Yiziphi izimo zemvelo eGibhithe?

Igama elithi "eGibithe" Lokudabuka ngesiGreki. AmaGreki ngakho Ushintshe dolobha lasendulo kwabaseGibhithe - Memphis. Ngokwabo njengoba izakhamizi endulo ngokuthi ezweni labo "Kemet", okusho ukuthi "omnyama." Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi umbala ezihloniphekayo, njengoba iwuphawu umhlaba eshayisa. UHerodotus wabhala mayelana abakhileyo amazwe ase-Afrika ukuthi "abaseGibithe, bonke labo amanzi eNayile." Kuyinto lo mfula wanika ukuphila ukuba abantu basendulo, abaye eyakhelwe empucukweni ephambili. Lokhu lula izimo zezulu laseGibhithe. Sizozama ukuze aqonde ukuthi yini engavamile ngakho mayelana kwaba ukuthi lokhu ingxenye ethize yalokho umhlaba, amakhilomitha ambalwa ububanzi, kubhekwa sombuso isintu. Yiziphi izimo zemvelo eGibhithe lasendulo, kwaba nomthelela kule nkinga? Sizozama ukuphendula le mibuzo.

Imibandela zemvelo waseGibhithe lasendulo: imingcele yemvelo

Ancient Egypt kwadingeka imingcele zemvelo, okwakwenza izakhamuzi zakhona labantu autochthonous. Kwaba oasis omkhulu ehlane sabafileyo. Nile kusukela embundwini ngowokuqala Mediterranean ubude bayo babuyizingalo mayelana 1200 km. izintaba Rocky kanye ezingwadule entshonalanga nasempumalanga, Rapids esingaweleki eningizimu, nolwandle enyakatho - konke lokhu wanika izwe behlukene ngaphandle kwezwe zasendle, ukuba nenhliziyo ezolile ukuthuthukiswa zensimu.

Isimo sezulu

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi isimo sezulu samanje izimo zemvelo laseGibhithe kwakhiwa mayelana 5 izinkulungwane. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Isimo sezulu ehlane kushisa futhi kupholile kusihlwa yesithwathwa.

Kusukela ngo-March kuya Meyi kufika "esibi" ngesikhathi izakhamuzi. Kwacishe izinyanga ezimbili, zineminyaka iziphepho zesihlabathi. Fields ke embozwe ungqimba obukhulu isihlabathi. "Red ehlane umoya" engcwaba wonke umzana. Ngezinye izikhathi wayebamba ukuvala ilanga kangangokuba kwaba nzima ukuhlukanisa ebusuku kusukela ekuseni, eBhayibhelini kukhona into emelela "ubumnyama yaseGibhithe", okuyinto ephawula lesi simanga.

Izimvula akazange ukudlala noma yimuphi ndima kwezolimo futhi kubhekwe izinhlekelele zemvelo. Ukuze sisinde, labantu kwadingeka ukwakha ngenkasa izinhlelo. Ngakho, izimo zemvelo laseGibhithe kwaphoqa abantu zibe ibhizinisi inhlangano enkulu.

Okunjalo Neal ezahlukene

INayile, bangakunaki okwakukhona ithuba lapha ukuthuthukisa impucuko, akuyona zifane ezweni lonke. Kusukela embundwini ngowokuqala emzini Memphis (endaweni eduze banamuhla Cairo), ububanzi izigodi sikulungele ukuba kuphilwe kuso zazisuka amakhilomitha ambalwa ukuba 40, enyakatho ye-Memphis idwala sesihlukana kanye neNayile sehlukaniswe amagatsha amaningi, kube yisigodi ububanzi enyakatho ngesimo unxantathu - a delta emfuleni. Uma ubheka ibalazwe, umfula ufana umuthi ipotimende elilodwa, ekhelini phezulu. Umehluko phakathi enyakatho (Lower Egypt) naseNingizimu (elibangise eNhla neGibhithe) kwahluka ngokucacile: Yena wayengumbulali sezulu Mediterranean, kwesinye - i-Afrika. Iphinde bathonya umlando waleli zwe, njengoba kukhona uthi ezimbili ezihlukene zadalwa, kodwa kamuva ahlanganisiwe.

isimangaliso nemvelo

Nile Uniform ezakhiwe Fusion kwemifula emibili ehlukene. Omunye - ezolile (Belyy Nil), zivela Victoria, okuyinto e-sub-Saharan Africa. Okunye - okusheshayo (zomfula iBlue Nile), sivela yasezinkangala Ethiopia Lake Tana.

