Ukusebenzisa izakhiwo wave yokukhanya. umumo womsebenzi nehele

Imvelo wave yokukhanya isivele kwafakazela isikhathi eside. Ukuze axazulule izinkinga eziwusizo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izimiso ka yokukhanya weJiyomethri, kodwa izakhiwo wave yokukhanya is kabanzi kakhulu esetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yesayensi yanamuhla nobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo lena umumo womsebenzi. Ikhono igagasi ukugoba azungeze izithiyo nazo endleleni yayo, futhi waziwa ngokukhanya. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amagagasi kuwele ngaphansi okuthiwa isithunzi weJiyomethri. Ukuchazwa mkhuba umumo womsebenzi unika Huygens 'isimiso. Ngokusho le ncazelo, iphuzu ngalinye endleleni igagasi esukuma, kuba isikhungo amagagasi yesibili. I imvilophi ngala magagasi kunikezwa wavefront isikhundla ngoba iphuzu ngalinye okwalandela ngesikhathi.

Kusibonelo igagasi indiza ngokuvamile kwesigameko umgodi eyenziwe isikrini opaque, imfundiso yokuziphendukela Huygens, iphuzu ngalinye elikwazi lwabelwe i ingxenye yokuqala ye-wavefront, yikhono umuntu azalwa nalo ube umthombo amagagasi yesibili (e konemimoya isotropic eyohlobo kukhona eyindilinga).

Ubufakazi obanelisayo ukwakha imvilophu amagagasi secondary iphuzu elithile ngesikhathi, kalula umkhondo lo mkhuba umumo womsebenzi wave emaphethelweni emgodini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-wavefront engena endaweni okuthiwa isithunzi yejeyomethri.

Ukusebenzisa umumo womsebenzi izakhiwo kabanzi lisetshenziswe idivayisi, esibizwa ngokuthi i-umumo womsebenzi nehele. Ekuhloleni kwabo kokuqala ezihilela le umumo womsebenzi yokukhanya Dzheyms Gregori wasebenzisa feather evamile. Ngemva kwalokho, salandelwa ethize kudivayisi optical. I nehele umumo womsebenzi libhalwe phezu ezithile nabaningi imigqa ahlelwe njalo. Zingaba njengoba izikhala kanye emisebenzi, kuncike zinhlobo lapho nehele ukhonkolo.

Zimbili izinhlobo ngamahele - lembhali futhi esobala. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa kumadivayisi asebenzisa surface lembhali imivimbo osetshenziswayo. Eyesibili ebusweni esobala elisetshenziswe lapha singasetshenziswa njengoba kuthintwa kokuqeda, futhi umqhewu.

Isimiso ezisebenza we umumo womsebenzi nehele ngokuqondile kuthiwa alotshwa wave izakhiwo ukukhanya. Ukuze aphule ukukhanya wave phambi Izinsimbi esetshenziswa imivimbo. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa okubizwa ngokuthi imishayo ngabanye yokukhanya ngalokulingene. Othola umumo womsebenzi ngokuthinta, ngakho ziphazamisa nomunye. Njengoba sazi ukuthi banemibono engafani we maxima ukuphazamiseka ukudala engele ezahlukene ngokuphelele (kunqunywa indlela umehluko kwaphazamiseka imishayo), atholakala e-okukhipha ukubola zibe spectrum yokukhanya emhlophe.

I nehele umumo womsebenzi isetshenziswa njengophawu kudivayisi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene umsebenzi womuntu. It is lisetshenziswe amathuluzi spectroscopic nokuthi izinzwa optical we emincane (lwento) ukunyakaza njengoba polarizers noma okuhlungayo infrared. Futhi, kungase kube idabula ugongolo ngokuba interferometers noma ingilazi amaphuzu "anti-lembhali".

Kukhona umumo womsebenzi nehele ngoba X-ray. Idale kwenzakala umsebenzi ngokomthetho engenakwenzeka. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, ososayensi ngihambile indlela yokuqala. Ukuze noqhekeko kwama-X ray esetshenziswa crystal ngamahele amakristalu ezithile.

Njengoba isici main kubhekwa isinqumo umumo womsebenzi nehele. Limelela inani eliphelele imigqa kugridi, okuyinto iyanda ngomyalo ugongolo esiphezulu. Le nkulumo ingase lubhalwe nakakhulu Ebhala ngokugomela kokuthi umehluko phakathi imvamisa isici ilingane okuhambisanayo of umehluko phakathi ngezikhawu isikhathi ndima imisebe ezimbi nakakhulu, elibizwa bagxambukele ezindabeni zethu.

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke isibonelo esihle ziphume ezikhaleni umumo womsebenzi singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela compact disk noma ngoqwembe. Kodwa womshini imishini industrial asebenzisa imishini yokukhulisa zobuchwepheshe ngobuciko eliphezulu.