Kumiswa umfundi isithakazelo kumlando

Isithakazelo aqaphele isidingo, it is esiboniswe ukhetho imisebenzi, imicabango nemizwelo. isithakazelo yezengqondo - injini oyinhloko ulwazi.

isithakazelo amorphous kuyahluka lutho, ukungenzi lutho,

Propensity emsebenzini zokuzala. Kulokhu, abafundi izifundo ozithandayo - labo akudingeki ukuba nzima. Kubo akukho ozithandayo noma izihloko okungenani ozithandayo kanye nezigaba. Ulwazi lwabo akasoze zidlulela ngalé kokulimala hlelo. On the izifundo yomlando, bazimisele ukulalela izindaba ezithakazelisayo futhi ubuke amavidiyo. Amafomu asebenzayo yobubi encane ukuba wabo ukusebenza ngamaqembu, lapho ungakwazi 'gxuma' ngezithukuthuku akanye nalo. Wesikole sekuthiwa bakhetha "zokudala" - umhlobiso wama-notebook zabo ngemidwebo, ukukhiqizwa onobuhle, ukugcwalisa amabalazwe nentaba, ngisho lokubhala yokudala. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo basuke bakhangwa inqubo "ukwenza" nge nandaba kwalo yi. Kuyadingeka ukuba ayinyuse uthisha izidingo zokuqeqeshwa ukuze imisebenzi efana nesithakazelo kubo incipha ngokucijile.

isithakazelo Wide libhekene ezihlukahlukene kuncike orientation. umsebenzi yezengqondo kuyimvume ezahlukene, ukugxilisa ingqondo, umuzwa ngokomzwelo. Abafundi kuyathandwa ububanzi - the nayizimfundamakhwela ukwazi. HORIZONS zabo eziningi, kodwa ulwazi engajulile futhi kungaba ukuhlala usendleleni eqondile, uma omunye izifundo ye isithakazelo sabo akusho zinkulu, futhi ngeke ebalulekile.

Inzalo core ukujula ezahlukene kanye wabaphonsa orientation ndaba. He is isisusa ehola yokufundisa. Laba bafundi bathambekele ekhethiwe emkhakheni kude ukuya ngale hlelo, isinyathelo Ukufuna imithombo yokwaziswa bavame ukuba achithe isihloko isithakazelo isikhathi sakhe khulula. isithakazelo Local ivumela umfundi ukuthuthukisa ku osekelwe kuyo ulwazi theory, ukufunda namakhono yobuchopho.

Ngu degree of isithakazelo nokusimama kuyinto isimo, okuzinzile futhi esimeme.

kuphakama isithakazelo situational ngenxa yokuphatheka ukuba igugu, ukukhanya, ukumangala, inkinga. Kudinga ukuqinisa njalo kusukela ngaphandle, ngaphandle okuyinto ngokushesha inyamalala engashiyanga mkhondo isakhiwo ubuntu. Ngokulinganiswa isithakazelo esitebeleni kuwumphumela lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi inkanuko amathuluzi yokufunda. Isikhathi imiphumela yayo awanakufundwa esifundweni, kodwa futhi kudingeka umfutho kwangaphandle. Ngo intshisekelo esitebeleni engqondweni yethu owandile ugqozi eziwumgogodla. Ngesikhathi sigaba eliphakeme yentuthuko, kuba nesidingo esingokomoya, lapho umfundi ayikwazi ezikhuluma ngendaba idatha, akazange achithe isikhathi ingxenye isikhathi khulula, musa ukulandela amabhuku amasha kwi isihloko osithanda.

Lapho efunda esikoleni esiphakeme, inkinga kumiswa isithakazelo ulwazi emlandweni kufanele ingafani. amakilasi Ezivamile ngokwanele ngokuqhubekayo posing izifundo isithakazelo nesimo ukwakha kufaneleka omuhle ekutheni bazibheka nabanengqondo futhi ngokomzwelo tesifundvo. Ngo humanities amakilasi kufanele usethe umsebenzi ukwakha isithakazelo azinzile bonke abafundi futhi esimeme onekhono kakhulu kubo.

isithakazelo yezengqondo wenza imisebenzi emithathu eyisisekelo, kuba:

1) indlela (umfutho) ukuqeqeshwa;

2) Into esishukumisela ukuba senze womsebenzi zemfundo ;

3) izici zobuntu esitebeleni.