River - isimangaliso bemvelo kweqiniso. Yena wadala indawo evumayo ekuthuthukeni kwezolimo baseGibhithe lasendulo. Lokhu kwakubangelwa ukuhlehliswa ka eNile daka nesingakhangi. ivolumu salo sifinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-100 yezimbiwa ocebile alluvium umquba. Izinga kwenhlabathi ufinyelela 18-20 amamitha, lapho kungenzeka ukuba kukhule izitshalo ezahlukene. Ukuze ukutshala noma iyiphi isitshalo, kwanele nje athambise kancane inhlabathi ngokurhaba hoe zazingavumi kahle futhi bengenalo aphonse mineral inhlabathi imbewu. Lesi sipho bemvelo bavunyelwe kule nsimu amancane futhi ushiye umcabango wokuthi noma yimuphi Ukuthuthwa beyofuna ukuphila okungcono.

Ake siqhathanise ubunzima bethu okhokho-amaSlav. Ukuze zikhule emhlabathini, ngisho rye linesizotha, ababenakho ukukhulula ehlathini ezihlahleni, ashise ngakubo + ukuba ngisiphule izimpande, ezijulile zilima izwe, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo futhi ukucinga ehlathini, ngoba inhlabathi selikhathele futhi enganikanga isivuno olandelayo.

Kungani Nile Ugcwalise

izikhukhula Modern eRussia axhunyiwe nge imvula ebusika, ugcwalise Nile, kunalokho, kunezimvula ehlobo ezishisayo-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara. Bona njalo waqala ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuze ngosuku olulodwa, ngakho abaseGibhithe ngokushesha bazivumelanisa ikhalenda.

Ekuqaleni kuka-June, amanzi uphendulela oluhlaza ngenxa ulwelwe marsh, umfula kamuva waphenduka konsundu abangelwa yisisindo esikhulu lothuli lwezintaba-mlilo. Wawela phakathi iBlue Nile ngenxa yezimvula ezinamandla, owanikhipha idwala ezintabeni emfuleni. Izinga amanzi isesikhathini 15 metres, lokubonakala semifula, lapho ukujula luyanda 7-8 amamitha.

amanzi isiqongo esigodini Egypt bawela ekupheleni kuka-September - ekuqaleni kuka-October. Ngo-December, umfula wawukade ingxenye ithrekhi.

EMpumalanga, Egypt akulona impucuko kuphela waphila kukazamcolo. Enye indawo enjalo yayiwukuthi eMesophothamiya, owahlala e-bangakunaki ukuphila iTigrisi ne-Ewufrathe.

Inkinga eyinhloko kwaba uzamcolo eMesophothamiya, okwadala izinkinga eziningi, kuhlanganise indlala okwalandela nezifo eziwumshayabhuqe.

EGibhithe, ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho Ayengekho umswakama owawudla ongaphakeme.

"Kwakubonakala sengathi silo wafuna ukuba achithe yonke yokuphila ..."

Izakhamuzi asendulo ayekhulekela saseNayile, nakho konke ukuthi ngandlela-thile kwakuhlangene kungasaziwa zidlule. Kodwa noma ngabe izimo zemvelo laseGibhithe nethonya elikhulu kangaka ekuphileni kwakho?

Lo mbuzo uphendulwa ngumuntu elandisayo yale mlando Arab ekhulwini XII ku izinto emithonjeni ngokomlando esekhona. Ngonyaka owodwa kwakukhona isomiso esinzima, "kwabonakala sikhohlakali wafuna ukuba achithe yonke yokuphila nendlela yokuziphilisa." Abantu baye baphelelwa ithemba ngoba ukuchitha, okubangela amanani wagxuma imikhiqizo. Umphakathi, ahlubuka ehlubukile, ke wayeyibona yokulamba okwakusondela kungenzeka ukufa.

Lesi simo yashubisa simo esishisayo, okuyinto zabangela isifo kusuka izidumbu eziningi. Abampofu babé nezinja, amakati, izilwane ezifile nabantu indle siqu kanye umquba. Ezinye abilisiwe nezitini izingane ezincane.

