - indaba nabalingiswa abasemqoka kanye nezehlakalo ezenzeka kubo.

Incwadi wakhiwe ngendlela efanayo. Ibonisa umlando ngayinye abalingiswa abasemqoka abazizwa ngayo, kokubili okuhle nokubi, kuholela ukuba akhethe, ahlala yimuphi ekamu.

Okuhle ukubona emaphusheni abo izimpumputhe owesifazane omnyama ubudala uhambe lapho utshela kuye. Abantu abampofu bamunye ngumuntu omnyama azinza e-Las Vegas. Survive is eyodwa kuphela iqembu labantu, le ngxabano phakathi kwabo sikhulela njalo.

Lokhu Thriller okukhulu egcwele ubuhlungu, ukwesaba, ukungabaza nokukhaphela linikeza isithombe sendlela abantu ziyashintsha ngaphansi ukucindezela izimo, futhi wokulwela ukuphila. Othile kubangcono naphezu kwako, futhi othile ahlahlele, ngoba kwenzeka.

Ukuzijwayeza yencwadi senzeka ngo-1994, ngemva kweminyaka engu-16 umkhiqizo athumba izinhliziyo abafundi.

80s Early - "Firestarter", "Cujo" futhi "kusho uChristina"

Lesi sikhathi kungenziwa ngokuthi omunye ukuyedlula, kodwa futhi kunzima kakhulu ekuphileni somlobi. Iqiniso lokuthi Stiven King, okungcono horror izincwadi ezalotshwa ngalesi sikhathi, wathwala okuningi away by utshwala nezidakamizwa. Craze waqala emuva ngeminyaka yoma, siye sakhula saba ubuhlobo bangempela, wadonsa kwaze kwaba 1987. Ngenxa ukuphikelela nesineke unkosikazi komlobi wakwazi ukubhekana nale nkinga, futhi manje yena engenzi baphuze utshwala nezidakamizwa.

NjengeNkosi yena uyavuma akabe esazikhumbula kanjani abanye amanoveli ephuma kuye kusukela esibayeni. Lokhu kuyinto eyinqaba, ngenxa yokuthi, ngokusho abafundi bakhe futhi baxgeki, kwaba Eighties babe izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu eyabhalwa uStefanu King.

• Scenic uhlu imisebenzi kulesi sikhathi noveli "Firestarter" (1980), lapho Stiven King ubuyela isihloko sakhe ozithandayo - amakhono amakhulu abantu. Le noveli liyichaza phakathi ohlelweni womuntu. Umdlali oyinhloko, ukubamba iqhaza ukuhlola imfihlo, uzuza ikhono ugqozi abanye abantu babecabanga. Phakathi nocwaningo Endi Makgi wahlangana isivivinyo egameni Vicki Tomlinson. Ngemva kokuphela ukuhlolwa bona base beshadile, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana saba nendodakazi nge amandla ngemilingo - telekinesis futhi Pyrokinesis. Office, ukufunda mayelana nemakhono amantombazane ufuna ukuyisebenzisela siqu izinjongo zabo zobugovu. Yonke inoveli Sizokwenza Ubaba angayisiza kude kangakanani ukuvikela ingane yakhe, futhi kudingeka ukuthi intombazane amakhono anjalo ayebanakekela.
• Le noveli "Cujo" (1981) lifakwa ezibalweni isilinganiso "Lezi zincwadi engcono kukaStefanu King" ekuqaleni '80s. Lokhu Thriller isitshela indaba umama nengane yakhe, owaba abathunjwa yenja uyahlanya. indaba okukhulu kakhulu nge isiphetho esibuhlungu akukuniki umfundi off izincwadi. Kwatholakala namandla ifilimu kule ncwadi, wathwebula 1983.
• Unyaka 1983 kwaphawulwa ukubukeka amanoveli ezimbili, owaziwa emphakathini. Lokhu "kusho uChristina" futhi "Pet Amathuna". Uma oyinhloko "villain" Owokuqala "Plymouth" endala igama Christina, yesibili iyona emikhosini yasendulo futhi izinkolelo ezisiza ukubuyela ezifuywayo ekuphileni. Bobabili amanoveli okudalwe futhi babeyigugu ayazise abayithandayo weNkosi.

Landela umsebenzi kombhali waba umngcele eslphambanweni emashumini. Babehumusha umsebenzi weNkosi esigabeni ezesabeka kakhulu, njengoba izikhonzi zabo akuhlobene izilo, usitshele izinto ezimbi abantu abangakwenza.

"Usizi"

Uma kubuzwa lo mbuzo ngalokho incwadi enhle kunazo uStefanu King, akungabazeki, efikayo engqondweni, "Usizi." Hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuba indaba, anikezelwe ngokweqile okungenamsoco umlingiswa oyinhloko maqondana umjikelezo amanoveli "Usizi" by umlobi odumile uPawulu Sheldon, kodwa futhi ngoba le inoveli "waphulukisa" nombhali we lo mkhuba.

Endzabeni umlingiswa oyinhloko usebenza ngesikhathi izimvula zeqhwa yokuwa ingozi eduze ekhaya of abayithandayo yakhe oshisekayo. Ngakho akakwazanga ukubaleka futhi wabhala ukuzidela okuqhubekayo Usizi, Heroine, lapho "ababulewe?" Encwadini yakhe yakamuva, umhlengikazi Enni Uilks umbhali ibhidliza.

Isiboshwa endlini yakhe, nezilima uPawulu lizama ukuthola indlela yokuphepha. amandla Ultimate, lapho umfundi kulo lonke inoveli, kuletha encwadini imisebenzi yesiteleka kakhulu "iNkosi Horror" inkathi 80s.

Uhlobo olufanayo kwaba ifilimu adutshulwe Bob uReiner ngo-1990, esiqintini le noveli.

Inoveli of the 90s

Stiven King, ukubuyekezwa imisebenzi kubafundi '80s kwakungamadodana nomdlandla kakhulu, hhayi kuphela e-US, uyaqhubeka ukugcina izilaleli ingaqiniseki ngokukhipha 90-yalolucwaningo amanoveli ezifana:

• "Izinto kuswelekile" - 1991.
• "Game Gerald sika" futhi "Dolores Claiborne" - 1992.
• "Insomnia" - 1994.
• "Rose madder" - 1995.
• "Lo Green Mile" futhi "Ithemba" - 1996.
• "Bag of Bones" - 1997.
• "The Girl Owayethanda Tom Gordon."

Amanoveli esivelele kunazo zonke kulesi sikhathi, ngokuvumelana baxgeki futhi abafundi, "The Green Mile" futhi "isikhwama lamathambo". Bobabili storylines zahlolelwa futhi wathola ukusabela okuhle kakhulu evela kubalandeli yomsebenzi lalobhalako, kepha uma ukhetha okungcono phakathi kwabo uStefanu King, simo 90 ngakwesokudla unika noveli yokuqala "Green Mile."

"Lo Green Mile"

Ngamunye iziboshwa beveza amasiko azo futhi amagama. It yayiphumula futhi endaweni yeziboshwa protagonist - Dzhona Koffi. Ijele ngokuthi "Cold Intaba" - isikhungo elibuhlungu, akusho ithemba ukuze best ezinhliziyweni iziboshwa.

Uhlamvu main ubekwe icala lobugebengu angawenzanga - kubulawe wamantombazane amabili angamawele. It is elinde isigwebo sokufa, futhi umbala oluhlaza phansi ekufeni irowu endaweni lokwahlulela actuation ngokuthi imayela oluhlaza.

Kwabaningi, lomgudu iDemo kubonakala ngempela emayela eside, kodwa hhayi i-hero, ukuba omlingo zokuphulukisa. Akakwenzanga kulokho enikwa isigwebo sokufa. Abafundi inoveli amabutho Uhlale ukhathazeka ukuphila kwalesi zingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu ezimnyama futhi igcina ingaqiniseki.

Le filimu, wadutshulwa 1999 ngale ndaba, isibe ngenye yezinkampani ezingcono kakhulu kwi-screen yakhiwe imisebenzi kukaStefanu King. Wathola 4 kuqokwe "Oscar", 3 "Saturn" umklomelo, abambalwa nezinye imiklomelo kanye 23 ukuqokwa kwakhe.

Uzungu - izinkumbulo ayengaphansi ejele unogada (Tom Hanks), ngubani uyasinda iminyaka yakhe umzali ekhaya lasebekhulile futhi abelana ngayekubonile umsebenzi ejele, "Cold Intaba" nomngane wakhe.

Njengoba inoveli ifilimu igcina abantu ingaqiniseki ngokwengqondo ukuthi abulibaleki ukuphila.

Imisebenzi kule nkulungwane entsha yeminyaka

Kusukela 2000 kuze kube namuhla ejabulisa abalandeli bayo ngemisebenzi esisha Stiven King. Amabhuku ahamba phambili kulesi sikhathi - "Dreamcatcher" futhi "Ngaphansi Dome" - okudalwe. Uma sikhuluma ukuhlukahluka lokusungula nombhali, akunakwenzeka ukuba miss izindaba zakhe, imijikelezo ngabanye nemisebenzi eshicilelwe ngaphansi mbumbulu Richard Bachman.

Indaba edume kunazo King wayibhalela lithathelwe ifilimu yomsebenzi wakhe, "noRita Hayworth kanye Redemption Shawshank." Ngokwenhlolo-vo ye-izibukeli, lokhu ifilimu ingumkhiqizo best of sonke isikhathi futhi zibalwa kuqala kule simo "250 amafilimu best ngokusho IMDb». Uzungu indaba indoda ngecala angawenzanga. Wayefanele ukusinda iminyaka engu-19 ejele ngaphambi kokukhishwa.

Phakathi imijikelezo ebaluleke kakhulu uStephen King - umsebenzi wakhe eside "Omnyama Tower", elihlanganisa ingxube fantasy, horror, futhi izakhi yesayensi ye Westerns. Anakho abalandeli bakhe abazinikele, manje ubani uzokwazi hhayi kuphela kabusha ufunde izahluko abawuthandayo, kodwa futhi ukubuka ukuqopha.

Ngaphansi mbumbulu weNkosi wabhala amanoveli eziyisikhombisa, ezimbili zazo, "Losing Weight" (1984) kanye "Umuntu Running" (1982) okudalwe.

Namuhla uStefanu King kwengu-67 ubudala, futhi Ngeke ayeke khona, noma njalo ngonyaka "uyesaba" abafundi bakhe ukuthi uma wobuciko wakhe kwaba sekugcineni.