Trongzund inqaba emigodini: ikheli, izithombe, amathemba

Kuyamangalisa ukuthi kungakanani kumephu Russia izindawo eziyimfihlo ezimane amanga off the washaywa izivakashi emizileni, izingosi mlando, usuku nosuku, Kancani kancani kuphenduke emanxiweni! Omunye izindawo ezinjalo - inqaba Trongzund, esisogwini emaphethelweni edolobha elincane Vysotsk e Leningrad Region Vyborg Bay.

Trongzund, walahlekelwa ehlathini

Okuwugqinsi ihlathi izimila amuncwa umzimba cishe ngokuphelele izinsalela nezivikelo ubudala.

Kodwa uma castle esesabekayo wayezelwe uPeter Omkhulu ngu phakathi neMpi Northern. Wayefanele ukuba Fort enamandla ukuvikela Vyborg nokwakha inhlokodolobha yasebukhosini, Petersburg, ngo abaphikisana ezingaba khona. Manje ambalwa abantu bazi umlando lokhu lenqaba ngokubabazekayo. indaba yayo eyinkimbinkimbi ezingaqondakali iqala ekhulwini XVIII.

"Iron uPetru sika"

Ngo 1710, amabutho Russian phakathi nomkhankaso wempi abanolaka wathatha Vyborg, okuyinto ngaphambili olwabo Swedish. Yingakho ibutho Charles XII ngokuphindaphindiwe ezisengozini inhlokodolobha abasha isiRashiya, nokwamukela Vyborg owawuqondene Czar uPetru isidingo. Ukunqoba nokusayinwa isivumelwano sokuthula Nystadt kuya umqhele Empire Russian kunezimpande bomhlaba bube busha osendaweni ebalulekile edinga isivikelo. umbusi Russian banquma ukwakha e Trongzundskom Strait redoubt ukuzivikela, okuyinto olwandle kube embozwe wabophula kusukela Vyborg abaseSweden.

Admiral Fedor Apraksin ekupheleni Mashi 1710 kwenziwa umbiko enkosini ukuthi wathola indawo lapho isitha uzobe bahlangana ngokwanele.

Trongzund edolobheni-inqaba Yakhiwa lapho strait has a ububanzi 180 m. Kodwa isitha kulezi zingxenye ayisekho poked kanye nentuthuko eyengeziwe yahola uPetru ukuze uthumele ukunakekela nasekuqiniseni Kronstadt.

izinsongo okusha - impilo entsha waleyo nqaba

Phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea, anamandla we isigaba Anglo-French ukuzovala imikhumbi Baltic Sea Russian. Ngemva umkhankaso aseBaltic, uhulumeni we Empire Russian ukuze ugweme okwengeziwe nobungozi phezu ingxenye yemibuso emikhulu yaseYurophu wakuthola kudingekile ukuvuselela futhi uqinise izinqaba ngendlela engenathemba ephelelwe yisikhathi emaphethelweni ezikude kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha. Ngakho, esikhundleni izakhiwo Trongzundskih uPetru izikhathi sixties kwekhulu XIX ekhulelwa ukwakha izinqaba entsha, futhi kabani amanxiwa ezisekhona.

Ungalokothi ukucima umlilo inqaba

ukwakhiwa Emikhulu esizeni kaPetru Trongzunda Uuransaari esiqhingini (manje - Vysotsky), wango-1864. Ezinhlangothini ezine le nqaba entsha pentagonal inganono amabhethri kwaqina nakakhulu zakamuva ngesikhathi izikhali - eyohlala izibhamu rifled, ohlangothini yesihlanu umsele enamandla. Ngaphansi ixazululwe redoubts emafektri ukudla, omagazini powder, emabhalekisini ethu, ikhishi - izakhi ezidingekayo we bivouac lempi. Ukuze uxhumano imihubhe zonke izingxenye zawo ezakhiwa - ngenhla futhi ngaphansi komhlaba.

Esikhathini yoma, ukuqinisa futhi ubuyekeze redoubt waqhubeka: kwakhiwa umgwaqo yangaphakathi, amandla ukulwa buye baqina ngamathuluzi amasha. Kodwa Eighties kwesu Baltic ukuzivikela liye kakhulu lulungiswe futhi Trongzund inqaba futhi kubhekwa isikhathi, akusho nezimfuno isikhathi. Eminyakeni yokuqala yekhulu XX, it is usalulondolozile esimweni ukulwa, kodwa izimpi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwakungasebenzeki wathinta.

Impi ebusika

Vyborg izwe Trongzund inqaba, wayeseyitholile eside ithule, bathuthela eFinland ngo-1918. Kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kuka-20. Ebusika 1939-1940 endaweni le nqaba yisikhathi kuphela kuwo wonke umlando khona zenzeka izimpi phakathi kwamasosha Finnish nawaseSoviet. Finns ngokuphuthumayo bavikela zingezikaJehova kubo Uuras (ngaleso sikhathi igama le ndawo), kodwa ingxenye iRed Army wakwazi ubuqotho babo, futhi endaweni waphinda isibe isiRashiya, isb. E. Soviet.

