Adume usikilidi "Herzegovina Flor" futhi kungani ibizwa kanjalo

Ukubhema nakanjani elimazayo. Lokhu kuvimbela mkhuba omubi futhi iningi abalandeli bayo, futhi nabantu ababemzungezile. Nokho, abantu abaningi ba- ukunxanela ongalawuleki for ukumuncwa nentuthu kagwayi, balahle ukuthi nzima. Ezinye ozama ukuyeka ukubhema, futhi esikhathini esizayo ngesisekelo isipiliyoni uthi, like Mark Twain, kuba snap, futhi bona ngokwabo babekhokha nikwenza ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Imboni kagwayi - iyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kanye emkhakheni wezolimo emazweni amaningi. Abakhiqizi ngokuvamile ezithandwayo zezingoma brand aziwa abathengi amashumi eminyaka. Omunye wabo, "Flor Herzegovina", yazalwa ngo-Czarist Russia, basinda Revolution, nezimpi zezwe ezimbili, inkathi kukaStalin, Khrushchev, uBrezhnev, has onobhala ezintathu jikelele, lapho kuwa iSoviet Union futhi isekhona namuhla. Umlando walo buhlobene eduze zemihla ngemihla lonke izwe.

ifektri Gabay

Le ndaba kungaba umfanekiso inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela amathuba ezinkulukazi anikezwa kosozimali ibhizinisi khulula. Ngemva kwempi ne-Turkey, Russia iye okucetshiswe besizwe entsha, okungukuthi Karaite abantu, kabani abamele kuthiwa ngokwesiko waziphatha ukudayiswa ugwayi. Krymchanin Samuweli Gabai, ukuthola wokusekela ngokwezimali laseKharkov yomthengisi Abrahama Capone, wadala engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu XIX e inkampani eMoscow. On kucocisana ezivamile zale ndoda lisebenza akamanga, futhi etshaliwe inzuzo kakhulu ekuthuthukeni ngenzalo yabo. Iculo le-Cigarettes ngenkathi eRussia kuphela yimfashini, futhi ngo-1883 Gabay waqala ukukhiqizwa yabo. Ukuncintisana kudingeka ezinye uhlobo kwezohwebo "iqhinga", futhi umnikazi "lobambiswano ugwayi ifektri S. Gabay" umthole. Waqala ukuletha Iphunga izinto zokusetshenziswa ne exotic Indonesian esiqhingini Java. Imikhiqizo ukwenza iyahlukahluka iphunga olubucayi futhi kwahamba. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu entsha, uSamuweli Gabai kakade kwaba umnikazi kwamabhilidi amabili ukukhiqizwa, washintsha sha, ukusibiza behlonipha osikilidi yayo ethandwa kakhulu "Java". Kwakubonakala sengathi impumelelo commercial osekuzuziwe, singaqiniseka ku azithele ngabandayo yethu.

Kodwa ohlelweni isicebi kudinga ukuthuthukiswa njalo, futhi ekuqaleni eyishumi kwekhulu XX wesibili "Java" ububanzi, umkhiqizo omusha - osikilidi "Herzegovina Flor".

isinemfu olunephunga elimnandi

Njengoba kunjalo nge "Java", uSamuweli Gabay wenza ilungelo lokumaketha indlela. Wabiza brand new kagwayi ngemva endaweni azalelwa ugwayi, okuyinto wagcwalisa imikhiqizo yabo. Kodwa kulokhu, sha akuyona kuphela uhambisane indawo emasimini aluhlaza. Emazweni aseBalkan, okungukuthi Herzegovina, ikhula ezihlukahlukene ekhethekile elimnandi bamphathele ocebile (uma ikhona, ungasho maqondana intuthu angafi). Eqinisweni, i-trade mark oluhambisana igama Botanical zalesi sihlahla Herzegovina Flor (Flor Herzegovina), futhi namuhla imbewu ugwayi ethulwa emakethe iphrofayli. Noma ungathenga bese uzama akhule yakhe cottage ehlobo ugwayi ekhaya-esekhulile. Kufanele, Nokho, inake izici of sezulu kanye inhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyoba lula kakhulu. ERussia kukhona izimo buyafaneleka kuphela Krasnodar esifundeni, lapho kalula sikhule namabanga Virgin.

izikhathi ezintsha

Ngo-1917 izenzakalo ezenzeka ngemva kwalokho ucwaningo ukumaketha isikhathi eside babelahlekelwe yikho konke okushiwo. Nokho, esikhundleni nokhahlo ubukhomanisi lempi, ekugcineni, kungcono impumuzo ngesimo le New Economic Policy. Esikhathini eko, ngisho kwadingeka isidingo ukukhangisa, futhi imbongi enkulu yesigaba sabasebenzi, kanye nombhali itoho futhi uzwakalise iziqubulo uVladimir Mayakovsky ngisho abazinikezele usikilidi "Herzegovina Flor" ambalwa amazwi yakhe ekhaliphile, imvumelwano kanye isiqubulo igama TM "ukunikeza lobo bunzima." Ngalowo mqondo, kukude lonke kubo. Kungenzeka ukuthi yena ngokwakhe ngibhema lokhu brand.

