Biography of Chingiz Aitmatov: umsebenzi, izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu, futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Namuhla sikhuluma omunye wabalobi edume kakhulu Soviet. Noma kunalokho, sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo biography of Chingiz Aitmatov. Igama lo mbhali esele sonke eyaziwa esikoleni, kodwa bambalwa abantu ukukhumbula ngokuphila kwakhe. Yingakho sibheka biography of umbhali, kanye inkulumo mayelana engcono yemisebenzi yakhe.

Biography of Chingiz Aitmatov

Umlobi wazalwa ngo Kyrgyzstan edolobhaneni elincane Sheker, okuyinto manje kungokwalabo Talas esifundeni, ngo-1928, ngo-December 12. igama likababa wakhe Torekul Aitmatov, he was fike of abalimi nokuqala inguquko uye wasekela ngenkuthalo lo Reds. Ngemva kumiswa uMkhandlu, waba isisebenzi party we Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, futhi kamuva isikhulu sikahulumeni esivelele. Nokho, waboshwa ngo-1937 bese esingu.

igama Umama Chingiz Toreklovicha Nagima Hamzievna, intombi igama Abdulaev. Ngu ubuzwe, wayengumhlali lwesiTatar. Ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet, wasebenza njengoba ibutho isisebenzi zezombusazwe, wabe eseba isibalo somphakathi. Umlobi esizayo futhi kwafika abafowethu nodade akhe akhulela edolobhaneni Sheker, lapho nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela nje kokuba uyise Chingiz waboshwa.

Institute futhi umkhiqizo wokuqala

Wathweswa iziqu ebangeni lesithupha Chingiz Aitmatov. Biography Kyrgyz ukhuluma kanjani ngemva le nsizwa wangena zootehnikum e Kawan (manje ebizwa ngokuthi Taraz), manje etholakala ensimini ka Kazakhstan. Khona-ke, ngo-1948, umlobi waya Frunze, lapho ngonyaka ofanayo engena Agricultural Institute, wathola iziqu ngo-1953. Khona-ke iminyaka emithathu wasebenza Research Institute Imfuyo wezilwane.

Ngisho esikhathini yokufunda Agricultural Institute Aitmatov waqala ukushicilela izindaba zakhe ngolimi Kyrgyz. Kuphela 1956 umbhali ithuba ukuya eMoscow sezincwadi izifundo, okuyinto wathola iziqu ngo-1958. Ngawo lowo nyaka yanyatheliswa ephephabhukwini indaba "Okthoba" Aitmatov sika "ubuso nobuso", okuyinto yahunyushwa kusukela Kyrgyz.

udumo

Biography of Chingiz Aitmatov (Kyrgyz ulimi kanye) igcwele lenqwaba izindaba eyanyatheliswa kuyi eqala umsebenzi wakhe. Kodwa umbhali udumo yangempela ilethe indaba "Jamila", eyanyatheliswa kumagazini "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha". It is kulo msebenzi uqala ukuvela umbhali temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ikakhulu: indissoluble Fusion izincazelo namasiko abantu nemvelo ngemdlalo okukhulu incazelo ubunjalo iqhawe lyrical.

Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo izincwadi, uqala ukusebenza njengoba intatheli Chingiz Torekulovich Aytmatov. Biography omlobi uyaqhubeka e Frunze, lapho aba umhleli walo magazini wendawo "Literary Kyrgyzstan". Khona-ke eminyakeni 60-80 wakhonza njengombonisi iPhini of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR kwaba uyisihambeli Party Congress, wayeyilungu ebhodini isihloko "iphephandaba Literary" futhi "INguqulo Yezwe Elisha". Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nalesi sikhathi Aitmatov kwaba kathathu ukhishwa ngenxa yemisebenzi yakhe eU.SSR State Prize. Futhi ngo-1963 ukuze iqoqo izindaba short "Tales ezintabeni futhi emaqeleni" waklonyeliswa Lenin Prize. Le ncwadi ihlanganisa imisebenzi ukutshela mayelana eziyinkimbinkimbi izimo ezingokwengqondo lapho abantu ngokuvamile awela asemaqaqasini yasemakhaya.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside umbhali wabhala kuphela ngolimi Kyrgyz, okufakazela biography of Chingiz Aitmatov. Ngo-Russian okokuqala kuphela 1965 idaliwe noveli "Usale kahle, Gulsary!", Ekuqaleni onegama "Ukufa pacer". Lo msebenzi wembula esinye futhi isici lonke zokudala Aitmatov sici - i isizinda amaqhawe, eyakhelwe izindikimba kanye motifs we Epos of Kyrgyzstan. Kamuva, izisusa basezinganekwaneni futhi lisezingeni okudaliwe etemibhalo nombhali yokuthola amandla.