Njengoba isisusa ukufunda kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise imiphumela zangaphandle ukwenza ukufunda kukhanga kakhulu, abangele amehlo okungalindelekile, ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga nemizwelo abafundi, ugqozi ukufunda umsebenzi. Esikhathini inqubo yokufunda umlando imithombo ukushukuma we nqubo ephawulekayo okuqukethwe we zemfundo impahla, inhlangano kanye nokusebenza, ubunjalo ubudlelwane phakathi abahlanganyeli inqubo yemfundo.

Esibalulekile lapha okuqukethwe okokusebenza zemfundo. Lokhu kungenxa nendima evelele kolwazi isisusa. Ngakho, izimfuneko ezikhethekile lenhlangano nezindlela kwezidingo yokwaziswa okungokomlando. Kumelwe ukuba le ntombazane libhekene kulezi zimfanelo:

- bezijabulisa eseyintsha, ukukhanya, nakuba. Esikhathini inqubo yokufunda bezijabulisa kuyinto umfutho yokuqala isithakazelo engqondweni yethu, ukwesekwa futhi isimo imemori ngokomzwelo ngekhanda izigaba nzima, indlela Ukubohlisa kwaphinde kwaba nokungezwani kwezigodi umsebenzi zezemfundo, kusebenze futhi kokushintsha ukunakwa, imicabango, imizwelo. Njengomthetho, abangele amehlo okungalindelekile labafundi: indaba ngesakhiwo, eyakhelwe imithetho umphenyi kanye adventure uhlobo; ohlangothini-zomlando indaba noma isici nesihloko sesifundo; isici enemininingwane usebenzisa zonke izindlela angazisebenzisa temlomo na ezibukwayo; ukusetshenziswa uthisha inkulumo asankondlo izingcaphuno, amahlaya kanye aphorisms; ukwethembela ebukwayo, ikakhulukazi imisebenzi yobuciko; indida yezahlulelo kanye nokuqagula.

- ukubaluleka kokuziphatha ulwazi yakha uzwela ngokomzwelo, umuzwa wobunye zokuziphatha, kunalokho, ayenqaba abukhali. Lokhu izinga ngokuvamile enamathiselwe agumenti, isebenze imizwa zokuziphatha nemicabango, nokushisekela izwe. Ukuze ajabulise ingxoxo isidingo izilinganiso babe categorical wayithukuthelisa ukuphikiswa labo ungavumelani nabo ngamabomu; ithoni oluyimfihlo idinga ukuxhumana isigaba, okuyinto izuzwe eside, iminyaka ngezinye izikhathi eziningi emsebenzini. izindlela eziphumelelayo zifakwe izibalo izakhi nobuntu psychoanalysis, isitatimende usebenzisa inkulumo mpendulwano, inkulumo eqondile noma ukucabanga ngokombono uhlamvu. Lokhu kwenza kube ngcono ukunemba indaba ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzwelo; Emakilasini abo uma ubalula imiqondo "abalimi engaphansi", "amakhosi asendulo", "smerdy", "Zákupy," "ubudlelwane izinduna" ngisebenzisa umsebenzi umdlalo: "Cabanga ukuthi, izolo olimayo khulula Zhdan futhi indoda nyne- wabanjwa e izigqila Vseslav kokwesikhulu. izimo zokuphila ophoqelelwe nawe ukuba siphendulele Prince onguMninimandla onke we Kupa. Emva kokuthola ke, ulahlekelwe inkululeko yakho. Ngitshele, yini izimo ezaholela ukuthi ufake isicelo ukuze isikhulu, chaza ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo uthola imali-mboleko. Chaza imizwa yendoda owashonelwa omunye eqolo ukuphila amagugu -. Inkululeko yomuntu siqu ". Ekuhloleni isimiso sezombangazwe Russian phakathi nokubusa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, ngisebenzisa umsebenzi elandelayo: "Zicabange - the kumklami Johann Krieger, owafika ngo-Russia ekhulwini le-17. Germany ngokumenywa uhulumeni waseRussia. Kokuba ngokwanele ufundile futhi umuntu oqaphelayo, wena unesithakazelo esijulile uhlelo isimo Russia, alifanisa kweluhlelo lwahulumende ngalokuyimphumelelo yezwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uqaphela hhayi kuphela izici omuhle ohlelweni isimo, kodwa nakumuntu ngamunye ekhona, Ngokubona kwakho, bokwenza. Chaza oyiphawulile nokumadanisa incwadi kumngane wakhe ubudala, inkosi Franz Weber ku Dresden. "

