Kodwa kungani kudingeka, lokhu ukushisa ezithile amandla omlilo

Ngemva lithathelwe umlilo abantu ubudala izidingo zabo njalo ngifuna ezinye izinketho ezintsha ngoba ukusetshenziswa umlilo, futhi zokubasa entsha. I-fuel elisetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene umlilo nezinto ezinokuvutha: okuqinile, uketshezi, gaseous. Yebo, ngakho konke lokhu ukushisa ezithile omlilo?

Ngu definition inani ukushisa ezivezwa amandla omlilo of 1 kg cube okuqinile noma 1. imitha lomcebo gaseous, - ukushisa ezithile amandla omlilo. Ukuze nesilinganiso yayo esetshenziswa Joule kilogram per (noma ngalinye imitha cubic) noma ama-calories kilogram per.

Kakade kusukela definition kuyacaca ukuthi umqondo ezifana ukushisa ezithile omlilo ivumela ukuqhathanisa phakathi zokubasa ezahlukene ngokwabo. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ubungako bamandla ngesimo ukushisa ingatholakala iyunithi nophethiloli. Njalo into, lesi silinganiso zizohluka. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda ngokucacile ngaphezulu ubheke zokukhiqiza ibhukwana.

It kuvela ukuthi ukhuni ukushisa ezithile omlilo kuyinto 8,4-11 MJ / kg, kodwa ngeke amalahle 15-16 MJ / kg. Kusho ukuthini lokhu?

Kodwa lapha konke silula. Omunye amakhilogramu kwamalahle lapho kushiswe liletha ukutjhisa ngaphezulu cishe izikhathi ezimbili ephakeme kunaleyo ukuthi etholwe evutha a amakhilogramu izinkuni, lapha sikhuluma izinkuni nge umswakama ezithile. Ngoba uma nomswakama ukhuni kuphezulu, ingxenye ye energy ezishisayo uzobe esichithwa ukuhwamuka futhi vaporization yamanzi eziqukethwe ukhuni umphumela wokugcina kuyoba buhlungu nakakhulu.

Namanje kungenzeka ukucubungula isicelo esisebenzayo leli qiniso ubuciko. Siya emuva kancane, ngenkathi umusi amakhanda futhi wemikhumbi. Kusukela yokuthi sibona ukushisa ezithile amandla omlilo uphethiloli (izinkuni namalahle) kuhlukile lokhu, kuba sobala ukuthi ngendlela efanayo ukuze esitimela noma ukhuni ngesitimu badinga okungaphezu amalahle. Yiqiniso, uma sicabanga ukuthi amandla bachitha endleleni ngendlela efanayo, kungakhathaliseki nophethiloli.

Futhi kuvela omunye esinqumeni isibonelo ngenhla. Ukwazi ukushisa ezithile amandla omlilo, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi mangaki amakhilomitha uzokwazi ukushayela isikebhe esitimela noma ngomkhumbi, kokuba supply fuel ukhuni noma ngamalahle. Uma umthamo uphethiloli ukwenza iphutha, khona-ke yonke i-traffic umzila kuzophela.

Kakade it has ngokoqobo lapho uqala nje ukubona ukhetho engacabangeki ezingadingekile. Ungakwazi uqhathanise izinto ezahlukene futhi ukucacisa kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa kwawo esimweni esithile njengoba kubaswa ngazo umlilo, kanye ukuhlola umthelela lolu hlelo.

Okusanda kwenziwa okuningi inkulumo mayelana kwathatha kweminye imithombo yamandla esikhundleni uphethiloli. Uma ubheka le nkinga ngokombono amandla amathuba uphethiloli is hhayi othinta isiphi esinye isici lolu daba, isimo kuyacaca futhi esobala. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, futhi ukucabanga ngani eminye, ukushisa ezithile omlilo of nophethiloli uyindlala 44-47 MJ / kg ETHYL utshwala - 27 MJ / kg. Nakuba utshwala ETHYL kufanelekile ukusetshenziswa njengoba yokubasela yangaphakathi omlilo engine, uma uqhathanisa idatha ngenhla eyatholakala ngesimo esifanayo njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, ne izinkuni namalahle. ETHYL utshwala badinga isikhathi esithe xaxa, ngeke ashayele imoto ku isiteshi igesi encane, amandla injini ngokusebenzisa utshwala ukuna.

Nokho, lokhu kusho ETHYL utshwala noma methyl. Uma e ukusetshenziswa njengendlela uphethiloli butyl utshwala, ukushisa kabani ezithile omlilo kuyafana ukuthi uphethiloli, i-automakers ucwaningo esisebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa kwayo njengoba uphethiloli esikhundleni uphethiloli, kodwa akubahluphi inkinga.

Ngakho, kuyacaca ukuthi ukushisa ezithile amandla omlilo kuyisici sobuntu ketshezi, uphethiloli ethile. Lokhu value ikuvumela ukuqhathanisa amakhono izinto ezahlukene kanye nezinto ezibhaliwe, ukuhlola amathuba abo kanye nobubi obuthile.