Amathuluzi ngokomzimba ngoba ezikole

Esikhathini emakilasini physics kwanoma iyiphi semfundo uyohlale amathuluzi, ukubaluleka lapho ungathanda ukwazi, ukuqonda ukuthi kusebenza kanjani kanye iziphi. sifundo isikhathi ukusiza ukuze kukhanye up amadivaysi ngokomzimba - nesilinganiso ngobuningi ngokusebenzisa kwabo kuzokwenza izifundo mnandi. Futhi abafundi bakwazi kangcono ukufunda into.

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukusebenzisa amadivayisi abonakalayo

Yiziphi amadivayisi abonakalayo elisizungezile? Ngo idivayisi ekhethekile elikuvumela ukuba buthelela, ukutsenga, ukubala kanye ukucubungula ulwazi etholakala imihlola ezithile nemiphumela Eqinisweni,. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvumela kuwe ukucubungula imiphumela ukuze bathole nanoma iyiphi imithombo ulwazi okungatholakala eziqhutshwa esikhathini esizayo.

amadivaysi Physical ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuthola ithonya ngqo kunoma iyiphi izinto noma ukushintsha inkambo yawo esebenzisa izinqubo ezithile. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba adlulisele ulwazi ibanga nokuningi. Yileyo umlamuleli phakathi zemvelo futhi le ndoda langempela uyithuluzi.

amathuluzi amaningi emzimbeni ziye yasungulwa ngekhulu elidlule, kodwa kusetshenziswa kakhulu kuze kube yilolu suku. Babekwazi nezinguquko, eliphumela ekuthuthukeni kwabantu, kodwa isimiso wokusebenza sawo siyafana ezimweni eziningi, ezimisiwe. Nangezinkolelo-ze ezihlukahlukene zokuguqulwa ongalinikeza amakhono namakhono wokulinganisa.

cwaningo School physics

Ngokwe ekuthuthukiseni umgudu nokufeza izimfuno okwandisa wolwazi izindawo esikoleni nezimfuneko abafundi 'esikhulayo kuhlomisa emahhovisi nge imishini ekhethekile ezokwenza ukuba inqubo yokufunda zenzeke ezingeni eliphezulu futhi uzokwazi nentshisekelo abafundi.

Ukuhlomisa ehhovisi ngokomzimba kunzima ngempela ngesikhathi samanje, njengoba imishini ebizayo, futhi okudingekayo ukuze uthole amanye amadivayisi noma ekulinganiseni amadivayisi kunzima.

Ngokuhambisana nezidingo zemfundo kwakudingeka yokusungula ezinkulu kakhulu imishini. Ukutholakala imishini ekuhloleni physics uzokwenza yena isifundo omunye imisebenzi ozithandayo esikoleni kuhlanganise lonke nomkhakha we izifundo zesayensi, okwenza kube lula ukuze wathwalwa yizingelosi inqubo yokufunda.

Izinhlobo amadivayisi abonakalayo

amadivaysi angokomzimba ibanga elikhulu - khetha noma iyiphi enye ngokuvumelana nezidingo zakho. amadivaysi Physical abasizungezile - bajwayele ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngisho wonke amahora evamile bayisibonelo omkhulu lokhu. Bavumela kithi ukukala isikhathi nokuhlelela ukusetshenziswa amahora abo njengoba umthombo.

Ukuze wenze yokukala ubukhulu noma amagugu, udinga nje ukuthatha imishini kwesokudla futhi wazi izici kakhulu sokusebenza naye. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulinganise amperage? Thatha ammeter, futhi ngeke babhekane nalesi msebenzi. Esimeni isidingo ukukala amandla kwanele ukuthatha cell umthwalo futhi simazi kangcono izimiso emsebenzini wayo. Ingabe ufuna ukukala izinga lokushisa? Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuba ne-thermometer noma izinga lokushisa, futhi inkinga isixazululekile. A ezihlukahlukene amadivayisi abonakalayo mikhulu futhi kungaba ukuhlangabezana nezidingo yiluphi uhlobo.

Izici kwegama ithuluzi

Amadivayisi ngokomzimba, amagama okuyinto, njengoba umthetho, zivumelana nenjongo yabo obusebenzayo, akunzima ukuqonda. I ammeter efanayo ibizwa ngokuthi ngakho ngenxa yokuthi inquma amandla samanje amperes - ekhethekile amayunithi. Izinyathelo voltmeter voltage e volts, umthwalo iseli izinyathelo amandla lokhu uhlamvu elithi "ugesi" isiGreki ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "amandla".

