Izincwadi mayelana isikhala: isayensi kanye eqanjiwe

Izimfihlo nemikarisomraro ye yonke ukuheha izazi nje kuphela kodwa futhi abalobi, izimbongi. Indalo okunjalo athwale umfundi ezweni engalibaleki uhambo kumnandi. Isikhala ephathwayo ngokuvamile okukhulunywa ngazo esigabeni isiko wembulunga yonke futhi isiRashiya. Kukhona yesayensi, eqanjiwe, nonfiction amabhuku mayelana isikhala. Abaningi babo baye baba ukubaluleka kwezobuciko. Lokhu kwaba indaba ephathwayo iphendulwa amakhosi ezifana aseKhiri Bulychev, uWells, Burroughs, Stanislaw Lem, Robert Heinlein, G. Harrison, R. Bradbury abanye. Izincwadi mayelana Isikhala osomkhathi ukuheha kokubili abadala kanye nezingane.

Popular Space Fantasy

Yini lapho? Abaningi banesithakazelo le nkinga. Befuna impendulo, abantu ezandleni incwadi fantasy. Isikhala Liyindawo ongaqondakali futhi yiziphazamiso ezihehayo. Nawa amabhuku abalobi ogxilisa amehlo akhe ukuba isibhakabhaka:

• Saga kuyindida ka "Guide The Hitchhiker ukuze Galaxy" (Douglas Adams). Umbhali ithumela iqhawe yakhe ethokoza uhambo ngokusebenzisa galaxy. Ulindele eningi injabulo, adventure ethokozisayo. Encwadini, azikho yesayensi nje, emkhathini ongaphandle, kodwa futhi umugqa omncane zefilosofi.
• Umsebenzi mayelana ohlakaniphile, esinesihluku nesiyingozi XXVI lobugebengu ekhulwini ngaphansi kwegama "Jack Glass" (u-Adamu Roberts). Bonke abantu cosmic ukwazi ukuthi akukho lutho akwenzeki kwababulali izigebengu Glass Jack, ngubani ngisho Zama ukuncintisana ijubane umsindo.
• amaqhawe Mangalisayo "Dune" (Frank Herbert). Lokhu Saga unqobile abalandeli abaningi abakubheka njengomklamo okungcono eqanjiwe inoveli mayelana iplanethi isihlabathi. Herbert wadala isithombe yokuqala nasesikhathini esikude esizayo.
• Encwadi ethandwa umlobi yesayensi Stanislaw Lem "Invincible." isithombe Truer othintana womuntu nakwezinye izizwe - isihloko okuyinto omlobi lakhunjulwa. Olwesimanje mkhathi "Invincible" ithunyelwa iplanethi ongaqondakali Regis III, On okuyinto akukho ukuphila ophucukile, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Le noveli yi Strugatsky abafowethu abacela ku ekhanyayo, ezithakazelisayo, izwe ihlanzekile - "Emini XXII Century.". Lona imisebenzi esimnandi kakhulu abalobi ezidumile, ibhekisela fantasy nakancane. isikhathi sayo ukuthandana ezizukulwane eziningana abafundi.
• Isikhala uDetective Makdevita Jack "The Flying umDashi". Okunethezeka mkhathi izimpukane ukuba bagcine ukushayisana zezinkanyezi ezimbili. Amatilosi emkhunjini endaweni ethile ngendlela engaqondakali iphele. Hero umphenyi ukufunda imfihlakalo ukunyamalala yabo.

Space Ama ifotho & Isithombe for abancane

Heroes ngubani ukuhlola yonke, ahehe njalo abafundi omncane. Izimfihlakalo sonozungezilanga, izinkanyezi, amaplanethi - konke lokhu ngolimi kakhulu elula ukuze ucacise abalobi abaningi izingane. Fiction, isikhala ezithakazelisayo, ngisho eneminyaka engu-zasenkulisa. Yini oncoma abafundi abasha? Nawa amabhuku edume kakhulu mayelana isikhala izingane:

• Ukulandisa Ivanov "The Adventures ezisebenza Petit emkhathini." It lunikezelwe iminyaka engu-50 ngendiza yokuqala bavimba emkhathini. Of izingane zakhe ukuba zifunde mayelana namaqhawe ngubani ifeza impumelelo yezesayensi. incwadi iqhawe, uPetru, iya ku-uhambo, ukuthola izwe elingaziwa.
• izindaba Ethakazelisayo KA Portsevskogo "wami incwadi yokuqala yendawo ezungezile." Kulo izingane bazokwazi ukuthola ukuthi kungani usuku elandelayo ebusuku, kungani ebusika ukushisa abandayo kanye ehlobo, lokho imithala, asteroyidi, emkhathini, lezinkanyezi ezinomsila.

• New isikhala izifundo - "Star Tales" E. Levitan. Leli qoqo ngendlela kufinyeleleke kakhulu kungaletha izingane izimfihlakalo yonke. Futhi okudume kakhulu edition Levitan "Mangalisayo Universe."
• Illustrated Atlas Nikolasa Harris "Glowing incwadi mayelana isikhala." Imane futhi engagwegwesi, uchazela izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi. Amaqiniso Ewusizo izingane ukufunda ngokusebenzisa zonke izinhlobo mazes, izitika, imidlalo. ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa Abadali image enkudlwana.

