Iziphi izici inqubomgomo nezokulima kwadingeka ohulumeni elimhlophe ngesikhathi kulwiwa?

Kuye ngalokho izici kwadingeka Inqubomgomo wezolimo ohulumeni White eyakhelwe nobuhlobo babo abantukazana, okuyinto asekelwe amaKhomanisi, izitha zabo. Phakathi Yombango, Denikin, Kolchak futhi Wrangel wakwazi ukuthuthukisa lonke uhlelo ezihlobene nezolimo, kodwa bengakaze awenziwanga.

Ukubaluleka nezinkinga zasemaphandleni

Izazi-mlando asaphenya ukuthi kwadingeka Inqubomgomo ikakhulukazi kwezolimo ohulumeni emhlophe. Ucwaningo olusha okwabangelwa ukutholakala kwemibhalo ezazingaziwa, nokunye. D. umongo Ukubheduka kweMpi Civil, isikhundla abantukazana sika laliya asemqoka kunoma yibuphi amandla. Lokho abantu bendawo bavele baba umgogodla impi, futhi kwakuxhomeke kubo ukuchuma nemibuso yezombangazwe engazinzile. Ukudlondlobala abantukazana ukukhononda kungasho ukufa ngoba amaBolshevik futhi abasekeli kwamakhosi noma i-republic.

Ngakho-ke, zonke uhulumeni kusukela ngo-1917, ayezama ukushweleza bakule ndawo, sizivumelanise nezimo ukuze izithakazelo zabo. Ngaphambi October Revolution, udaba umhlaba ukuxazululwa kancane kancane ezahamba ngayo imithetho kanye nezimiso. Lapho Petrograd amaBolshevik ashaqe amandla, isimo sesishintshile kakhulu. Lwasekuqaleni izixazululo, izinguquko ngokuvumelana nezindlela short-term - lawa izici inqubomgomo nezokulima kwadingeka ohulumeni elimhlophe ngesikhathi kulwiwa.

izinguquko ekubalekeni

Ngisho ngaphansi uNicholas II wabhekwa emphilweni kabusha Stolypin sika Izindawo abalimi engumthengisi eSiberia nge ukuthengwa ezweni ngesikweletu. Lolu hlelo kungavumi ukuba lisebenze ngendlela full-scale empini ensimini ka-Russia.

Njengoba emkhomba Economist sefilosofi uPetru Struve, zonke anti-bangamakhomanisi kwadingeka ukuba ngokushesha bachithe impahla kusukela isimo ukuze kuzuze abantu bakulo muzi. Ngamanye amazwi, azimele komhlaba labetibambile ezisheshayo, futhi ngokuvamile akazange zivumelana kwezinkambiso zomthetho. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi ngenxa yokuthi abalimi esikhathini esiningi babengakujwayele imithetho kanye neminye imibhalo zokulawula.

imisebenzi ungaqiniseki eningizimu

Ngakho iziphi izici inqubomgomo nezokulima kwase ohulumeni elimhlophe? Umsuka walo eziyisisekelo incike ngokuphelele ukubukwa yabaholi. Ngakho, uMlawuli VSYUR Anton Denikin ngokuthi izimiso ezintathu: nilondoloze ubunikazi, ukwenza lutho ukulondoloza ukuthula ezweni, ukusekela ukwenziwa zokusanhlamvu kanye nezinye izitshalo ezingeni okwanele ukuba kondle ibutho. Zonke lezi zinyathelo yayingeyesikhashana. Denikin yena wavuma ukuthi sonke inqubomgomo abamhlophe kuleli Kuban noDon postpones umbuzo nezokulima kuze izikhathi ezingcono kuphela, lapho amandla kulo lonke lelo zwe ekugcineni kuyoba ezandleni esisemthethweni futhi amaBolshevik bayakuphonswa.