Ngo-1973, Aitmatov seziqalile ukusetshenziswa wakhe njengoba umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini, co-wabhala play "lokunyuka kweNtaba Fuji." Ngokusho umkhiqizo yaseshashalazini "Contemporary" (eMoscow) kwaba ucezu embhedeni, eyayintula yimpumelelo enkulu nezethameli.

Ukuphela indlela

Kusukela 1988 kuya ku-1990, Aitmatov wakhonza njengephayona Umhleli oyinhloko "Foreign nezincwadi zokufunda." Khona-ke wasebenza iminyaka emine inxusa of Kyrgyzstan.

Chingiz Torekulovich wafa eNuremberg ngo-2008, ku-10 Juni. Kulesi umbhali encane German edolobheni aphathwa. Umlobi wangcwatshwa ngoJuni 14 e Bishkek ku zomlando eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo ngokuthi "Ata-Beit."

"Lijikeleziswe"

Biography amanoveli Chingiz Aitmatov sika abacebile ngokukhethekile. Empeleni, "lesikafula" - esingesesibili ngobukhulu umbhali wakhetha, eyakhishwa ngo-1986. Lo msebenzi uhlukaniswe waba izingxenye ezintathu. Kweyoku-1 no-2 uchaza Avdii Kallistratova okuyinto Deacon elifundile uyise. Boy baphoqeleka ukuba sihambe ezinyathelweni kayise, unjalo sabefundisi. Nokho, lapha yena ubhekene nezinselelo ezintsha - abapristi abaqondi imibono yakhe mayelana kukaNkulunkulu nebandla nalo isakhiwa.

Ingxenye yesithathu enikelwe ngokuphelele komunye iqhawe - Boston, okuyinto libhekene kwathatha bayo ngasese kwempahla sezenhlalo. Lapha izinkulumo kumbhali mayelana ebusa esikhathini zokungabi nabulungisa okwandile, ngokuphila kobukhulu kanye eziyinkimbinkimbi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu.

"Usuku Lihlala Kungaphezu Eminyakeni Eyikhulu ..."

Lena inoveli yokuqala eyalotshwa umlobi, okufakazela biography of Chingiz Aitmatov. Lo msebenzi wakhe wanyatheliswa ngo-1980 futhi unegama yesibili - "Buran stop". The hero main kule noveli baba Yedigei Cossack elula, osebenzela esiteshini, zicashile ezindabeni emaqeleni. Isiphetho le ndoda imvelo yakhe kwathinta ukuphila of lonke izwe: nokubacindezela pre-impi, iMpi Yezwe II, post-yimpi umsebenzi onzima, ukwakhiwa wocwaningo lwezindaba zenuzi test site. Izenzakalo noveli liqukethe izinhlelo ezimbili: izenzakalo ezenzeka emhlabathini emkhathini. Nezidalwa ezihlala kwamanye amaplanethi kungukuthi uyasala yokuthi kwenzekani kubantu.

"Spotted Inja Running ngesikhathi Edge Yasolwandle"

Lena indaba mayelana Kirisk umfana, eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo-kolwandle noyise, umdala clan futhi umzala wakhe. Empeleni, lo mfana lidlule emkhubeni yokuqalisa, ngemva kwalokho ngeke alufanelekele ungabizwa ngokuthi uyindoda. Qala ekuzingeleni kuphumelele, kodwa ngemva ababambanga uphawu lokuqala, isiphepho siqalile. Lapho bonke wazola phezu kolwandle phansi inkungu obukhulu njengomuzi ongangeneki. Umsebenzi wobuciko ligcwele izinganekwane kanye izinganekwane izizwe abahlala ogwini loLwandle Okhotsk.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Sibala amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo ezihlobene umlobi odumile:

• Ngo-1990, Aitmatov ke ilungu of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR wakhethwa ngoba isimemezelo inkulumo lokuphakamisa ngesikhathi kukhethwa uMikhail Gorbachev.
• ezithophayo kakhulu ku Kyrgyz umbhali Louis Aragon wathi.
• Udaba indondo uMklomelo KaNobel Aitmatov wavuswa nguhulumeni Turkish ngo-2008 kuphela izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa umbhali. Isisekelo ukuqokwa kwaba ukuthi Aitmatov ungumlobi ngobukhulu Turkic.
• Wahlela umngcwabo umbhali uqobo Kurmanbek Bakiyev, ubani owaba ngumongameli wase Kyrgyzstan.

umuntu Very interesting futhi isikhulu sikahulumeni esivelele kwaba Chingiz Aitmatov. Biography, kafushane echazwe ngenhla, uye wasivumela ukuba uqinisekise lesi.