The main amasu obuciko. amasu yobuciko enkondlweni

Yiziphi izindlela kwezobuciko? Okokuqala, ukusebenza ngokuvumelana isitayela esithile, kusho othile izithombe, imiva nobuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali - master izinhlangano, umculi etemibhalo kanye meditator okukhulu. amasu yobuciko enkondlweni futhi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ukwenza kakhulu embhalweni. Ngenxa yalokho, njengoba umbhali, futhi ezimbalwa sisodwa kumiswa ngokolimi, awayona elinganiselwe ukusebenzisa kuphela ebusweni, incazelo eyinhloko yegama. Ukuze ukwazi ukungena yokucabanga ukujula, ngokuyisisekelo isithombe ofuna ukusebenzisa ezihlukahlukene abezindaba kwezobuciko.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfundi kudingeka ukuyenga nokuheha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amasu ahlukene, enika isithakazelo esikhethekile ezisebenzini lelandzisako ezinye imfihlakalo, ukuthi ufuna ukuxazulula. izimali Art uykhinjiswa izindlela ezahlukene. Kuyinto izakhi hhayi kuphela ebalulekile isithombe mazombe seragelo emhlabeni, kodwa futhi ukuhlolwa kombhali isizinda kanye ithoni jikelele umsebenzi, nokunye okuningi, njengoba sifunda ukudalwa esilandelayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi musa noma ucabange.

The main amasu kwezobuciko - isingathekiso, epithet futhi ukuqhathanisa. Nakuba ngokuvamile lo epithet ubonakala uhlobo sifanisongco, kodwa ngeke siye ehlathini nesayensi "tetemibhalo" futhi ngokuvamile ukuhlukanisa ke njengendlela agent olulodwa.

epithet

Epithet - iyinkosi incazelo. Akekho landscape, portrait, ingaphakathi kuqedile ngaphandle kwalo. Ngezinye izikhathi lo epithet kuphela yeqiniso akhethiwe kubaluleke kakhulu i isigaba sonke ukuthi badalelwa ukuze athole ukucaciseleka. Ngokuvamile, ekhuluma ngaye, libhekisela abahlanganyela noma tichasiso, uyokhipha ethile yesithombe kwezobuciko izici ezengeziwe futhi izici. Hhayi kudidaniswe incazelo okulula epithet.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze achaze iso banganikeza magama alandelayo: uyaphila, onsundu, ongagcwali, esikhulu, ngesineke, lwenkohliso. Ake sizame ukuhlukanisa lezi tiphawulo, kwaba ngamaqembu amabili, okuyilezi: Injongo (zemvelo) izakhiwo kanye subjective (uyazikhethela) sici. Sizobona ukuthi amagama anjengokuthi "esikhulu", "nsundu" futhi "zaveza 'adlulisele ukubaluleka kwalo okungukuthi ukwazi ukubona, ngoba amanga phezu. Ukuze sikwazi ukucabanga ukubukeka uhlamvu, izincazelo ezinjalo zibalulekile kakhulu. Nokho, ngokwemvelo lakhe elingaphakathi, ubunjalo okungcono uyakusitshela kuba "ongagcwali", "bukhoma", amehlo "ezinenkohliso '. Siqala usola ukuthi phambi kwethu kuyinto indoda engavamile, uthambekela ezisunguliwe ahlukahlukene, kokuba bukhoma, umphefumulo ezihambayo. Lokho lena impahla eziyisisekelo epithets zibonisa izici sitheza us at luhlolo kokuqala.

sifanisongco

Siphendukela omunye hhayi ngaphansi ezibalulekile indlela - singathekiso. Lokhu kuqhathanisa ezifihliwe, wezwakalisa njengoba ibizo. umsebenzi lombhali lapha - ukuqhathanisa izenzakalo futhi izinto, kodwa ngokucophelela futhi ngobuhlakani, ukuthi umfundi angeke ukuqagela ukuthi abeke kuye kule nto. Kwaba kanjalo kancane futhi ngokwemvelo, udinga ukusebenzisa noma isiphi amasu obuciko. Izibonelo izingathekiso Kukhona "namazolo izinyembezi", "entathakusa umlilo", njll isikhutha kuqhathaniswa izinyembezi kwelanga - emlilweni ..

ukuqhathanisa

Lesi sakamuva idivayisi ezibalulekile kwezobuciko - sifaniso, enika ngqo ngokusebenzisa Izinyunyana ezifana "uma", "indlela", "uma", "olunembile", "njengokungathi." Izibonelo zifaka phakathi okulandelayo: amehlo, sengathi ukuphila; namazolo like izinyembezi; isihlahla sengathi indoda endala. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi usebenzise epithet, isingathekiso noma ukuqhathanisa akufanele nje kuphela kube ngenxa "behlakaniphile". Embhalweni kungabikho nezinxushunxushu, kufanele gravitate ukuba ubuhle kanye nokuzwana, ngakho ngaphambi kokuthi usebenzise omunye emizileni, udinga ukuba awaqonde ngokucacile inhloso ngawo isetshenziswa, lokho esifuna ukukusho.

