Izimpi ZabaseCarthage

I ZabaseCarthage Izimpi eRoma ayengabangane amandla zaseNyakatho Afrika, edolobheni laseFenike iCarthage sokuba khona eRoma, kanye ubukhosi esisentshonalanga yeMedithera. Isivumelwano ukuhweba kuqala phakathi kwamaRoma abaseCarthage kuphothuliwe e 509 BC On the division of imikhakha izivumelwano ithonya kwavuselela ngonyaka 348, ngonyaka 305 nonyaka 281 BC.

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka iCarthage kwakuwumqansa ukubusa ne Sicilia namaGreki. Kule ngxenye ningizimu-ntshonalanga Sicily iyona ihogela ithonya abaseCarthage (iCarthage). AmaGreki Sicilia ekuqaleni kwekhulu 3rd. BC. e. Kwakungafanele bebekezele bebodwa ne ingcindezi enkulu. Ngenxa yalokho, baphoqeleka ukuba ukufuna usizo lwangaphandle, ikakhulukazi, ukuba inkosi kaPhiru, futhi kamuva (emva ukuthunjwa eningizimu ye-Italy lase libhujiswa ngemaRoma) - kuhulumeni wamaRoma.

Impi lasendulo kwaba umphumela zezenzakalo ezikule ncwadi. Ngo 282 BC e Messana (idolobha laseGrisi) engena Amasosha Italian (ngokusho kwabanye imithombo bebizelwa Mamertines) walithumba. Kodwa Hiero of Syracuse (umbusi idolobha) waqala uxoshe abahlaseli. Mamertines nanulsu ukucela ukusekela zangaphandle: ezinye ukucela usizo abaseRoma, nabanye - kusukela abaseCarthage. Ukunganeliseki ngezinhlelo amaRoma kwabangelwa ayehlasela abaseCarthage Messana.

ZabaseCarthage neMpi waqala ngo-264 BC g. e. ne ukufika kwabantu baseRoma yeSisili ukuxoshwa abaseCarthage kusukela Messana. Kwaholela Roman amabutho inxusa Appiy Klavdy. UMbusi Messana waphetha neRoma Union. Ndawonye abayiqhuba abaseCarthage nokusuka Agrigento. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngaphambili abaseRoma, imikhumbi yawo yayingaphelele, basheshe walakha futhi anqoba ezimpini eziningana phezu abaseCarthage, owaziwa ngokuba amandla esithayamanzini sabo ngelwandle. Ukunqoba lokuqala asolwandle yazuza ogwini olusenyakatho yeSisili Duilio. Empini ukusebenzisa kokusungulwa lase libhujiswa ngemaRoma egibela amabhuloho. Ngo-256 BC inxusa Regulus iwine ukunqoba olandelayo ngo Eknome. Njengoba ibutho lakhe, wazithola esesifundazweni Afrika. Ngo 255, amaRoma bahlulwa umlawuli waqasha Xanthippe siboshwa uthola Duilio. Nokho, naphezu okudalwa amaRoma, ukugebenga esebenzisa isihluku ukulahlekelwa ngesikhathi isiphepho mabutho eziningana, base enqobile ku izwe umuzi waseFenike entshonalanga ye Sicily Panormo. Esikhathini kusuka 248 ku 242 eminyakeni amaRoma ayiziswana imizi Sicilia yebutho waseCarthage iphansi kwesandla sika-Hamilcar Barca. Lokhu nomholi wezempi abanamakhono uwina kokubili ukunqoba zasolwandle kanye umhlaba. Nokho, izinto zashintsha e 242, ngemva kokunqotshwa ngoxhaxha waseCarthage eziqhingini Egatskih. Ngenxa yokuthi ulwandle yayibuswa amaRoma, Hamilcar waqunywa wasuka eCarthage, Punicians baphoqeleka ukuba uphetha disadvantageous kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngu wesigodi, kwadingeka bayeke Sicily ngokuphelele. Wokulwa eCarthage ZabaseCarthage neMpi Amandla okwesikhashana isikhashana. Ngokuqeda abaseCarthage aphume impi, amaRoma ephethwe ukuyokudla Sardinia.

Iqalisiwe ZabaseCarthage neMpi ngenxa ukunwetshwa eCarthage Spain. Kusukela ngonyaka 237 ojenene waseCarthage (Hasdrubal, Hamilcar, uHannibal) yanqoba izizwe ezihlukahlukene Spanish. Ngo 218, amaRoma iqale impi ngo-iCarthage. Isizathu kwaba ekuthatheni inyunyana Roma Sagunto. Umkhuzi Hannibal outwitted amaRoma, wona kulindeleke ngokuhlasela kwakhe olwandle, ukweqa izintaba zasePyrenees futhi eGaul, Alps kanye cishe ezingafinyeleleki, phansi inyakatho ye-Italy. Ngenxa ukufika kwalo ngokuzumayo futhi swiftness, yena kukora ngokunqoba eziningana ekhaliphile. Ngo 216, e Battle of Cannae Hannibal iphula Roman ngamabutho ayizinkulungwane ezingu-80. Nokho, ungene eRoma akazange aphumelele ukubuyisana nomkakhe. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, uHannibal uqondisa amehlo yethu maqondana nemizi ocebile wase-Italy. Nokho, ngo-214, ekunqobeni abaseCarthage phezu. Kuze kube 202 eminyakeni ojenene waseCarthage anqotshwa. Ngenxa yalokho, benza ukuthula.

Ubutha waqala 149, amaRoma. Esaba imvuselelo eCarthage, ibutho lamaRoma esahlozinga umuzi. Abantu bendawo bavikela iminyaka emithathu. Nokho, ngo-146 iCarthage elathunjwa futhi ubhujiswe.

ZabaseCarthage neMpi ezazihlupha eningizimu ye-Italy ukuze onqenqemeni bake bachuma yalahlekelwa yiyo yonke ukubaluleka kwezomnotho.