Mikhail Sholokhov, incwadi ethi "The epholile Don": ukubuyekezwa, izincazelo kanye nezici hero

"Epholile Flows Don" - umsebenzi esiphawuleka kunazo zonke labo abazinikele Don Cossacks. Uma siyibheka ke uqhathaniswa "Impi Nokuthula" UTolstoy. It ibonisa isinqamu omkhulu wokuphila kwabakhileyo emzaneni Cossack kanye nesibhicongo abantu Russian inoveli amaqhawe "Futhi epholile Flows Don". Abagxeki uyavumelana entweni eyodwa: incwadi ingenye omkhulu izincwadi. Mbiko umbhali akuyona ezithophayo ngakho. Isihloko Sizokwenza izingxabano mayelana zabhalwa le noveli yodumo kanye kwebalingisi of protagonists.

Umlando sokudalwa

Le noveli unina amkhulelwe eko ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule. Incwadi yakhe kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe ukudalwa izindaba Don sika. Abalingiswa Cossack edolobhaneni waphefumulela umlobi umsebenzi eside emikhulu wobuciko. Futhi "epholile Flows Don" kuyinto inoveli lesine laqedwa ngo-1940. Uphenyo abacwaningi, phakathi kwawo kwakukhona u-Alexander uSolzhenitsyn, kukhomba eziningi mpikiswano. Umbhali "OwokuQala Circle", kusho ukuthi into balencwadi isipiliyoni aphakeme kakhulu futhi izinga lemfundo Sholokhov. Lo msebenzi, ngokuvumelana uSolzhenitsyn, ubengase wawuyomiswa esiyingcweti, futhi kuphela ngemuva kwemizamo eminingi. Mikhail Sholokhov eko ekuseni ngesikhathi lapho ebhala umqulu wokuqala. Ngemuva kwakhe ejele amakilasi amane kuphela esikoleni.

Mhlawumbe wezinye geniuses azalelwe kanye eyikhulu, umsunguli kule noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don"? Abagxeki futhi abafundi imisebenzi okwalandela Sholokhov ukuthi ngangingakaze umsebenzi wakhe ayisona yini umlobi wayengacabangi ukukhombisa ithalente omkhulu kangaka.

Ikakhulu enovelini

wengxoxo Long ne Cossacks zangaphambi wamavukelambuso kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe umsebenzi onjalo imisebenzi ezivelele njenge- "The Don epholile". Izibuyekezo labo abanamathela umbono ka umqondo womunye esekelwe yokuthi ngenxa yobudala babo Sholokhov ayikwazanga wazizwa ngendlela efanayo. Esikhathini inoveli, okokuqala kunakho konke, it is eshaya ukunemba izithombe zokuphila kwansuku zonke, ezingokwenyama nezingokwengqondo ukwakheka izinhlamvu.

Maphakathi - abantu elikhanyayo uhlamvu ngabanye futhi indaba kuyinkimbinkimbi. sikhombisa Iningi ngokujulile indlela yokuphila Grigoriya Melehova. Lokhu uhlamvu - kukhombisa zonke Don Cossacks. imfuno wakhe wokuphila - isiphetho bonke abamele isiko senhlalo. zabasebenzi ongumlimi owawubaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni ngamunye wabo. Futhi isibonelo hero olukhonjiswa njengedifolthi kwakunzima ukuyeka indlela yabo yokuphila evamile, ukusondela umhlaba kanye nabalimi abancane zabasebenzi elula Don Cossacks. Le noveli egcwele ubuhle bendalo. Nobuhle nemibala yemvelo ukudlala indima ebalulekile yonke indaba le noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don".

Sholokhov izibuyekezo lokubhala yokudala ubekwe ngendlela elandelayo: "Uyena umbhali ezimbi okwaziyo bahlobise ngokoqobo, efuna onga imizwa umfundi." Futhi kule noveli ezinkulu nendumezulu ubufakazi kulamagama abakhona hhayi kuphela ubuhle Don nemvelo futhi imizwa wekuvana nabalingiswa abasemqoka, kodwa futhi imikhuba eyesabekayo, asemngceleni yinqaba.