- yesayensi nihlola umfundi ukunemba, ivula ukubaluleka kwefilosofi noma ukubaluleka esisebenzayo, izindlela sokuhlaziya yayo kanye nokuhlola. ukwaziswa kwesayensi wafunda enamathiselwe inkomba historiographical ezindabeni ezibalulekile impikiswano; incazelo noma ubufakazi okubonakalayo ubuze besimo ezinye okutholakele ezimisiwe nokuhlolisisa ngokuziqhathanisa nalokho izincwadi zomlando nezincwadi onegunya yesayensi; ukusetshenziswa kwezitifiketi ababephila ngesikhathi futhi izingcaphuno isofthiwe; ukukhethwa ekhethekile amaqiniso, ekuboniseni imikhuba amaphethini izinqubo zomlando; ukuvezwa nobufakazi olubaluleke zazo ezingokomlando; Ukuqhathanisa izenzakalo ezifanayo yomlando kazwelonke kanye nezwe; incazelo umsuka imigomo setha amabinzana aphorisms.

Wamaphuzu okuqukethwe isimo kubangele isithakazelo abafundi. Ukuze uyinike ukuzinza isihlobo kufanele kube ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono zemfundo kanye nasemakhonweni okuhlakanipha. Lokhu lula izindlela ezihlukahlukene yokuhlela imisebenzi yokufunda, ukwenza inqubo kumiswa amakhono engabonakali futhi ekhangayo, e kulungiselelwa ikakhulukazi uhlobo versioned; umbhalo wokulungisa ezinamaphutha zomlando; umbhalo yokuhlola ulwazi lwabanye. Abafundi nge zezenhlalakahle ezinzima ngamakhasimende ubumnandi ukwenza imisebenzi ekuhlaziyeni futhi systematization impahla ezemfundo ewuhlobo lombhalo amatafula. Esikhathini 5-9-ibanga amafomu ngempumelelo kwemidlalo ulwazi babuye bahlanganise inhlolovo.

Eemfundweni zabo 5-8 amakilasi Ngiqhuba izifundo kucinisa lwati kwifomu Phuza, Ukuhambela ezinye izindawo, Ekwenza Umlingiswa imidlalo, endalini. Izifundo usebenzisa izimo indima-ukudlala zivuse abafundi isithakazelo engqondweni yethu ukwenza inqubo yokufunda fun. Phakathi lezi zifundo bakha emkhathini ekhethekile, lapho kukhona izakhi bobuchule nokuzikhethela ngenkululeko. Ukuthuthukisa ikhono ukusebenza neqembu. Ngokuvamile lokhu kudinga umfundi ukuba ukuhlula iinhloni sakhe nokuba manqikanqika, ukuntula ukholo ngamandla abo. Ngakho, isimiso yentuthuko yaqaphela, okuyinto waveza hhayi kuphela ekuthuthukiseni intelligence, kodwa futhi ukuze ikhulise sphere ngokomzwelo, ukwakheka izimfanelo nginenhliziyo lomuntu, ukwakheka ukuzethemba. Kulezi umbalisi lo uba umhleli umsebenzi engqondweni yethu abafundi, ukudala izimo kunikela ukuthuthukiswa inkhulumiswano nekusebentisana.

