"Antey 'ngwenya: lobuchwepheshe Ukucaciswa

Eqonda ngqo US amaqembu izindiza yenethiwekhi babe umsebenzi oyinhloko Navy Soviet ngokushesha emva kokuphothulwa ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Kuyinto le njongo Kwamiswa "umbulali" izindiza abathwali - ezikhethekile kakhulu ngwenya Soviet iphrojekthi "949A Antey".

Qala ekudaleni

Ngo-1960, nabaqambi Soviet sasebenza ezimbili ezihlobene. abasebenzi okb-52 babehilelekile entsha antiship missile complex ehlose ukuwubhubhisa isitha amabutho asolwandle, bese izisebenzi ziye eCentral Design Bureau "Rubin 'ngwenya missile yakhelwe kwesizukulwane sesithathu. It kamuva kuzosetshenziswa njengobufakazi isithwali uhlelo olusha missile. Military kwakudingeka yayinamandla futhi ephumelela kakhulu izindlela enamandla okubhubhisa umkhumbi isitha iqembu kanye ngwenya, kokuba ukusebenza ephakeme esilayidi ukucwiliswa ukujula. Esikhathini esizayo, ngemva sesimanje eziningi lezi zimfanelo ngwenya kuzohlanganisa ngwenya "Antey" ekilasini.

project "Granit 949"

Ngo-1969, i-Navy umise umsebenzi Abaklami Soviet ukudala ngwenya emisha. It zithutha missile kumele bahlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:

• Kumele high speed: hhayi ngaphansi kuka 2500 km / h.
• Ibanga - 500 km.
• Target ukuqala kokubili kwamanzi kanye ngenhla kwamanzi nomphako. Kwakuhlelwe ukuzisebenzisa nakumikhumbingwenya nemikhumbi ebusweni.

Njengoba ezikhathini eziningi isitha egqinsiwe emoyeni amakhefu ukuzivikela "kweqembu" yezikhali ezicitshwayo ezimbili kweshumi, ebuthweni lempi laseSoviet babenesithakazelo amathuba kokudubula a volley. Ngokwe-developers, ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kwe-anti-umkhumbi ezicitshwayo kuyinto ngesivinini ezidingekayo kodwa ophakeme futhi mass enkulu amabutho alwayo, ukuhlomisa kanye, futhi izinhlelo eliqinisekile ipha isiqu kanye nezobunhloli.

"Impumelelo" System

Nale saqala ukubonakala kobuso izinto emhlabeni kweSoviet isikhala izinhlelo futhi ukuqapha kwazo. "Impumelelo" has izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• ukuzimela Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke kusukela izimo zezulu.
• Ingabe eqoqwe ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba.
• Inaccessibility nesitha.

Target ukuqokwa etholwe abanikazi izikhali futhi umyalo okuthunyelwe. Ukukhiqizwa ngwenya yenuzi kwenziwe abasebenzi Sevmash. Ngo-1980, umkhumbi-ngwenya okokuqala wayekulungele "Arkhangelsk" iphrojekthi 949, kwathi ngo-1983 - "Murmansk".

ngwenya Nuclear "Antey", 949A iphrojekthi

Phezu kokuphothula the "Granite" umsebenzi design wenziwa iphrojekthi okuthuthukile. Kumadokhumenti ke lubalwa 949 A "Antey". Submarine ngenxa imishini olwesimanje futhi gumbi ezengeziwe ine ngcono isakhiwo sangaphakathi, ubude anda ukufuduka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, onjiniyela wakwazi ukwandisa okubonisa ngwenya esilayidi.

Ekuqaleni, kwakuhlelwe ukukhulula amayunithi amabili ngwenya ngaphansi project "Antaeus." I ngwenya K-148 "Krasnodar" kubhekwa ngwenya okokuqala zenuzi alesi sigaba. It wethulwa 1986. Wayengumuntu ngokushesha ngomumo K-173 "Krasnoyarsk" kulo ngwenya. Okwamanje, lezi ngwenya ku isimo ukulahlwa. Nakuba kwakuhlelwe eSoviet ubuholi ukukhiqizwa serial ngwenya amabili, it wadedelwa amayunithi nanye kuphela iphrojekthi "Antaeus." I ngwenya K-141 "eKursk" ngo-1994 Ukukhishwa acwiliswe Agasti 2000.

NPS njengengxenye Navy Russian

Ngalesi sikhathi enkonzweni we Russian Federation Navy sakhiwe okulandelayo ekilasini ngwenya yenuzi 'Antey ":

• K-119 "Voronezh" (North imikhumbi).
• K-132 "Irkutsk" (Pacific imikhumbi).
• K-410 "Smolensk" (North imikhumbi).
• K-456 "Tver" (Pacific).
• K-442 "Chelyabinsk" (Pacific Fleet).
• K-266 "Lokhozi" (Okwamanje isimo ukukhanda).

• K-186 "Omsk" (Pacific).
• K-150 "saseTomsk". (Pacific imikhumbi).

Enye iphrojekthi wadala 949 "Antey 'ngwenya K-135" Volgograd "manje kwemvelo. A K-139 "Sifundazwe" isivele eseqedile iphrojekthi 09 852.

Iinsetjenziswa NPS 949

Imikhumbi-ngwenya "Antey" hlobo doublecase scheme: ukukhanya hydrodynamic yangaphandle cylindrical igobolondo izungeza bangaphakathi, yehlukile yangaphandle amandla aphezulu. I ukujiya kwezingange zawo mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 6 cm ngu ezifana doublecase ngwenya izakhiwo has izinzuzo ezilandelayo .:

• Imikhumbi-ngwenya ukunikeza buoyancy okusezingeni eliphezulu.
• NPS bavikelekile ukuqhuma kwamanzi.
• Imikhumbi-ngwenya une-ukufuduka anda.