Gregory Melekhov

izinhlamvu Le noveli sika - izithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi, yehlukene kaningi okubalwa. Chief phakathi kwabo - Gregory Melekhov. Ekuqaleni imisebenzi sikhonjiswa esinjengesomuntu ejwayele elinokuthula ongumlimi zabasebenzi. Kufanele ishiwo isitayela lombhali, egcwele egqamile egqamile futhi imibala ethile. 'Imilenze Gregory esetshenziswa lokunyathela umhlaba, "- la mazwi Gregory umphelelisi isithombe bese udala isithombe indoda imiselwe zabasebenzi nokuphila komkhaya. Nokho, intsha kanye igazi eningizimu babe juqu nomgomo. Yena wathandana nowesifazane ogane. Ngenxa imizwa yakhe ukuqinisekisa izenzo zakhe juqu, enye yazo - unakekelwe umndeni isevisi nomkhwenyana.

Omunye imigqa indaba - indaba ngothando engavamile UGregory Aksinya. Uphenyo incwadi ethi "The epholile Don" washiya inqwaba FG Biryukov. Soviet tetemibhalo, elahla inkolelo yokungafi umqondo womunye Sholokhov, ngokukhethekile, ethi ukudalwa inoveli, umlobi kwakusala kude enhle. Umsebenzi omkhulu lapho futhi patriarchalism namasiko langaphambi kokubhubha komhlaba ngamanzi, nendlu retardation. Kodwa ohlangothini eqinile ikakhulukazi amnyama yokuphila komuntu kuboniswa ezahlukweni nempi. I protagonist ubona ukungcola wokuphila kwabantu, wayesefakwa sinqotshwe ukudideka okukhulu futhi ukungabaza.

Gregory asempini

Okuthusayo mores lempi wayefakaze Melekhov kuholela yokuthi akazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele ahambe ngayo. Ubona fratricide, ukufa. Gregory bahlangana Cossack "red", esithinta umbono wakhe. Kodwa ngemva kokubona esabekayo bakhe ukufa kobudlova liya ohlangothini "amhlophe". Kodwa nakhu akabalahli ukungaqiniseki owakhetha kahle. Ziningi ezulazulayo ukunqamula ezweni isiRashiya, ekhungethwe yimpi, ukuphanga ubumpofu, ekupheleni ukubuya ekhaya lakhe, kanye aminyene ezinomsindo. Wasinda kuphela indodana, udadewabo Gregory - impi yombango engawayekanga ubani.

"Epholile Flows Don" - inoveli, ukubuyekeza zazo kwesokunxele cishe njalo ovelele e izincwadi XX leminyaka. umbhali Lithuanian J. Avizhyus ukuthi umlobi waleli umsebenzi omkhulu engaboshiwe iyiphi imithetho kanye canons babe. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi le noveli kulotshiwe enamandla, futhi iphila ohangulayo iqiniso lokuphila. "Isimo noveli has a ubuqotho ezingavamile sengathi ezibaziweyo kusuka ubumba olulodwa" - wabhala J. Avizhyus.

Isihloko cwaningo mlando eziningi ezivelele futhi abahlaziyi bemibhalo kwaba "epholile Flows Don". Izibuyekezo zomsoli noveli - isihloko isibalo esikhulu izihloko ezibucayi. V. Petelina umbono mayelana main uhlamvu imisebenzi yangempela inkolelo yokungafi typicality lo muntu okukhulunywa ngaye. Ngokusho nomcwaningi tetemibhalo, uGregory iwuphawu bonke abantu, isithombe lilonke zonke kwalabo abasinda nesibhicongo eminyakeni inguquko. Kwakukhona izigidi.

Aksinya

Uhlamvu main uwukubonakaliswa uthando kwezobuciko, ngokuphamazela kanye isazela. isiphetho sakhe esiyinhlekelele futhi akunakwenzeka ukuba ngenye indlela, owanikwa izenzakalo eziye zenzeka ngisho endlini kababa. Aksinya kwaba abahlukunyezwe odlameni lwasemndenini. Leli qiniso walala isithunzi elala umyeni osemusha. Kepha thandani Axinya eshintsha ngokuhamba elandisayo. Heroine siya amadala, futhi ikhula futhi umuzwa yayo. Ekuqaleni noveli kuba zobugovu, futhi ekupheleni ukhumbuza ukunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe, kuba umhlatshelo.

Nge ngokwengqondo ezicashile kuvezwa ikakhulu enovelini "Futhi epholile Flows Don" Sholokhov Mikhail. Ukubuyekeza, imicabango yabantu mayelana nale ncwadi, naphezu mpikiswano engapheli mayelana ubuqambi, uyavuma entweni eyodwa - ke Mkhulu lo msebenzi. Alexei UTolstoy wathi ukuthi elale ndalo, futhi nakuba kahle yethulwa kakhulu ekuphileni we Don Cossacks, namanje ziqokonyiswe izihloko jikelele futhi kazwelonke.

Ukubona Don

Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa kuze Cossacks esithombeni inoveli. Budebuduze edolobhaneni Veshenskaya, ekhaya ukuze nabalingiswa abasemqoka, owelula omkhulu Don anamandla. Akekho omunye ngaphandle lepilo yabo bonke abantu. Isihloko sencwadi uyaphikisana izenzakalo ezichazwe kulo. Ukuphila komkhaya Melekhovo, Astakhov nezinye izinhlamvu kungukuthi uyogcwala ukuthula nokuzola. Kodwa isithombe komfula elifanekisela izifiso kanye okulindelwe izinhlamvu, okuyinto zidalwe enovelini "Futhi epholile Flows Don" Mikhail Sholokhov. Amazwana mayelana naleli bhuku Sergeya Mihalkova ukuqhathanisa indima Don emsebenzini umbhali Soviet ne iVolga emisebenzini Gorky sika.

Natalia

Ikhono Sholokhov wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile namazwana ababesele abameleli eyinhloko izincwadi Soviet. "Epholile Flows Don", ngokusho umbhali Yu. V. Bondareva, incwadi lapho ongaphambili kwaba isiphetho abantu abavamile. Abameleli abantu kamuva owaba izithombe ozithandayo umsebenzi abalobi pro-Soviet. Kodwa kufanele bakhokhe intela ukuze isipho bokubeka umbhali owadala eni of the namaqhawekazi, abangena kamuva baba bhá emlandweni zonke izincwadi. Lezi izithombe kanye Axinya abanothando nokunokuthula Natalia futhi Darya othanda izinto kalula.

Unkosikazi Gregory Melehova - samuntu kothando sokuzidela, ogcwele isihe, akupheli nothando lukamama. Eminyakeni yokuqala yomshado ijabulisa, yena ayikwazi uwukubonakaliswa imizwa. Natalia ukuthi usemncane kakhulu, futhi inhliziyo yakhe wayengenaye ashisayo. It odlulela Gregory engapheli yokuqhathanisa umkakhe amthandayo Aksinya.

Isiphetho Natalia udumele, njengoba ukuphila oyimbangi yakhe. Gregory idabukile phakathi kwakhe indlovukazi yakhe, futhi ayikwazanga ndawo ukuthola injabulo. Kodwa, naphezu kwayo yonke into, yena eqhubeka ethanda futhi ngibe othembekile. Ukufa Natalia Melekhova kuholela yokuthi uthando unxantathu sinqamukile. Lutho ayisekho kuvimbela Ngenhlanhla UGregory Aksinya. Nokho, kusekuningi impi, okuletha usizi, ubhekane nobunzima nokuhlupheka nokufa. Futhi akukho lutho ngaphezulu.

Ilinichna

amandla ezingakaze zibe khona. ukuthi unothando futhi uhlakaniphile komama has Ilinichna. Uyazi impilo nokuthi ukuze okuyinto ebusa kuwo. Ukuhlakanipha kwaleli wesifazane ebonisa kwawo nesihloko umakoti. Futhi kuthatha Natalia endlini yakhe futhi ezingxoxweni emfushane, sifuna ukuba adlulisele isipiliyoni sakhe. Ilinichna ukwazi ukubuyisela ukuthula endlini, njengoba kufakazelwa ubuhlobo bakhe Panteleem Prokofevichem. Yena yedwa bakwazi ukunqanda zasendle intukuthelo hot lo muntu. Futhi naye uyazi ukuthi kuphela uthando izingane uyakwazi ukuxhuma abazali.

