Izinkondlo Freedom abathanda - lokhu izinkondlo is ... Yini inkululeko abathanda?

Freedom abathanda izinkondlo - kungcono isosha esihlatshelelwayo, elalinikezelwe izinkinga yentando, inkululeko obubonakala ngendlela ehlukahlukene, etshumayela imibono zobuntu kanye isifiso sokuthola inkululeko yokuzibusa. Ezincwadini isiRashiya, mhlawumbe lokhu kuphazanyiswa kakhulu ngokucebile amelwe umsebenzi imbongi omkhulu Russian kwekhulu le-19 Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

kwamiswa Freedom abathanda amazwi Pushkin ngesikhathi ukuvelela ukwazi civil we abakhileyo ezweni lakithi ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili (1812), kanye phambi kwavukelwa we Decembrists (iphutha Disemba 14, 1825). Ukuphila-ngokugomela bokubanga zezinkondlo, umlobi kwaba nemiphumela yalezi zenzakalo. Phakathi inombolo enkulu izisusa ezahlukene izinkondlo ka-Aleksandru ingenye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu isihloko inkululeko, isisusa "inkululeko ongcwele".

Igama elithi "inkululeko"

Ukuze siphendule umbuzo ukuthi izinkondlo inkululeko-onothando, kuzomele uqale ichaze lokho elithi "inkululeko". Ukuze isizukulwane 10 - 20s kwekhulu le-19 - lokhu nomoya wokuzibusa Imifelandawonye enobungane, futhi impumuzo kuleyo okuthiwa "ukucindezelwa amandla ebulalayo", futhi ujabulele komkhathi omangalisayo ubunjalo eRussia, futhi umuzwa inkululeko yayo olusankondlo, inkululeko ukudala.

Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, Pushkin waphawula ukuvela indlela okudala umbhali, indlela eyisa Umdwebo ngokoqobo, futhi ngenxa yalokho umfanekiso lyrical yakhe.

The hero lyrical ka Pushkin

Ngezinye Alexander Sergeyevich ke - inkululeko-onothando futhi ubuntu izibusiso ezicebile ngokomoya, bakulungele ukunikela ngenxa imbangela ezivamile inkululeko yomuntu siqu, uyothembeka kuye, kukhona ukuphikisana phakathi ngokoqobo futhi romantic amaphupho, ukubhikisha ngokumelene yiluphi uhlobo despotism, bekholelwa ekunqobeni ongenakugwenywa ubulungiswa, kanye philosophically baqonde inkinga enkululeko . Zonke-ke - izici lyrical, ukuyibhala le isosha esihlatshelelwayo futhi uvusa izinkinga ezithile. Yilokho izinkondlo yini inkululeko abathanda.

"Liberty" futhi "Ukuze Chaadaev"

Ngakho, e-ODE "Liberty", owasungulwa ngo-1817, bese kuba umzukuzuku ezenzweni zonya, esiqhutshwa egameni ngokunqoba inkululeko. "Vuka, bawa nezigqila!" - ubiza umbhali.

Call ukulwela inkululeko liyezwakala enye inkondlo, abhalwe 1818 futhi eyayibhalelwe "umngane" imbongi kanye nemngani sokumelana despotism kaPetru Yakovlevich Chaadaev. Uhlobo kuyinto - umlayezo ngokucacile wezwa izwi zezombusazwe. Izingcingo kumbhali usichithe wobaba "Soul ipheshulwa okukhulu."

Bonke abantu lesichubekako, abantu besikhathi sika-Alexander, linda inkululeko ngomzuzu ongcwele njengomuntu owayethanda abasha - ". Ngomzuzu bye othembekile ' Kulesi umyalezo, ungathola izithombe ezimbili: ". Amandla idwala" le Motherland kanye Siyabonga kubo, ngaphambi iso ingqondo ka umfundi isithombe siyavela we nzima isimo lokhokho. Inkondlo ukhuluma igama elithi "inkanyezi", okusho ukuthi kule silulumagama zezombusazwe zeminyaka inguquko, uphawu ngokunqoba yokukhululwa kunjalo.

"The Village"

Phakathi uhambo edolobhaneni Mikhailovskoye ngo-1819, imbongi wabhala kokubili indalo yakhe, "The Village", okuyinto sibhekiswe serfdom - omunye okubi okukhulu eRussia. The hero lyrical yalo msebenzi yonke indawo ukubukela "Ukungazi ihlazo bayafa kuzo." Yakhelwe "dolobhana" isimiso upholavuthondaba: incazelo enhle ka ubuhle bemvelo e umoya sentimentalism engxenyeni yokuqala kanti eyesibili - kakhulu beshintsha yona kanye indlela izinkondlo nesigci. Le ngxenye - invective, siveza izithombe generalized we serfs nokugqilazwa le kulendawo 'mafutha "futhi" zasendle-izikhulu ".

Okunye Tinkondlo iminyaka 1820-1824

Esikhathini isiqephu esilandelayo, abhalwe 1820, "ucime ikhwezi" izwi eRama kwemizwelo lyrical ekukhungathekeni. Umbhali libhekisela umkhumbi ngekholi okukuthwala "ukuze imikhawulo kude" on the "bethanda ezilwandle ezikhohlisayo."

Okunye izinkondlo inkululeko-onothando ka Pushkin - "The Prisoner" (1822), kanye Elegy "Ukuze Yasolwandle" (1824), lapho kukhona inkululeko motif elihlobene ne indaba yobugqila. Esikhathini yesibili kolwandle limelela ukuzimela ngokuphelele yomuntu - njengoba asankondlo ngaphakathi.

I yenguquko umsebenzi

Kusukela 1825 emsebenzini esankondlo umlobi waphawula ophukayo elihlobene ne ukuvela kancane kancane okwangempela emsebenzini wakhe, futhi nalo ukuvela izindikimba inkululeko athanda izinkondlo of A. S. Pushkina. Kubonakala esisemthethweni futhi ushintsho ezinkondlweni yaleyo minyaka umfanekiso iqhawe lyrical. Manje kokudabula ukunqotshwa onzima Decembrists, nabangane babo, gcina kwezifiso zawo okusezingeni eliphezulu. Freedom abathanda izinkondlo - lokhu akukona ukukhazinyuliswa romantic wokuzibusa umuntu yokudala sika. Alexander wayesenze amaphutha Sahlukana ukukhohlisa zeminyaka yakhe esencane, wenza oda nokhahlo emphakathini, kodwa umusho hola, umphakathi ihlukaniswe nimlalele futhi amakhosi. Manje iqhawe lyrical eqiniseka ukuthi kwenkululeko civil awutholakali ngaphandle umuzwa wangaphakathi inkululeko yomuntu ngamunye.

"Anchar"

Njengoba kulotshiwe 1828 inkondlo "Anchar" Pushkin udalula kuwukubonakaliswa ngobushiqela, okusikisela ukuthi libuye likhulume 'izinkondlo inkululeko-kothando. " Lo msebenzi kusala ezibuhlungu. Oro imele wedwa endaweni yonke, efana amahora esabekayo, kusho nethafa efanele. Ngisho imvelo bhunkula it, alamukeli lokhu ukuthi "ushevu esihlahleni", "isihlahla sokufa." Kodwa lapha ukuze Ancharov wathumela "umuntu womuntu," futhi wabuyela ngebutsi. Inceku akusho bephikisana intando yenkosi yakhe, zandile okubi, besebenzisa enobuthi esihlahleni ubisi ngoba imicibisholo yazo futhi wazithuma ukuba imikhawulo angomakhelwane.

Poems iminyaka 1829-1835

izisusa yefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo okuhlotshaniswa isihloko inkululeko, kubonise izinkondlo inkululeko abathanda ezinjalo Pushkin ngokuthi "mina azulazule ..." (1829), "Elegy" (1830), "Ngaphinde wavakashela" (1835).

Enkondlweni yokuqala, Pushkin ucabanga "Isihlahla se-oki esekusithekeni", okuyinto imiselwe bayiphile yokuguga, kakade "ngesikhathi yoBaba."

"Isikhumbuzo"

yi Original umsebenzi wokudala imbongi ihlinzekwa e abhalwe 1836, le nkondlo "Ngiye yamisa lesikhumbuzo ...". Futhi nakhu kancane imisindo ehlukene izinkondlo inkululeko abathanda. Lo msebenzi - ukuhunyushwa omunye izinkondlo kaHorace. U-Alexander uthi umsebenzi wakhe kumphathi inzalo yabantu nokuthi yadumisa izimiso inkululeko wabiza "sa liwile."

izici Uhlobo zezinkondlo inkululeko abathanda

Kufanele kuqashelwe uhlobo ezihlukahlukene imbongi lyric ngokuthi inkululeko abathanda: kungumnikelo Elegy, futhi ODE, kanye Sonnet, kanye nemiyalezo, netinkondlo lyrical. Kulezi imisebenzi, Pushkin bakwazile ukuhlanganisa izakhi le ncwadi futhi inkulumo okuxoxa ngesisekelo ulimi kazwelonke ophilayo. Ngo izinkondlo Alexander okuzisholo isitayela okusalungiswa ubugagu, futhi le njongo kufakwe umbhalo kwesikhalazo, kanye nesenzo in the mood ibalulekile. Isetshenziswa enjalo amasu kwezobuciko, njengoba Amatshwayo (ocean, ulwandle, inkanyezi - Amatshwayo inkululeko), ukuqhathanisa, anaphora, nabanye.

Esikhathini isosha esihlatshelelwayo izisusa kombhali zihlukene nenkululeko owawusekelwe owaqalwa bokubeka izinkondlo zakhe. Ngenxa yalokhu imisebenzi yakhe ezisekhona ikhulu leminyaka immortalized igama kumdlali. Freedom abathanda izinkondlo - okungukuthi, ngamafuphi, ucingo inkululeko, ukuphupha ngayo.

Inani inkululeko abathanda izinkondlo Pushkina

Impilo kanye nomsebenzi ka-Aleksandru Sergeyevich ayizange iphumelele ngaphandle kokushiya nokuncane. Freedom abathanda amazwi Pushkin waba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni setepolitiki yesikhathi. Umsebenzi wakhe kakhulu ukuthonywa ukuqhubeka izinkondlo yomphakathi Pushkin ibhizinisi waqhubeka Mihail Yurevich Lermontov, Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov, nabanye.

Yilokho amazwi Pushkin yini inkululeko abathanda. Lesi sihloko akubandakanyi zonke izinkondlo ezihlobene kulesi sigaba, ngakho-ekutadisheni ifa okudala Alexander Ungaqhubeka sithembele kweminye imithombo.