Ezezindlu ngwenya siqukethe iminyango elandelayo:

• Torpedo.
• Ukuphathwa.
• Gumbi iziteshi impi futhi egumbini umsakazo.
• Ukuhlale sicabanga.
• Card for imishini kagesi nemishini asizayo.
• Ophendulayo.
• umnyango GTZA.
• Gumbi nge motor ngamandla.

Esimeni yenuzi umkhumbi ngwenya ukuphahlazeka ifakwe esishintshashintshayo ezimbili (umnsalo nengemuva), lapho amatilosi ungakwazi ukulinda wokutakula. Amatilosi kunabantu 130. Ngokusho nenye idatha, inombolo ingeqi 112. Kwimodi ezimele, umkhumbi-ngwenya ungahlala kwezinsuku 120.

Incazelo amandla plant

Block GEU Premier League siqukethe sikhungo ezimbili yenuzi Kulungile-650B futhi ezimbili umusi ophephela-9 Kulungile. umthamo wabo ayizinkulungwane 98. L. a. Basebenza ngokusebenzisa ikamu ngezikulufo igiya. NPS has ezimbili ezengeziwe udizili generator DG-190 umthamo hhayi ngaphansi kuka 8 th. 700 l. a.

Submarine ukulawula ukulwa

Ukuze Premier League, "Antey" inikeza sonar izinhlelo mgk-540 "Skat-3" futhi uhlelo, ukuhlinzeka ukuphepha kwesimo isikhala, sokukhomba impi ukuphathwa ngwenya. Imininingwane etholwe satellite noma izindiza engena ngwenya usebenzisa antenna ekhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sub-ikilasi "Antey" emoyeni towed antenna "Catfish".

indawo yaso isimame aft. Displacer antenna uhlobo "Catfish" senzelwe imilayezo nomsakazo amasignali isikebhe okuhlala kuze ukujula okukhulu kakhulu noma ngaphansi ungqimba obukhulu ice.

Navigation kule ngwenya inikeza isethi okhethekile "Symphony-babe." Ukunemba okuphezulu, uhla olude nevolumu kolwazi izici isici zalesi simiso navigation.

Amasabhumarini ahlomile?

Ukwakhiwa kwezikhali ngwenya "Antey" uhlobo imelelwa ezimbili:

• Anti-umkhumbi ezicitshwayo (RCC) P-700 ", Granite" (amayunithi 24). Indawo missile babe iziqukathi ukusika zombili odongeni ingcindezi sikebhe (ingxenye phakathi ngwenya). Ukuze Ukuvalwa usebenzisa ekhethekile-ikhava cowls, okuyizinto ingxenye bezinhlamvu yangaphandle. Isitsha likhuliswe esitshekile 40 degrees. Missiles ingasetshenziswa njengendlela (kg kuze kufinyelele 750) ezivamile futhi ifakwe sezikhali zenuzi. PRK ezihambayo ngesivinini 2.5 m / s no ibanga uhlele ukuze 550 km.
• Mino-torpedo amashubhu (izingcezu ezine). Ababili babo abe ubukhulu 533 mm, kanti bonke abanye - 650 mm. Ziklanyelwe nomlilo kokubili torpedoes ezivamile, futhi torpedo-imicibisholo. Indawo lezi amadivaysi isibe ekhaleni we ngwenya. Ngenxa uhlelo obhekene ukushaja okuzenzekelayo, torpedoes inezinga eliphezulu umlilo. Kungakapheli nemizuzu embalwa yonke izinhlamvu, ehlanganisa rocket torpedoes (amayunithi 12) futhi torpedoes (amayunithi 16), kungaba ukukhulula ngwenya "Antey".

izici lobuchwepheshe

• NPS has ukuhamba emanzini ezinkulungwaneni ezingu-12. 500 cu. m.
• Lokufuduka ngaphansi kwamanzi kuyinto ayizinkulungwane 22. 500 cu. m.
• Class "Antey" imikhumbi emanzini ongafinyelela ngesivinini kufika ku-15 ifindo.
• Ngaphansi kwamanzi ngenhla isivinini sabo kwamafindo 32.
• Imikhumbi-ngwenya kungenzeka egxilile a ka m 600 ukujula esiphezulu.
• Kwimodi ezimele, umkhumbi-ngwenya kungenzeka izinsuku 120.

I bakwazi zokukhiqiza serial "Ante"

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngochwepheshe eziningi isiRashiya, ngwenya uthayipha "Antey" ekusebenzeni yayo - indlela kunazo ayethanda kokuqalana abathwali isitha izindiza. Ngo-1980, izindleko yokukhiqiza umkhumbi ingeqi ruble ayizigidi ezingu-227 (10% intengo American "Roosevelt" kuphela). Kodwa nekusebenta ngwenya yenuzi Soviet laliphezulu kakhulu, "Antey" Kunengozi kuya othwala izindiza nemikhumbi emvume. Ngokusho kwezinye izazi, ukuphumelela "Ante" is overstated. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Premier League - ihamba nge lunye emincane. Kule ndaba, abakwazi ukumelana ngokugcwele abathwali esisetshenziselwa izindiza.

isiphetho

1980 ngentuthuko yanamuhla abhekwa ngempela akusebenzi. Kule ndaba, ngo-2011 kwanqunywa ukuba esikhundleni yemibhalomfihlo "Granite-700" ukuze ngaphezulu ezicitshwayo yesimanje "Onyx" futhi "Calibre".

Lokhu kuzovumela "Antaeus" ukuba abe ithuluzi enemisebenzi for ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi.