Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich: Biography, Filmography, ubuzwe, ukuphila siqu, izithombe

Ngo-February, sekuyiminyaka eyishumi nane kuya osukwini lapho efa Umculi Yabantu zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa Lev Kulidzhanov, ogama ethuneni uku igceke lesonto at LaseKuntsëvo dolobha yezwe lethu 2016.

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu semidesyatisemiletny lokhu umqondisi wamabhayisikobho isikhathi yakwazi ukuhamba ngempela negalelo elikhulu kule namabhayisikobho kweSoviet futhi isiRashiya, kanye nokuphila emphakathini nezamasiko State.

Ebuntwaneni nesikole iminyaka

Nokho, Leo Kulidzhanov kabani ubuzwe e eziningi izincwadi nama-encyclopedia ukubizwa ngokuthi 'Russian ", azalwe, umndeni wakwa-Armenia ngo-dolobha Georgian.

usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa ngezincwadi ezihlukahlukene ibonisa ngokwehlukile: 19/08/1923 noma 19/03/1924.

Ubaba partsluzhaschego eyaziwa, uboshwe 37 futhi isiphetho okwalandela alwaziwa. Umama ngesikhathi esifanayo becindezela, badingiselwa ekamu.

Wenyusa esizayo umqondisi Lev Kulidzhanov ugogo. Zonke izingane nentsha sesidlule inhloko-dolobha yaseGeorgia. Namanje esikoleni wayebakhathalela yakhe ngokugcwele emisebenzini ezigcawugcawu. Ngaphandle ayenzi nanoma uluphi esikoleni, ngesikhathi ebandakanyeka njengomsebenzisi wemidlalo futhi umqondisi, futhi umlingisi.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Ngemva kokuthola iziqu ngo-1942, esikoleni esiphakeme, waba umfundi umnyango kusihlwa Tbilisi State University, ngesikhathi esebenza njengomshushisi umakhenikha efektri. Inkampani eyingoduso ekukhiqizeni impi kwezikhali.

Ngesikhathi sekhefu ngokutadisha nangokuphila ukusebenza Leo Kulidzhanov wahlanganyela oyibamba esikoleni Georgian Goskinoproma. Elapho wahlangana nodade nabo, owayefundelwa at VGIK ukuba umbhali wemidlalo. Wenqaba bashiye kanye ofunda e Kazakhstan sahlala izihlobo eGeorgia.

Uthando analo ebhayisikobho nezingxoxo ezithakazelisayo cinema kwaholela yokuthi Kulidzhanov Leo wanquma nakanjani ube umfundi ka oqondisa umnyango VGIK.

dream zigcwaliseka

Lapho ngo-1943, i-Institute wabuyela eMoscow, esefunda esikoleni, enika Kulidzhanov athembisa ukuthumela idatha ukuthi kuyadingeka yokwamukelwa kuMqondisi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, Leo kwadingeka balishiye leli isitshalo, kusukela ngemuva kokuxinwa wamaphaphu ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakhe waqala ukuthuthukisa sofuba isikhungo. Voenkomatovskaya ibhodi yezokwelapha wamthola non-kwesosha.

Ngosizo izihlobo ehlobo lika-1944, sona lesi sifo wakwazi ukumisa ukuthuthukiswa izilonda waqala nesibazi. Ngalesi sikhathi Kulidzhanov Leo wathola izimo wathembisa yokwemukela umnyango oqondisa VGIK, uzilungiselele zonke kunesidingo (iphakethe esifanele izitifiketi, kanye umsebenzi emncintiswaneni okudala) futhi wathumela kanye lokusebenza Institute ekomidini Ukukhetha.

umangalela VGIK

N. Fokin wake wabhala incwadi "Lev Kulidzhanov. Sivisiso mkhakha", hero okuyinto ngakho ngilandisa le nkathi.

Zonke amacala iphutha beqondiswa ugogo wakhe uTamara, kwaba isibukeli of umzukulu ukuprakthiza. Ukuze yokwemukela umfundi esizayo likhethiwe Pushkin sika "iNdlovukazi Spades", esho ugogo njalo bethukile isibabazo Herman mayelana isalukazi.

Phakathi Sempi kwaba pretty abampofu. Ugogo emgwaqweni ibhulukwe Warm, uvolo ijezi kuxhumene base kuluthola. Zokulala kanye tyufyachka elincane ke kwaba ifakwe embhedeni.

Kusukela Umkhulu-non-lwendabuko, isosha, ngikutholile ucezu dzhinsovki kuyiphi umsiki bendawo ababebonise ithungwe ibhulukwe ngaphakathi ngaphandle izicubu, ngoba izinto ezinjalo kwaba eseyintsha.

Ugogo wamenywa ukuba athathe ne apula ukudayiswa, isigamu isikhwama. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela iNgonyama uzokwazi ukukhulisa imali zisuka nje.

Nokho, ibhizinisi akuphumelelanga, izithelo akekho wathenga futhi ekugcineni ukudukiswa.

Ezemfundo VGIK

Leo langena Kulidzhanov okokuqala, ukuthatha ezivivinyweni olwenziwa Kozitsinym GM, ukuthola intambo entsha, futhi umqondisi we-Institute Kuleshov L. B.

Njengoba uqale ukuzilolonga, umfundi isigamu-babulawa abahlala umkhuhlane dorm, wagula kakhulu futhi kwadingeka abuyiselwe emuva Georgia. Ngalesi sikhathi umama wabuya evela ekamu.

Leo Kulidzhanov empilweni yakho washintsha lapho ehlangana umkakhe esizayo Tbilisi Natalya fokina, nokho bahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa ukuhamba kusukela sikhungo. Yena njalo babengabaza amakhono abo ngokomzimba, wesaba ukuthi wayengeke akwazi ukubuyela.

Nokho, ngo-1948 kwaphawulwa yokuthi sakwazi kabusha ukuqala izifundo zabo vgikovskogo workshop, eyayiholwa Gerasimov SA Makarova TF Waphothula izifundo zakhe ngo-1955.

Ofunda nabo khumbula amakhono zakhe ezivelele oyibamba. Gerasimov lalibuye wammema ukuba kudlule Luhlolo ezengeziwe ukudansa nokuhlabelela, kanye nomqondisi ukuthola idiploma yesibili - esebenza.

Iziqu sipho wenqaba, bephawula lokuthi kule idiploma yesibili akudingekile. Ngokusobala isiphakamiso esinjalo, yebo, liyazikhulumela.

Ukuthola umsebenzi wokudala

Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich waqala DEBUT yakhe umsebenzi wobuciko ngo-1955 esifushane "Dame" laseChekhov sika. Co-umbhali we filmstrip kwaba Oganesyan

Ngokulandelayo, khetha umlingani Kulidzhanov J. Segel, okuyinto ngonyaka olandelayo yathathwa Umdwebo "Kwaqala kanje ..." Amaqhawe wakhe babengabalandeli abanqobi lokuqala emazweni virgin.

Ngemva konyaka, lo duo efanayo wadutshulwa ifilimu "Indlu lapho ngihlala khona," mayelana pre-impi futhi isiphetho post-yimpi izakhamuzi omunye imindeni eMoscow.

Ngo naleso sikhathi endaweni cinematic babe fashion Ngohlelo directorial, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula Danelia futhi Talankina, Mironer futhi Hutsieva, Saltykov futhi Mitt, Alova futhi Naumov.

Nge amafilimu lokuqala Kulidzhanov kwaphakamisa izimpikiswano hhayi kuphela ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla, kodwa futhi umphakathi obuke ubuhlobo siqu, izithombe adalwe kumuntu ovamile nezinkathazo yakhe, imizwelo, okulindele.

Ku Iskrini izilaleli wasondela eduze, abantu ecacile, ubuntu abanamandla, kungakhathaliseki isimo sabo senhlalo sinjani, ehambisana ukubukwa lembhali.

Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich, Filmography

Kusukela ngo-1959, eziqala "Indlu Lobaba", amafilimu yaqala ukubonakala Kulidzhanov usunayo.

Ngo-1961, wayala umsebenzi wakhe engcono "Kuthi kungaphela izihlahla bese zazizinkulu," lapho nge ubuqotho engavamile, ngobuqotho, lyricism, imfudumalo nobuntu kutjelwa okuthiwa abantu kancane.

Ngisho Nikulinskiy odakiwe - Kuzma Jordanów - umbukeli ubona ubunjalo bomuntu, okubangela uzwela beqiniso nangothando.

Iribhoni "Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso" by Dostoevsky wamshaya moviegoers imiva yabo cinematic, uchungechunge olungokomfanekiso libonisa abukhali futhi unonya.

Ngenxa yalesi sithombe Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich, ogama biography ayihlanganisi kuphela esindayo kodwa futhi nezikhathi ukukhanya kakhulu, kwaba ngo-1971 kwaphawulwa Russian State Prize.

Ubunzima nenkathi yamaSoviet

nobunzima ezithile okwakumelwe zixazululwe emsebenzini umqondisi documentary "ngomzuzu Star" (iminyaka 1972-75) ka Gagarin indiza emkhathini lapho kulidzhanovskaya imiva kanye nakuba e reflection zezenzakalo ezingokomlando asitholanga noqondayo phakathi kobuholi nomenklatura ophethe ukuphila kwamasiko yezwe.

Leo Kulidzhanov, Filmography okuyinto besesitelekeni ukwehlukana kwayo, wafuna ekubhekeni futhi ukunikeza isithombe esisobala heroes KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - ( ". Marx Early Years" isiqephu, 1980) V I. Leninu (ifilimu "The Blue Notebook," 1963) Futhi Marx . Nakuba isimo yokugcina laligujwa ngo-1982, uLenin Prize, ukuqamba ezimbili lezi umsebenzi wobuciko kakhulu kunzima, umlobi kwadingeka ukuba ingcindezi kuvela "phezulu" ukuze bahlanganyele i idealization lezinombolo zezombusazwe kanye zomlando edidayo.

I last umqondisi wamabhayisikobho babe "ukufela", wathwebula ngo-1991, futhi "Tinkerbell" ngo-1994.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe Kulidzhanov Leo wenza lukhulu lomsebenzi yomphakathi kanye nezokuphatha.

Ngo-1962, uMnu wajoyina leQembu LamaKhomanisi. Ngo 1963-64 lapho walibangisa Directorate of cinema kwezobuciko e-Union neKomiti KaHulumeni ngoba namabhayisikobho.

1964 - Usihlalo Organising Committee of the cinema yezwe Union. Engqungqutheleni lezinombolo cinematic akhethwe esikhundleni sokuba umqondisi uNobhala wokuqala weBhodi Union. Iposi bekatsatsa elalingumakhonya iminyaka engu-23.
iminyaka 1986-89 - umqondisi bokubeka nendumezulu "20 Century".

Kusukela ngo-1976 Kulidzhanov egqoka isihloko Umculi Yabantu kweSoviet Union, kusukela ngo-1984 - Hero of Socialist Labour. Yena waba uprofesa, ilungu ohambelana Academy of Arts we-German Democratic Republic, wakhonza njengephayona ilungu elinye we CPSU Central Committee kanye Armed Forces nesekela eSoviet Union, ezaziholwa Society for Cultural Relations 'Mexico -. USSR "