Pantelei

Melekhovo yomkhaya - indoda kanzima futhi zikhuthale. Iqukethe kakhulu ngokusobala izici ephelelwe yisikhathi yalelozwe wezinzalamizi. Melekhov Sr. ecabanga unelungelo ukuze ajezise owamazibulo nomkakhe ongathembekile sika. Futhi uyena yedwa okufanelekelayo ukuba umakoti omncane engenathi okungukuthi isenzo kuphakeme ngilambatha ngisho ne mores yesikhathi. Kodwa ngaphakathi Panteleya Prokofevicha uhlala umusa, isisa. Lezi izimfanelo ziyabonakala, okokuqala kunakho konke, ngokuphathelene Natalia. Ubaba ubuhlungu ngoba indodakazi wayezondwa indodana yakhe. Ulwela ukulimaza sifinyelele ubulungiswa. Futhi nakuba lo mqondo-ke ukuthi unesikhathi kuhle ehlukile, eliqhutshwa izenzo zakhe zinezinhloso ezinhle kuphela.

Peter Melekhov

Ubuhle nento eliphansi umfowabo omdala Gregory. Kodwa ekuqaleni le noveli sinezimfanelo ngokuhlakanipha, ozothile, nabanomusa. Kamuva izahluko, okuyinto ukutshela mayelana nenkonzo yezempi, umfundi siyavela uPetru ahluke kancane. Lokhu - uyiqili, akwazi ukujwayela. Ayikho igazi kushisa kuye, okuyinto uyise omzalayo, nomfowabo omncane nodadewabo. Futhi kukhona ukuthi nezifiso esihle ukuzimela, okuletha ndawonye amalungu Melekhovo umndeni.

Daria

Omunye umlingiswa zesifazane ezithakazelisayo umfazi uPetru. Daria - ezikhangayo, ukwenzela ukungena okuncane kakhulu. Ukuphila komkhaya ngeke bancishwa ubuhle bakhe girlish. Kodwa nesifiso ukuphila, ukuba sijabule odlulela ke ukuthi benze zonke izinhlobo amacala. I esibi kunazo wabo uba ukubulala. Nokho, igciwane lesandulela ngculazi "isifo esibi" ngenxa ngokungakhethi ukuthandana, yena waminza emfuleni ezijulile ngamabomu.

Izibuyekezo

Mayelana noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don" Mihail Sholohov wathi njengoba umsebenzi owawuzomnika nesikhathi esinzima. Kuyo, wachaza ubudala kanye Russia entsha, futhi okubaluleke - inkathi ebuhlungu shintsho olukhulu, okuyinto nezilima isiphetho ngabantu. Nobunzima nasekusweleni abathintekayo umlingisi namaqhawe, lezo kuwo wonke eyibhalela sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo.

Inani National yincwadi ethi "The epholile Don". Mikhail Sholokhov owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi Yu. V. Bondarevym mlando olunzulu, omsebenzi wakhe kwaba kudlula umsebenzi walabo abacwaningi abafunda ngokuhlobana unomkhuba kudida ezingaphezu kuka ukhanyisa.

Umbuzo ka owabhala "I epholile Don", ngokomthetho ivaliwe. Zabhalwa le noveli lawo. He qamba noveli "Futhi epholile Flows Don" Sholohov Mihail Aleksandrovich. Abanye abacwaningi banelungelo lokuzwakalisa izimvo ukuthi wenze umsebenzi sína eside. Nokho le nkulumo ethi "umbhali abasha noveli enkulu imiqulu ezine" umsindo, okungenani, iyashaywa okungaziwayo. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, konke ku-ithalente engenakuqhathaniswa ukuvela kuphela encwadini eyodwa.