Okunye, nolunzima bungavami amasu kwezobuciko - lena ihaba (ihaba), upholavuthondaba (ukuphikiswa) kanye kombhala (reverse izwi oda).

upholavuthondaba

emizileni okunjalo, njengoba bokungafani, has izinhlobo ezimbili: kungase kube emincane (ngaphakathi isigaba esisodwa noma umusho) futhi ukhiphe (ibekwe ezigabeni eziningana noma Amakhasi). Le ndlela yokubamba izinhlanzi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa imisebenzi zabuna Russian esimweni uma ufuna uqhathanise heroes ezimbili. Ngokwesibonelo, u-Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin e inoveli yakhe "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika", bese ucatsanisa tintfo Pugacheva Grinyova futhi kamuva Nikolay vasilevich Gogol ukudala ekumeni abazalwane abadumile, u-Andrei futhi Ostap, futhi esekelwe bokungafani. amasu yobuciko enovelini "Oblomov" futhi zihlanganisa emizileni.

ihaba

Ihaba - indlela ozithandayo temibhalo njengoba amaqhawe, inganekwane futhi inkondlo. Kodwa wathola hhayi kuphela kuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, ihaba, "okulingene ukudla kwakhew yasendle" ingasetshenziswa iyiphi amanoveli, tindzaba letimfisha kanye nezinye imisebenzi yesiko umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela.

kombhala

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza amasu kwezobuciko imisebenzi. Inversion, njengoba ungase ukuqagela, isetshenziswa ukwenza umuzwa umkhiqizo ngaphezulu. Kuyinto ngokuvamile kungenzeka bagcine izinkondlo, kodwa ngokuvamile isebenzisa emizileni temibhalo yephrozi. Singasho sithi: "Le ntombazane yayiyinhle kunabanye." Futhi ungakwazi ekhamuluka ethi: "Le ntombazane lesoka handsome!" Ngokushesha kuvela nomdlandla, futhi inkulumo, nabanye abaningi ukuthi kungabonwa uma uqhathanisa izitatimende ezimbili.

indida

Emizileni elandelayo, indida ngenye indlela - a kufihlwe indida authorial, liyasetshenziswa kaningi ezincwadini. Yiqiniso, umsebenzi sína idinga ukuba sina, kodwa kufihlwe subtext Isimanga ngezinye izikhathi, kukhombisa Wit yomlobi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi iphoqa umfundi ukuhumusha umoya isikhathi futhi ulungiselela olandelayo, isigaba babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe. Indida ezihlekisayo umsebenzi lubaluleke. Amakhosi esikhulu esebenzisa inkulumo kwezobuciko - laseChekhov futhi Zoshchenko ngokusebenzisa le trope e izindaba zakhe.

ukubhuqa

Nge le ndlela-ke uhlobene eduze kwenye - ukubhuqa. Lokhu akuyona nje insini, libonisa ukuthi ubuthakathaka futhi ngikwazi ukuthenga ugwayi notshwala, ngezinye izikhathi ihaba, kuyilapho indida ngokuvamile kubangela isimo elikhanyayo. Ukuze ube isithombe more ephelele kulo mzila, ungakwazi ukufunda ezinye izindaba ezimnandi Fairy Saltykov-Shchedrin.

ukuzenza ongeyena

Reception Landelayo - okungeyena. It ikuvumela ukuba ubonise yokuphila kwezwe elisizungezile. Kukhona izithombe ezifana ukubelesela ebusika, ukudansa iqhwa, ukucula amanzi. Ngamanye amazwi, samuntu - sokudlulisela nezinto ezingaphili vusa izakhiwo. Ngakho, sonke siyazi ukuthi yawning kuphela kwabantu nezilwane. Kodwa izincwadi zivamise ukutholakala ezifana izithombe kwezobuciko efana esibhakabhakeni noma Umnyango Yawning Yawning. Eyokuqala yalezi kungasiza ekwakheni isimo ezithile umfundi, ukulungiselela Umbono wakhe. Esesibili - ukugcizelela emkhathini ukuwozela endlini, mhlawumbe - nesizungu isithukuthezi.

oxymoron

Oxymoron - omunye amasu ezithakazelisayo, okuyinto inhlanganisela incongruous. Lokhu amanga akwabalungile, ice ashisayo, nemikhuba Orthodox. La mazwi, ngempela kungalindelekile abakhethiwe ingasetshenziswa njengendlela bemibono kanye abathanda azibhala zefilosofi. Ngezinye izikhathi oxymoron eyodwa kuphela kwanele ukwakha lonke emsebenzini, ukuba nokuba, kwenza, futhi ukungqubuzana irresolvable, futhi ezicashile olwalusikisela kuyindida.

Okunye amasu kwezobuciko

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi asetshenziswe umusho esandulele, "futhi, futhi, futhi" - liphinde yezindlela kwezobuciko ngokuthi polysyndeton. Kuqakatheke ngani? Okokuqala, ukunweba ububanzi lelandzisako show, isibonelo, ukuthi umuntu nobuhle, nasengqondweni, futhi isibindi, nento ... Futhi hero iyakwazi ukudoba zibhukude, nokubhala izincwadi kanye nokwakha indlu ...

Ngokuvamile, lokhu umzila isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne omunye okuthiwa "ezinhlwini zamalungu eyohlobo." Lokhu kunjalo uma Kunzima ukucabanga umuntu ngaphandle nezinye.

Kodwa lokho akuyona yonke amasu kwezobuciko kanye namathuluzi. Tjheja begodu lengafuni mphendvulo. Abanaso edinga ukuphendulwa, kodwa kwenza ucabanga umfundi. Mhlawumbe bonke edume kakhulu uzazise: "Ngubani icala?" futhi "Yini okufanele ngiyenze?".

Lena kuphela amasu kwezobuciko eziyisisekelo. Ngaphezu ngazo, singaqala ukuhlukanisa parceling (ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla), synecdoche (lapho inombolo single isetshenziselwa esikhundleni plural), anaphora (ekuqaleni afanayo imisho), epiphora (ukuphinda eziyimpumelelo yabo), litotes (kweswela) futhi ihaba (Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihaba) asebenzisa (lapho igama esikhundleni incazelo emfushane. Zonke lezi mathuluzi ingasetshenziswa kokubili izinkondlo e temibhalo yephrozi. amasu yobuciko enkondlweni, isibonelo, indaba, akusho ngokuyinhloko kuhluke.