Kwakuyisikhathi sengqondo kunalokho nevilaphayo. Nakuba ezimhlophe lenyuka, uLenin kakade yokutholwa Isinqumo ku Land, impahla Kwadliwa ngaphansi okuyinto umninindlu - izitha ubudala kanye nabacindezeli abalimi. Lokhu kwanika amaBolshevik ukwesekwa kule ndawo. Denikin nezinye White ajezise kulendawo wahluleka, ngoba kuye kwaba esinye sezikhathi izinsika oludala, okuyiwona iningi labo bayehluleka.

Khansela kwamaBolshevik izimiso

Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izici Yemfihlo kokuLima kohulumeni ukukhipha abalimi abamhlophe abenza suschimi kwakubonakala lutho uma kuqhathaniswa impi ubukhomanisi, okuyinto laqanjwa umbuso wamaSoviet. Emaphandleni, requisitioning waqiniswa - izakhamuzi baphuthunyiswe 70% imikhiqizo.

Abalambayo bakule ndawo baya Denikin, Wrangel, Kolchak, nokunye. E., Aqonda ukuthi kwadingeka Inqubomgomo ikakhulukazi kwezolimo ohulumeni emhlophe. Kafushane, Amakhomanisi nabaphikisi, iyadumaza kuwo kunoma iyiphi indawo ngokushesha wayiqeda nyá imithetho Soviet nezimiso kohlelo isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona-ukwabiwa. Uma umnikazi owayeyinhloko isayithi wayengekho, khona-ke kubeka okwesikhashana wawugxilisa Isikhwama isimo.

Ngokwesibonelo eSiberia

ESiberia, ikakhulukazi inqubomgomo nezokulima kohulumeni ezimhlophe, ngamafuphi, sihluke Denikin ngenxa esisuka zokuxhumana kanye indawo ebanzi. Ikakhulukazi, iphrofayli sidaliwe Ministry of Ezolimo, okwakubekelwa wahlanganyela sokuxazulula ezweni izingxabano phakathi kwabanikazi. Sekuke kwaba khona zemstvos ukusungulwa futhi. Yibona ubuncane iyunithi zokuphatha. umkhandlu wesifunda ekhashelwa phansi futhi kulandelwe bangasephula amalungelo endawo.

ukuguqulwa laseSiberia iyisibonelo esivelele inqubomgomo uma uhulumeni ezama ukuxazulula udaba oluthile engxoxweni yasobala. umkhandlu okhethekile yasungulwa le njongo. Lalihlanganisa hhayi kuphela izikhulu Ministry of Justice and Agriculture. Kwakukhona futhi ohanjelwa amalunga akhethwe abantukazana nezinye izakhamuzi zendawo of endaweni ethize.

Kulokhu engokomfanekiso, lapho Kolchak ngesikhathi ukubukeka zomphakathi Chelyabinsk ngo-1919, wachaza ukuthi uyini kwadingeka Inqubomgomo ikakhulukazi kwezolimo ohulumeni emhlophe. Impendulo emfushane: umbusi ophakeme Russia babekholelwa ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukuba ayeke oludala, nalapho leliya lizwe kwakukhona lapho ukubusa bamazwe enkulu. Kolchak wathi uhulumeni okudingeka ukuthi abe mancane futhi eqinile ongumlimi ezibonakalayo, okuyinto yayiyoba kwesisekelo umnotho emakethe kuleli zwe.

isiphetho

March 26, 1919 ezingu ngenhla umbusi ophakeme Russia zakhiwa endaweni walungisa ngokukhethekile "yomculo umhlaba." Uhulumeni White ugcizelela ukuthi esikhathini esizayo kuyoba unakekele abampofu abalimi abampofu, imindeni sintula. Izigebengu amenyezelwa yilabo kusukela ngosuku athunjwa noma wabelane umhlaba womunye umuntu.

Ngokuvamile, nezitha inqubomgomo nezokulima we amaBolshevik lingachazwa ngokuthi inqubomgomo kokubonwa kwempahla yangasese. White yayifisa esikhathini esizayo ukwakha Isikhwama isimo ukuthi kwakuyoba ukusabalalisa zonke ndawo yasekuqaleni phakathi abahlanganyeli emakethe.