Caliper mercury izinga lokushisa, barometer, a voltmeter, a hygrometer kwengqondo, i ammeter kanye dynamometer - konke lokhu imishini sokulinganisa ngokomzimba, lapho kufanele ibe ehhovisi esikoleni ngesikhathi ikilasi elihlobene ne nesilinganiso amagugu ethile. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi iKhabhinethi imishini ye physics akugcini imishini sokulinganisa, ngaphezu ekilasini lakhe noma izilaleli kufanele kube izinto ezikuvumela ukuthi idale iphinde futhi abangele lomkhuba kufanele kulinganiswe. Kungaba babashayeli, lokungeniswa ohlobo, amalensi, amabhethri, nokunye, nokunye okuningi.

Amadivayisi ezisizungezile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke

Amadivayisi ngokomzimba, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, yonke indawo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Isibonelo salokhu amahora adingekayo sesikhathi, kodwa azigcini. Le ndoda ngokuvamile kakhulu ebhekene amadivayisi ekhaya. umugqa Plain, istophuwoshu nomshini wokubala - izibonelo ephawulekayo.

Bathi "umndeni" ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, umugqa ivumela ukukala ibanga. Nokho, asetshenziselwa izilinganiso zalolu hlobo, namanye amadivayisi. Roulette, osezingeni (ithuluzi), caliper, nabanye abaningi nakho kudingekile futhi ngaphandle kwabo awukwazi ukwenza kweminye imikhakha yobuchwepheshe. Sisebenzisa nemishini izilinganiso ngokomzimba ekhaya, eholidini noma emsebenzini, singenza ngisho awuboni noma akazange ulihlanganisa ukubaluleka kwalokhu, kodwa kuyiqiniso.

amanani ngokomzimba

Unombono olunembile ubuningi ngokomzimba kungaba uma alinganiswe. Isidingo wokulinganisa, ukuqopha nekuhlatiya lucobo wavela kubantu namanje e isigaba saso iqale isencane, ukutadisha nemvelo kanye izenzakalo zawo. A intuthuko njalo yafuna izindlela zokulinganisa izinkinga ukuthola ukufundwa esinembile.

Kuyini nesilinganiso eliningi ngokomzimba? It is beqhathanisa okungafani ngayo ukubaluleka inqubo, okuyinto sathathwa njengoba ezivamile wokulinganisa iyunithi. Isibalo lucobo wehlukile ngempela futhi eziningi zazo zibhalwe banomlando ezinkulu nezihlala sokudalwa nokwakheka kwalo emkhakheni wesayensi ukuze ezihleliwe izinga izici.

Imihlobo elula amadivayisi ngokomzimba

imishini Physical eklanyelwe ukukala lutho, zingahlelwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ngo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nomklamo walo ukucabanga ngezinto ezinjalo angahluka ngempela ngokunamandla. By the way, amadivaysi ngokomzimba kungadalwa mathupha, ngezandla zakhe. Futhi ungakweyi ukubaluleka amathuluzi alula, futhi imishini eyinkimbinkimbi kumele isetshenziswe kuphela uma sibalulekile ngempela.

amathuluzi amaningi emzimbeni kufanele isakhiwo kakhulu elula, isimiso kanye indlela yomsebenzi. Lezi zinhlobo zihlanganisa evamile ububanzi, alelo washi lika, izikali nokuningi. Ngamanye amazwi, lokho kuyinto lingakhiwa ngisho ngaphandle kosizo futhi ukuze uwasebenzise njengasemuva kudivayisi ukala ngokomzimba.

