Izinhlobo amaphupho kanye nezici zabo

Ephusheni, umzimba wethu uyaqhubeka usebenza. Kule nqubo engokwemvelo ososayensi bathola ngqo ukulala futhi waphupha, umbono (noma ukusangana), amaphupho. Esikhathini amagama sizakwenza kamuva. Ekuqaleni, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi zonke izinhlobo amaphupho kuyinto imihlola ezifanele elingokomoya, okuyilona ifomu ndawonye ngendlela engokomfanekiso bangachazela esizayo futhi esikhathini esidlule lomuntu.

Izinhlobonhlobo eyinhloko ubuthongo

Ukwabela elandelayo izinhlobo ke:

• i-gqwa nsuku zonke;
• ezithile zonyaka gqwa (basebusika kwezinye izilwane);
• kwelashwa;
• okuyiluthayo;
• sokugembula.

Izinhlobo ubuthongo nezici zabo

Ngaphezu izinhlobo eziyinhloko, kukhona yemvelo kanye yokufakelwa. Basuke uthathwa njengoba main ezimbili izinhlobo ubuthongo. inqubo yemvelo ngokuvamile kwenzeka kokubili abantu nezilwane ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle amathonya ngaphandle. ukubukeka Artificial kubangelwa usebenzisa izici ezihlukahlukene namathonya (kagesi, kwelashwa, okuyiluthayo).

amafomu Yemvelo nobuthongo abantu omdala onempilo nezilwane ezincelisayo eziningi PERIODICITY esingokwemvelo. Nokho, ubuningi kanye alternation zingahluka. Umuntu omdala ikakhulukazi uyalala ebusuku emini uphapheme. Lokhu imvamisa kubizwa ngokuthi monophasic. Kunabantu abangazange babe usuku lonke kabili - ubuthongo eziyisisekelo ebusuku, futhi usuku ezengeziwe. Lokhu imvamisa ezimbili isigaba. Izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo zisebenzisa izinhlobo polyphase wamaphupho; bayakwazi ukuzumeka futhi uvuke ngesikhathi ubusuku nemini, izikhathi eziningana, ngaphandle kwesidingo mkhosi esiqinile kushintshana zokuphumula futhi sihlale siphapheme. Izingane nazo esivela polyphasic ubuthongo. Lokhu kungabonakala isibonelo izinsana, abangamalungu esikhathini esiningi esimweni bokuphila. It is Nokho, izikhathi eziningana ngosuku iphazamisekile ngenxa izidingo zemvelo, kodwa eminye, ngenxa yethonya kwemfundo imvelo, isigqi ubuthongo uqala kabusha, esondela ukuthi lomuntu omdala.

zinhlobo Artificial ubuthongo zingalawulwa ngu Isikali ithonya izici ezibangela kubo (elele amaphilisi, kagesi et al.).

Ubude ukuvama ubuthongo ezilwaneni ezahlukene kushintsheke kakhulu, ngisho zohlobo olulodwa ke ihlukile kakhulu ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka.

Ososayensi babonisa isithakazelo ngokwengeziwe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi izikhathi ezithile zonyaka esichitha ubusika silele izilwane. Izazi ukuhlola nezimbangela zayo futhi izitho zomzimba.

Ukwahlukanisa emaphusheni emvelo

Zemvelo Ukuze sixoxa ngalezo zimo izinhlobo amaphupho ukuthi umuntu enempilo uyakwazi ukubona ngezikhathi ezithile:

• enempilo (ngokuvumelana ezinye zezimpawu ubuyisela ngokoqobo);
• umbono (ubuyisela umuntu abakhona isithombe ayewubonile ephusheni);
• ubuthongo latawulandzela (zihlanganisa nesixwayiso);
• amaphupho (amaphupho owawusekelwe yokuthi umuntu kwagxila oqinile ngokoqobo);
• umbono ghostly ebusuku (ukubukeka okuphindiwe izithombe ezithile ephusheni; ngokuvamile kwenzeka nezingane kanye nabantu nokuguga).

Phakathi zonke lezi, kuphela izinhlobo ezintathu lokuqala ubuthongo ziphawuleka ngokukhethekile, njengoba ezimbili zokugcina, ezimweni eziningi eziholela amaphutha.

iphupho sokugembula

Ngokusho omsakazo yayo, kulesi simo ngokuhamba indlela abukeka ngayo ihlukaniswe yaba eziningana zezinto eziphilayo ososayensi. Kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kwegazi ebuchosheni, lapho uthola enganele liningi igazi kuphela; ebukhoneni umfutho ophakeme uma ethuthukisa izimila e zombili ama- noma uma umxhwele brainstem ezinye amasayithi. Ngokuvamile izinhlobo sokugembula wobuthongo engaveza ngokwabo izinsuku eziningi, futhi ingahlala iminyaka eminingana. Lesi simo kushintsheke, ephelezelwa kokubili encishisiwe imisipha ithoni bese ukhulisa.

amaphupho okungavamile ngokuvamile kudidaniswe uthi okuyiluthayo, kodwa akuyona into efanayo. Hypnosis kungadalwa zezemvelo ekhethekile noma amathonya ezinye izenzo umuntu uphefumulela abanye nge ngokukhethekile esidingweni sokuba isigaba ubuthongo. Phakathi ezihlukahlukene efanayo sokugembula isimo bokuphila, kukhona ongumashiqela ezinqunyiwe umsebenzi cortical. Kulesi contact esinqunyiwe kanye ezizungezile Khetha okwenziwayo sensorimotor agcinwe. Isimiso sezinzwa ngesikhathi sokulala ukuthi kungaba kokubili ekucindezelweni-PUK nasesimweni sokungasokwa ujabule.

ubuthongo Periodic nsuku zonke

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umuntu enempilo ukhiqiza 3 izinhlobo amaphupho: monophasic (kanye ngosuku), difazny (kabili), kanye isakhasa - ngisho polyphasic.

Newborn ngokuvamile uthatha ephusheni isigaba amahora mayelana 21; izingane ezineminyaka engu-ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya ezingu-12 ngosuku elele amahora 14, kuze kube iminyaka engu-5 - 12 amahora, kusukela 5-10 kweminyaka - amahora angaba ngu-10. Umuntu omdala uyalala isilinganiso samahora 7-9 ngosuku. Ngo ukuguga ngaphezulu kancane encishisiwe ubuthongo isikhathi.

nokungalali

yokuntuleka isikhathi eside ukuphumula ngokwanele (3-5 izinsuku) libhekene okuvela kuyo okuthile engqondweni. Ukuqala ezinqumela lwaya embhedeni: ukuvimbela ivela khona ungakwazi kuphela onamandla ubuhlungu ezishukumisa - ukushaqeka needlestick noma kagesi. Umuntu engalali kahle, wamemezela ukwehla ijubane ukusabela ebuchosheni kwandisa ukukhathala incipha ukunemba imisebenzi.

izinguquko Hhayi njengoba olubonakalayo ukuqwasha eside, imisebenzi autonomic. Basuke eziboiswa ukwehla okuncane nje kwamazinga okushisa umzimba kanye ekunqandeni kancane ishayela. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu azizwa izinguquko bokuphila nezingokwengqondo lula, ngehora-40-80 ukuqwasha imiphumela ingaba kakhulu.

ubuthongo kwezidakamizwa

izinhlobo iNarcotic wobuthongo avele ngendlela ukuvala shaqa yesikhashana ukwazi. Iza okusithiyayo ephelele ikhaliphe wehlise ezicutshini ithoni. Kujulisa abantu abakulesi simo esebenzisa izinzwa, esithinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.

Phakathi dive, izinzwa zesiguli baqhubeka isebenze we oblongata medulla, njengoba endaweni yakhe ayizikhungo asekela ukuphila - vasomotor futhi zokuphefumula. Uma umthelela izidakamizwa uyaqhubeka isikhathi eside, kungase kwenzeke ikhefu isimo kuchazwe, lapho eqoshiwe ukukhubazeka lezi zikhungo. Long ubuthongo kwezidakamizwa okuholela ekufeni isiguli.

ubuthongo okuyiluthayo

Ukungqubuzana ngalokho izinhlobo amaphupho, qhubeka incazelo eningiliziwe mayelana ubuthongo okuyiluthayo. Lesi simo bengayiqondi ngokugcwele kuze kube manje. Akwaziwa ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi kakhulu iphupho isigaba. Phakathi okwenziwe ngaleli isimo kwenzeka izinguquko appreciable e izinqubo bokuphila amasistimu emaphakathi kanye autonomic kwemizwa, kanye nezinye izitho kanye nezinhlelo zomzimba womuntu.

Kwesizini ubuthongo gqwa

Lezi zinhlobo amaphupho Baziwa nangokuthi ubuthongo, catalepsy noma ubuthongo obukhulu. Lolu hlobo uthi libhekene ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa komzimba, lapho amandla sinciphile ukushuba ngamunye inqubo bokuphila. Isikhucululi esivamile nje yezinhlobo ezithile izilwane.

Izilwane ukuthi ziyakwazi ngezithukuthuku ukukhiqizwa ukushisa yangaphakathi lokulondoloza ukushisa komzimba, abizwa ngokuthi endothermic. Kukhona izinto eziphilayo ectothermic obiziwe nongenanembeza. Man esinegazi elifudumele, okusho ukuthi kungokwalabo endotherm kanye ezincelisayo nezinyoni. Yingakho abantu abakwazi yokucashisa, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo ukumelana balale isikhathi eside. Kodwa kukhona futhi esinegazi elifudumele, okuyinto namanje awela ukozela zonyaka, bebizwa heterothermal endotherms.