I-encyclopedia Wezingane

kufinyeleleke kakhulu ku-mkhathi, le osomkhathi emzileni, iziteshi Isikhala spaceports ukutshela-encyclopedia izingane zanamuhla sika. encyclopedia Modern futhi izincwadi mayelana isikhala izingane colorful kakhulu 'iyezwakala. Banyathelisa eziningi.

• Encyclopedia abafundi abasebasha S. V Zhitomirskogo "Cosmos". Kuyo, abafundi abasha uyolazi nemilaza, amaplanethi Kulobo busuku obucwathile, emthaleni ezikude. It eqoqwe eziningi amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo, izithombe ezinkulu.
• edition kaJohane Farndon "Encyclopedia Wezingane isikhala." abafundi abasha uzofunda mayelana izigaba ukuhlola umkhathi, umbono impucuko ezisemkhathini. Nansi incazelo International Space Station kanye osomkhathi bahlale kuyo.
• Okujabulisayo Encyclopedia VI Tsvetkova "Cosmos". Kuleyo ncwadi izingane zingafunda mayelana isimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga, izimbobo black, ijubane lokukhanya, izindikimba zasezulwini. Lonke ulwazi kuhambisana netitfombe letinemibala lehlukene ezithakazelisayo.

Usebenzela zesikole

Lapho nesithakazelo sina kuyisayensi yezinkanyezi umfundi, angababaza batusa okulandelayo amabhuku kwezobuciko futhi lenemaciniso mayelana isikhala:

• Ya. I. Perelman "astronomy okujabulisayo." Le ncwadi ichaza abukhuni nokwatholakala ngolimi olulula.
• Collection Nika Gorkavogo "Mechanics Celestial". Uxoxa nabalingiswa abasemqoka - uCopernicus, uGalileo, Einstein - abafundi bazokwazi ukuya emangalisayo yezinganekwane cosmic.
• ethengwa kakhulu Isazi uStephen Hawking sika "kaGeorge Imfihlo Isihluthulelo Yonke Endaweni Yonke". Incwadi elinesimo saturation indaba ulwazi kanye umphenyi eqanjiwe. Schoolboy ungafunda mayelana cleaner, spacesuit ithiyori wokuhlobana kwezinto kanye ukuzalwa izinkanyezi.

zabuna uhlobo

Fiction isikhala kuhlanganisa izindaba, amanoveli, izindatshana, inganekwane, izinkondlo. Izenzo eziningi letiphatselene nengcikitsi isikhala, babé zabuna. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ngazo.

• Tale Antuana De Saint-Exupery sika "The Little Prince". Izikhangibavakashi reflection isikhulu kancane ngilinqobile izinhliziyo zabafundi abaningi. Kubangela cwilisa in izwe esithinta inhliziyo kakhulu futhi enhle.
• Izincwadi Russian umlobi yesayensi aseKhiri Bulychev. Nazi ezinye ohlwini olukhulu "Journey Alice", "Imfihlakalo Okwesithathu Planet", "iminyaka eyikhulu ngaphambi", "The Girl nge Umhlaba," "Purple Sphere".
• Legendary umkhiqizo HG Wells. Lezi yobuciko, abaningi ekulalelweni: ". Isinyathelo Sokuqala: AMADODA AMABILI ENDLINI Moon" "War of the Worlds," "Isikhathi Machine,"
• Isebenza kahle kakhulu American umlobi yesayensi Ray Bradbury. Inguyise ezindaweni eziningi uhlobo yesayensi. Amanoveli edume kakhulu: "I-Mars IziKronike," "Fahrenheit 451". Futhi izindaba kulesi sihloko: "elele e-Armagedoni," "Alpha Centauri".
• yobuciko Olukhulu Roberta Haynlayna ezikhonjwe ukuthuthukiswa ngifunda indaba yesimanje eqanjiwe. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula incwadi ihlelo "Citizen of Galaxy", "Izintandane of the Sky", "The Moon - uyiNkosikazi Harsh" ". Umhubhe esibhakabhakeni",

izincwadi ezaziwa yisayensi ngezingozi isikhala

Ukuze isikhala indaba ephathwayo iphendulwa izazi eziningi ezifuywayo angaphandle ngubani ziye zabhala izinto zabo. Nazi imisebenzi ebalulekile kakhulu:

• Idokhumentari imisebenzi zakudala master American Tom Wolfe sika "Space Race". Umbhali utshela indaba ekunqotshweni izikhala evulekile phakathi neMpi Yomshoshaphansi.
• Project Fred Adams Greg Laughlin "Five Ages of the Universe. Ekujuleni physics engunaphakade. ' Ihlanganisa ukudalwa umlando isikhala kusukela izinyathelo kuqala kakhulu.
• umsebenzi Scientific and documentary Anton Pervushina "imizuzu 108 eyashintsha umhlaba." Umbhali usitshela ukulungiselela kuze indiza somuntu wokuqala - Yuri Gagarin.

Izincwadi-izinkumbulo

osomkhathi abaningi abaqeqeshiwe ngaphambi indiza, wabhala incwadi mayelana isikhala. Kufanele uhlu izinkumbulo ezilandelayo: Valery Sharov "Isimemo kuya isikhala," Yuri Baturin "Impilo yansuku zonke Cosmonauts isiRashiya," Yuri Usachev ". Astronaut idayari"