Ngo amakilasi labo, ngisebenzisa lezi zinhlobo imisebenzi zemfundo, ezifana ngokugcwalisa puzzle ama-crossword, kwakha, izindaba ngesihloko esifanayo, uMlayezo, umdlalo "Ungubani wena? Kuyini lokhu? "Dictations zomlando umdlalo" ukuthola incazelo, "" mayelana ngaye? ". Esifundweni ngasinye, ngichitha umsebenzi nge imiqondo emisha, izinsuku ezintsha kanye kokungathembeki. abafundi Ikhaya bavame ukubuza Tindzaba ngesihloko lesitsite, njengokuthi "Ukuvakashela abantu basendulo", "Ngolunye usuku ngo edolobheni ephakathi," "On the joust", "workshop Ingcweti sika." Abafundi ukubhala le misebenzi ayewenzele yona futhi ngesithakazelo azibonayo imisebenzi enjalo. Incazelo iziqephu ejwayelekile, noma isingeniso indaba inkhulumongco kungababangeli nobunzima.

Mbo obalulekile ukukhuthazwa isithakazelo engqondweni yethu buhlobene abahlanganyeli inqubo yemfundo. Kukhona kubaluleke kakhulu:

- izimfuno eliphezulu ku abafundi ngokuhlanganyela umusa ngobuqotho; maqondana umfundi, kanye unacceptability zokubahlakaza aphakeme ithoni ngokomzwelo; imfundo okubhekiswe ukuzethemba, esekelwe ilemuko ukukhula zabo zomqondo futhi ngokomoya;

- ukukhuthazwa esihleliwe umsebenzi wokudala. Indispensably okusezingeni eliphezulu ukushukuma nokuhlola umsebenzi engqondweni yethu abafundi ababuthaka;

- zero ukubekezelelana for ubuvila nokungathembeki. Kuhle "nokujezisa" kuyinto umuntu othile noma iqembu kwi Ladder sihloko, ukuqaliswa komsebenzi ngamunye zokudala. Kufanele silwele isijeziso ekugcineni abe ukugqugquzela - amaphuzu aphezulu futhi kube udumo isigaba. Kumiswa umfundi ngamunye nenkolelo yokuthi sobala yesikole nabulungiswa ngokwehliswa isithunzi;

- esekelwe ngabanye izithakazelo lehlukene ekucabanga kwengcondvo netintfo kwazo, umfundi ngamunye ezindaweni yentuthuko wakhe eliseduze futhi langempela;

- ukudalwa isimo collectivism njengoba yobuzalwane obungokomoya, yokusizana benesibopho ithimba ngalinye;

- umnqopho ku lokulinganisa uthisha. Thishela kumele babe nesibindi axolise. Uma ulondoloze isithunzi somfundi kabuhlungu khona isigaba, noma ngabe lokhu kuyiqiniso, emva ukukhathala sigameko uthisha ukuba adumise noma ukuxolisa kuye ebukhoneni isigaba.

Ukuze izikole zamabanga aphansi naphezulu njengoba izinkomba kumiswa isithakazelo ingasetshenziswa elandelayo indlela abukeka ngayo ngesikhathi izifundo: kwagxilwa; imibuzo abafundi efakaza kwesibuko ulwazi kanye nesifiso zingene okushiwo inkinga; ukubamba iqhaza ngokuzikhethela kungxoxo noma ingxoxo, olubukeziwe kulekelelwa izimpendulo emzabalazweni; ukulungela ukwenza imisebenzi; ukhathazekile eziphathelene imiphumela umsebenzi engqondweni yethu; Inkulumo ngomlomo imizwa; injabulo ngokomzwelo; umdlalo asabela ngayo impahla ngokomzwelo.