Kulezi izimpi abanolaka wenza nobuqhawe feat umdubuli kambayimbayi Kuzma Vysotsky obubusa udumo lo Finnish Uuras ku forties sekwephuzile iqanjwe kabusha Vysotsk. Eminyakeni engamashumi amane kamuva, kuze kube sekupheleni Eighties, Trongzund inqaba kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso eliqaphile umngcele Ezezindlu ikampu. Khona okuqukethwe ikampu kubhekwa ezingadingekile, futhi ekugcineni lakhishwa lezi zindawo. I inqaba waqala kancane kancane jikisa yezincithakalo, futhi inani Vysotsk - kancane kancane ukunqaba. Inombolo abakhileyo Vysotsk yesimanje side kunaleso abantu 1,000.

umzalwane uPetru noPawulu

Ubani-sisondela ngokungenakuvinjelwa ebhidlikayo Trongzund castle emigodini, izinsalela rock shaft, omagazini powder kanye isitini esiyingelezini sezulu imihubhe budonsa labo are umphefumulo ogulayo amagugu zomlando wezwe.

Ongoti Russian izinqaba isayensi ukugubha ubunjalo lokhu lenqaba, wakha futhi ifakwe ubuchwepheshe bamuva lempi sixties kanye yoma ngekhulu XIX. Bakholelwa ukuthi Trongzund usekelwe esimisweni esifanayo njengoba uPetru ezidumile uPawulu Petersburg inqaba: omagazini powder indawo gallery ukuhlolwa (kufihlwe izindima komhlaba ehola ngaphandle okuvimbezela), caponiers (izakhiwo esiyingelezini sezulu, sise phansi nomsele), kuzo zombili izinqaba ziyefana. Ekwakheni Trongzunda komculo impumelelo umhlabeleli engineering ukucabanga isikhathi sakhe.

isikhathi Sokuhamba

Njengoba ngiqhubeka le mpikiswano engapheli mayelana into eyigugu, federal noma lesifunda, kuba inqaba, buthule wabulala emaphethelweni Vysotsk. Bambalwa romance, okuyinto travel hhayi kuphela emkhathini kodwa ngesikhathi eduze, vakashela Trongzund inqaba. Indlela ukuya Vysotsk ethule, elise amakhilomitha 120 kusukela enhlokodolobha enyakatho, bayazi konke, kodwa kungatholakala ehlathini zasendle waya ezweni izinsalela izinqaba nenkani kanye enamandla, kudingeka ube nesineke futhi niqaphelisise. Esenze emajukujukwini ehlathi, bathuthela emaphethelweni edolobha, ungakwazi bazithole izinsalela inkwali ubudala ukuthi wathatha edwaleni izinqaba imiphini. A ibangana kude ke, otshanini, ukuhluleka itholwa emhlabathini, okuholela emhubheni ongaphansi komhlaba. Ehlome ngamathuluzi okuthola flashlight, abahambi wehle, futhi ngemva ethile komhlaba, iwe ezindaweni ezinamadwala. It unikeza imibono ka Trongzund - inqaba, lapho umsele kahle walondoloza, ogama izindonga uphahlwe egwadle amadwala lapho ungakwazi usabona arched ukufinyelela emasangweni, izinsalela izindonga brick nge amafasitela, zempi uzizwe kwenza lo muntu owayekholelwa amandla plant.

amazambane ishede

Enyuka emigodini esiyingelezini sezulu Trongzunda wedwa futhi ngaphandle flashlight ayiphephile. Sekuyisikhathi eside izibuya Ngokhuni ibolile onezitezi, amatshe uwela, bendawo usebenzise emanxiweni njengoba udoti, kodwa omunye lokusinda idwala izindonga ifakwe emagalaji.

izivakashi izwele, kanye emigodini emnyama futhi ukhanyisa nemengamo kungenzeka kwaphela nasozwaneni okwamanje lokuqala - ezindaweni eziningi kusukela uchungechunge ophahleni ukulengiswa. Izivakashi bathi umcabango ngokushesha udvweba sitfombe esabekayo ephenywa ngemibuzo, sokuhlushwa futhi isijeziso okunonya. Nokho, akukho horror kwakungesona ngokuthula Trongzund nqaba. Fortress eRussia esiqhingini Vysotsky wayengayazi zokulwa, ngokungafani kuya umfowabo omdala, le nqaba Asikaze ejele. Futhi elenga ophahleni amnyama vaults uchungechunge - hhayi ukuthi abanye, njengoba imfanelo ishede amazambane: e kwamaSoviet, nemipheme komhlaba bokwakha lempi lesikhumbuzo asetshenziselwa ukugcina amazambane.

Londoloza ayikwazi ngobugebengu ...

Vysotsk endaweni - a ngokubabazekayo imvelo enyakatho, belusizi sonwele amahlathi, emanzini azolile we Strait ungumthombo ongumngcingo kangangokuthi kube kuthi akufane nokwenzeka umfula, olunesihlabathi. Kulesi Trongzund acwebile ngokuya egxilile. Fortress, okuyinto ishicilela isithombe ukuvakashela izivakashi zakhe, usuku nosuku umaluju ngaphansi kwengcindezi yehlathi nokunganakwa womuntu. mlando Ekhathazekile benza imizamo yokuvikela le lesikhumbuzo, ukushaya ukuyeka ukubhujiswa kwalo. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kwaba nomhlangano into isimo Luhlolo, futhi wenza ngesisekelo ezitholile kukhona iyadumaza. Izindonga shaft, aqoshiwe kusuka egwadle, ongema namanje amashumi ambalwa eminyaka, kodwa nemipheme isitini-esiyingelezini sezulu ayafa nsuku zonke.

Ngeshwa, ukudideka bureaucratic ayikuvumeli ukuba sina bahlanganyele ukubuyiselwa le nqaba, futhi eqinisweni, uvuselela emuva zakhe ekuphileni, babengase elalakhelwe kumephu Leningrad bukhoma futhi ulwazi oluxube kakhulu izivakashi umzila ngesikhathi Uuras-Vysotsk Trongzund inqaba.