Ubukhulu izilinganiso ngokomzimba futhi izinhlobo zawo

Izinsimbi ukala ngokomzimba, isethi esikalini. Kukhona ngisho isayensi njengoba Metrology. It etadisha izindlela nezindlela zokulinganisa kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba babambisane ezikhona izinhlobo ezahlukene izilinganiso futhi ukuzixazulula izinkinga eziningi uhlelo yesayensi ezingokoqobo.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana izikali (banezimfanelo ezahlukene ezenza esiyingqayizivele):

1. Scale izinto, okuyinto kungabuye ngokuthi esikalini ngokuhlelwa ngezigaba. Inani lalo ukudlala indima amalebuli isetshenziselwe ukuthola ezihlukahlukene lezinto.
2. isikali Isikhawu. It has ekuchithweni kwayo inombolo ethile Slots, futhi ikuvumela ukuba ulinganise umehluko ubukhulu iyiphi izenzakalo futhi izinto.
3. Scale sokulinganisa oda (isikhundla) enikeza lokulawula lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama izinto ngokuvumelana nezici zabo ezingokomzimba.
4. Scale ukulinganisa Ubuhlobo - kuyafana kwi Imiphumela esikalini ngezikhawu, kodwa inenani iphuzu zero futhi ingunaphakade. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba banqume uuthi izikhathi ukubaluleka ngowokuqala ngaphezulu noma esingaphansi yesibili, kusetshenziswa indlela: A1 / A2 = k.
5. isikali Absolute. It ikuvumela ukuba ulinganise amagugu ngokuphelele.

Scale amadivayisi abonakalayo zakhiwa futhi esekelwe zalezi zinhlobo izinhlelo uphawu. Yiqiniso, abaningi babo ngokuvamile babe izilinganiso zabo izilinganiso, okungukuthi, division esikalini ngasinye kungase kudingeke inani layo, okuboniswe njengoba umthetho, phezu ithuluzi noma imiyalelo ukusetshenziswa kwaso.

Isisetshenziswa: isethelwe isigaba physics

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukutadisha physics kumele babe bobabili amadivayisi abonakalayo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi elula imishini, uhlu engatholwa ngisho imibhalo zomthetho normative.

Spectroscope, ikhoyili-Resistor, a rheostat, futha, odonsa, umbusi, isikali, ikhampasi, lens, esikhombe, ngocingo isikulufa, a umumo womsebenzi nehele, inzwa conductivity, a hygrometer, a Blower, a alelo washi lika, a isitophuwashi, isilinda yokulinganisa, ezihlukahlukene izidakamizwa - ke nje uhlu encane lokho kufanele ngisho isibopho kuzo zonke ekilasini, lapho afundela khona physics. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke lezi zindlela osekukhulunywe okushiwoyo, kumelwe eliningi eyanele ukunikeza impahla edingekayo ukuvumela umfundi ngamunye.

Instruments sokulinganisa eziguquguqukayo eziphathekayo imfanelo ebaluleke kakhulu noma isiphi isigaba kusuka zocwaningo laboratory, kusukela ngaphandle kwabo kuyoba khona isipiliyoni esiwusizo ekutholeni amagugu nesilinganiso futhi ukuthi kungenzeka ukubala ngqo, kodwa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokufunda.

izinhlobo izilinganiso

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-kokulinganisela ukuthi isekelwe ezimisweni ezahlukene yokuzimisela nokuzikhandla kwawo, futhi badinga ukwazi, yize imishini efanayo ingasetshenziswa kokubili ingxolo

1. izilinganiso okuqondile, ngokuyisisekelo esakhiwa ekutholweni esiqondile ingcosana into ethile nge yokulinganisa ukubaluleka kwayo primordial.
2. Ngaphezu nesilinganiso oqondile, kukhona engesobala. Lapha, ubuningi nokubaluleka kwalo ibalwa esekelwe ukwencika eziningi maqondana ukuthi which is dingeka ukuthola, futhi ezingamalungu kuxhumene ngokuqondile.

Inani lamadivayisi ngokomzimba futhi kufinyelelwe iziphetho ezinembile

Inani imishini ngokomzimba ayikwazi phansi. Kufeza indima enkulu kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi ngokomzimba kanye ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngesikhatsi sesifundvo, amadivayisi njenge ukuvumela isikhathi ukuze kukhanye up ekufezeni imisebenti leyentiwako, ucwaningo, kuzovumela umfundi ukwethula ulwazi ukukhanya ezijabulisayo futhi icacile. wachitha Nokho, isifundo ethakazelisayo, yebo, sibe ikhiqize kuka kunabantu abangakwazanga ukuba nentshisekelo umfundi ngesihloko esithile. Uma sikhuluma ukubaluleka amadivayisi abonakalayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, lawa izinhlobo zezinto ukuvumela umuntu ukudala ezihlukahlukene izimo nokwandisa nokusimamisa isimo sabo ngo imvelo.