Ubude beRussia: ukuhlukahluka kwezindawo ezisezingeni elilodwa

Ubude baseRussia kusukela entshonalanga kuya empumalanga (kusukela endaweni engasentshonalanga - i-Kaliningrad enclave kuya e- Ratmanov Island eBering Strait) cishe ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Izwe lethu licebile emarekhodi wezwe. Isibonelo, ubude bomngcele womhlaba ngamakhilomitha angu-20322, imingcele yolwandle - 38000. Kunemikhawulo engu-11 ensimini yezwe. Ichibi elijulile futhi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni (uLwandle iBaikal nolwandle lwaseCaspian). Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ezinye izifunda ezine zikwazi ukufinyelela eLwandle lweCaspian.

Ubude baseRussia kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu yizinkulungwane ezine zamakhilomitha. Iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu elingasenyakatho yezwe lakwaleli zwe lisesiqhingini saseRudolph, esise-archipelago ebizwa ngokuthi iFranz Josef Land. Leli gama lanikezwa esiqhingini yi-Arctic ukuhambela koMbuso wase-Austro-Hungarian, owawuvula ngo-1873. Esiqhingini isikhathi eside, isiteshi seSoviet (ngaleso sikhathi-saseRussia) sase-Arctic sasebenza, kodwa ngonyaka ka-1995 kwakungumuthi. Ingxenyeni eseningizimu ye- Mount Bazarduzi eDagestan, emngceleni ne-Azerbaijan.

Izinga elikhulu laseRussia lenze ukuba kube khona inamba enkulu yemvelo yemvelo kanye nemvelo ezindaweni zaseningizimu. Uma inyakatho eyedlulele ilawulwa yihlane elingenakuphila, lapho kuvela khona ihlobo elincane le-polar futhi lifake ngokushesha inani elincane lezitshalo ezinomsoco, izindawo eziseningizimu zihlala ebhanini elincane. Lona ulwandle olumnyama olwandle oluseningizimu yeTuapse. Izihlahla zamapulangwe ziyakhula lapha, kanti izinga lokushisa elingaphansi likaJanuwari linenani elihle.

Ngenxa yezinto ezivelele zezwe lezwe, ukuguquka kwezindawo zezulu kuyabonakala futhi lapho usuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga. Ukuphakama kweRussia kuthinta lapha. Izintaba zase-Ural aziyona izehlakalo ezibhekwa njengomngcele waseYurophu nase-Asia. Ukuhamba nge-55th parallel (i-Moscow) emgwaqweni omkhulu we-M5, omunye angabona ngokucacile umehluko ezimweni zemvelo nezesimo sezulu. Emagqumeni aseNtshonalanga yama-Urals, amahlathi avulekile ahlanganisa: i-linden, i-oki, ngisho nama-conifers (firs) lapha akhula izinhlobo zaseYurophu. Emifuleni yasezintabeni kukhona ama-subspecies aseYurophu ase-grayling. Kunezibonelo eziningi!

Ukuwela izintaba, sithola ukuthi amahlathi abe yi-birch, futhi ezintabeni - i-pine. Isihlahla se-linden ne-oki cishe asenzeki. Futhi iziqephu zikaJanuwari noJulayi endaweni efanayo ye-Europe engxenyeni yezwe nangaphandle kwe-Urals ihluke kancane.

Insimu enkulu enkulu yezwe likhawulela emanzini amathathu nakuma-plains angaphakathi ase-Asia, elele ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibukhali. Lokhu kwashiya impendulo ekubunjweni kwesimo sezulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezwe. Njengoba izinga laseRussia likhulu kakhulu, ithonya le-Pacific Ocean, elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ensimini yezwe lilinganiselwe. Lithinta kakhulu isimo sezulu saseMpumalanga Ekude kuphela.

EMpumalanga Ekude, kubonakala sengathi akuhambisani. Esikhathini se-taiga lapho, eduze kwebhebhe yaseRashiya yendabuko, i-tiger yesilwane esishisayo. Yiqiniso, emzabalazweni wokusinda esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu, waba mkhulu kakhulu kunomuntu oshisayo. Futhi esiqhingini esibandayo saseSakhalin sivuna amagilebhisi, futhi sasendle, nesikhumba, nakuba singenasiphakeme, kuze kufike emithathu, isisindo esiphezulu - sibe ngamamitha amahlanu ukuphakama. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-Vladivostok itholakala engxenyeni ye-degree eningizimu yeSochi. Futhi izingxenye zemozulu zale mizi azifani.

Ubude baseRussia emkhathini yilokho izwe lihlala ngaphakathi kwemingcele yalo nemingcele ehlukahlukene yemvelo. Ayikho ukuhlukahluka okunjalo kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni, ngaphandle kwe-United States, lapho kune-Alaska (i-analog yeChukotka yethu) neFlorida neCalifornia - "i-American Sochi".