Kukhona izisusa eziyisisekelo lolwazi isithakazelo:

- ezibanzi izisusa nomphakathi. Uma izisusa yezenhlalakahle ezibanzi yibo kuphela ayenzi kuhlanganiswe nabanye, kungukuthi kubhekwe njengento izinkomba isithakazelo engqondweni yethu;

- Imininingwane isisusa. Ukungabi kolwazi motif kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo isithakazelo emlandweni. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka abantwana nge-non-zezenhlalakahle noma kuphela ngokolimi ukuthambekela evelele;

- nokuqaphela isisusa sabo siqu rosta- injini eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa umfundi, ngesilinganiso ukuphumelela ukuqeqeshwa isiqinisekiso esimeme. Lihambisana ulwazi motif ke ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalolu zonke ezinye Motifs nesithakazelo;

- tune ukuhlobana izindlela esingabonisa ngazo udumo e junior ngamazwi aphezulu. Ngalesi ubudala, alinaso nomthelela wangempela esithakazelweni abafundi. indima yayo kwandisa ngokushesha e high school ;

- motif jikelele ilukuluku. Njengomthetho, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kokuthandwayo amorphous, lapho umfundi ugwala azibangelwa umsebenzi engqondweni yethu, kanye nenqubo yokufundisa zokuxhumana ezihambisana naso. Ukwanda ukuqeqeshwa umthwalo futhi kwamangqamuzana loenzintshisekelo abafundi esikoleni esiphakeme kwaholela ekunyamalaleni pheze ephelele ke;

-motiv injabulo bokusungula nezingokomoya - sinye we kwenzalo ukuzinza coloration kwakhe okukhulu okungokomzwelo elikhanyayo ukujula;

- isisusa udumo yisimo kubalulekile ukuhlolwa ukwakheka kanye umfundi ukuzethemba. indima yayo kwandisa ngokuphawulekayo e sobusha nesokuba umuntu omdala ekuseni, kanye nesidingo muntu imvume social and self-isiqinisekiso. It is ngqo exhumene izinga eliphezulu lolwazi, amakhono, impumelelo ezifundweni. Uma kungenjalo, kumelwe zibhekwe njengezindawo okungamelwe i singenele ukuzethemba. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela udumo isisusa, phambi kwabanye, akakubangeli ukukhathazeka, njengoba kungenzeka kubonisa ukuntula isifiso sokuvelela kule ngane. Kodwa ukunyamalala lokhu motif - ukwehla senzalo kanye ngokuvamile ephelezelwa i okokukhuza ukwanda;

- isisusa zokuxhumana. Ngokuhlanganyela izisusa ngenhla kubonisa isimo zokudala ekilasini, isifiso ukuthuthukisa ulwazi umfundi namakhono, kuyaduduza ngandlela-ukuzinza eyisihlobo isithakazelo;

- tune "like uthisha" linendima ebalulekile emabangeni lasekucaleni, kanye esigabeni sokuqala lapho etadisha ngokujulile yomlando.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko uthisha klasse- afundelwayo njengoba isihloko yayo, nentshisekelo ukuze awumdingi ukuba egcizelele, wenze, ukuthi bona ngokwabo babekhokha uya nizolalela uthisha; indlela yokukwenza, kungcono wonke umuntu imfihlo, kodwa okuqukethwe sina futhi ezithakazelisayo isifundo, yebo, ingashintshwa ukuze yobudala abafundi ', futhi ikakhulukazi enhle, emnandi, indaba ezithakazelisayo kungasiza sifinyelele lo mgomo, kodwa ukufeza into ngenhla, thishela kumele ngempela, kungenjalo umphumela uyoba ezimbi, umsebenzi uya evilaphayo, ngandlela-thile; ungakujabulisi, into boring ongacimekiyo kahle.

Thishela kumele ukuthuthukisa abafundi amateur, nibafundise umsebenzi, ukufunda izincwadi sina, ezinhle ukuba baveze abakucabangayo.

Thishela kumele unike abafundi bakhe ethile ulwazi futhi kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi banolwazi lokho ayekufundile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene yokufundisa.