Mayelana osikilidi ukwenza

Ngezikhathi ezinzima, ayinala kangaka emlandweni wezwe lethu kwekhulu XX, kwemikhiqizo yogwayi iningi waba kusilela. ngaphandle Isihlobo kwaba Shag, ingxenye izabelo lesosha. Iculo le-Cigarettes "White Sea Canal" zazibhekwa ekilasini aphansi ukwedlula "Troika" noma "Herzegovina Flor" ugwayi kwaba lula, futhi ukupakisha nesizotha kakhulu, kodwa lokhu imikhiqizo nemudrenyh umkhakha ukudla Soviet phakathi nempi, akatholakalanga ukuba wonke umuntu. Ezihlukahlukene futhi izinga osikilidi ekhiqizwa ngezindinganiso isimo ezimbonini eziningi zase-USSR. Ngokwesibonelo, Leningrad "Sea White" ayebhekwa kakhulu ezweni lonke, e-Odessa, wenza edumile "zenkolo" nge isihlungi ukotini in isetshenziswa (umbuso uphawu endala kakhulu). Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-Iminyaka yangemva kwempi, ezinye izinhlobo imikhiqizo kagwayi babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli umkhiqizo elite, baze edayiswa Torgsin.

Ngemva kokunqoba ka yokulungisa umonakalo yaseJalimane abangu akhishelwe khona imishini ukwenziwa osikilidi okusaqanda ngaphandle lemifanekiso, ezinye zazo ezitholakalayo namuhla ( "Flight", "Nord", "i-Nyakatfo" Surf "," Prima "e-Ukraine" Vatra "," Pryluky "et al.). Labo okwakulindeleke ukuba ngibheme ngokusebenzisa isetshenziswa, kodwa ungenza kanjalo, kodwa ngokuvamile kufanele ukumkhafulela bube manikiniki ugwayi. Kodwa iningi esiphakeme, kwazise izikhulu zezinhlangano uthanda ukulingisa umholi, ugwayi "Herzegovina Flor". Iculo le-Cigarettes bakamalalahlengezela ethumba emakethe ugwayi Soviet kamuva, lapho zithola lemifanekiso.

Stalin ngabhema

Ngesandla ukukhanya abenzi mafilimu zaseSoviet ukwazi mass uthethe impande yendaba: I. V Stalin kuvula iphakethe likagwayi "Flor Herzegovina", uthola omunye, ubulala liner, imidlalo phezu ligcwale ipayipi zakhe zikagwayi. Mhlawumbe izikhathi ezimbalwa naye wenza kanjalo, kodwa, kungenzeka ukuthi, akuvamile. Iqiniso lokuthi kwihendisethi lidinga ugwayi ekhethekile, ukusikeka ezinkulu, noma okunye uzovutha ngokushesha okukhulu, noma ngokushesha siyocinywa. Umholi Soviet waba nethuba ababhemayo kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo (isibonelo, "iSikhulu Albert" noma "Edgeworth"), futhi ukuthi kukhona okungahambi ukuba reinvent idinga. A ukubhema futhi kuyinto kunjalo, indlela ezivamile Chronicle unolwazi kuya owayephila izikhathi zomlando. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izitolo ekhethekile ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo for the Kremlin ke cishe wayengekho, enye futhi into eyenziwe ukuthengwa umnyango olukhethekile ezivikelwe uhulumeni. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi "Flor Herzegovina" babe osikilidi ozithandayo kukaStalin kuyiqiniso ngempela.

"Herzegovina" namuhla

Lokhu abadumile (ikakhulukazi kumafilimu mayelana Stalin) brand osikilidi abakwazanga ukuvele zingagcwaliseki. Senzelwe "Morshansk noGwayi Factory" imikhiqizo Modern zinezikhathi quality enhle kakhulu, kodwa ngokuya ekwakhiweni kuncane kakhulu okuzihlanganisa ne-prototype. ugwayi Balkan azitholakali, ukusebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo ezimnandi yalowo obhemayo, kodwa ukunambitheka, ngokusho kongoti, akufani. Ngaphansi kwalo brand kukhiqizwa futhi evamile osikilidi isihlungi-okulinganiswa, kodwa lokhu kwakwenqatshelwe ngandlela-thile akazange anamathele.