Indaba Yiqiniso, Kuyashaqisa, kodwa kuyacaca ukuthi kungani abaseGibhithe asendulo ayekhulekela emfuleni kangaka futhi wajabula kakhulu lapho kuyachichima.

thruway

Umfula wakhonza khona njengenceku main zokuthutha Umthambo e embusweni, njengohlanga ukugeleza ngokusebenzisa lonke lelo zwe. Nokubhukuda akasenzanga ukugeleza kusukela eningizimu kuya enyakatho, kodwa kunalokho, njengoba ngokuvamile yashaya enyakatho futhi enyakatho-ntshonalanga umoya, evumela ukusetshenziswa useyili kolunye uhlangothi.

Yiziphi izimo zemvelo waseGibhithe lasendulo abangu kwalokho obuhle Nile ochithekile? Okulandelayo, sibe siphendula lo mbuzo.

ezivundile

AbaseGibithe wahlala hhayi kuphela eSigodini saseNayile, kodwa futhi zihlakazeke emhlabeni ezivundile encane - iziqhingi ipharadesi zasemazweni namanzi phakathi engapheli ogwadule olungenalutho. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke lezi - Fayum samanzi East. Babenenala endaweni mayelana 2 sq. M. km.

Ezivundile babe endaweni engaziwa isimo, njengoba kulula ngabo kwaba ukuthola ngokusebenzisa amakhilomitha logwadule efile. amaningi kakhulu abaye bafa kubo, uzama ukuthola kubo, noma okuphambene nalokho, ukuphuma. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi abaseGibhithe babengcwaba wathumela ezindaweni zabo izigebengu ukubagcina kona khona ngaphandle ukuvikelwa.

Imibandela engokwemvelo Egypt (5 ikilasi, umlando): izimila nezilwane endulo

Izimila nezilwane ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuwukuthi ehlukile, bacebe kakhulu manje.

Entwasahlobo ka esigodini kungabonwa Amadube, inyathi, izindlulamithi, izingulube zasendle eNayile emaxhaphozini, nezinyamazane, izindlulamithi, izingwe namabhubesi, Barbary imvu. Ngo emfuleni bathwalwa izingwenya, izimvubu, izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi. Konke lokhu kwenza ukuba ehlukahlukene ekudleni abakhileyo, ukunikeza emakethe nge game nenhlanzi.

Phakathi Yamila wamasundu-lotus,-papyrus, umtholo, komthamariske, komkhiwane. Lokhu sekwenze kwaba lula ukusebenzisa izinsuku ukudla, amakhiwane, wenze iphepha (zebungu), izitshalo ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha.

izinsiza Iwusizo

Nature endowed Egypt hhayi kuphela emhlabathini ovundile, flora nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, kodwa futhi zigcine ongashi ekwakheni itshe: limestone, sandstone, egwadle, le-basalt, alabhaste angenisa ukukhanya, soda (mica, elisetshenziswa ukugqumisa). ENubia, futhi eMpumalanga kukhona ezifakwa ocebile zegolide, budebuduze abaseGibithe iSinayi - ezifakwa abalulekile zethusi emkhandweni wensimbi.

Izinto ukuthi okungenisiwe zize kuleli zwe, kwaba kancane ithini, isiliva, lemisedari.

isiphetho

Siye waphendula umbuzo, yini izimo zemvelo eGibhithe lasendulo impucuko sisavunyelwe ukuba sibe khona. Ngamafuphi. I ingcebo yezwe futhi izikhukhula saseNayile lula kakhulu ukuphila abaseGibhithe. Yingakho kukhona ngokushesha savela impucuko, ngokuphambene, isibonelo, zivela kwezinye izindawo lapho abantu njalo on the esengozini yokufa nokuphila. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo izimo ezinjalo okusemathinini ukuthuthukiswa isayensi nobuchwepheshe.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zokuphila zabanye abantu bayaphoqeleka ukuba bathole ezinye, amathuluzi ezingcono, ukucinga izinto ezintsha, isayensi iqhubekela phambili. Lokhu kuholela ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa lempi, ngcono izikhali. Konke lokhu kuye kwawathinta umlando waseGibhithe lasendulo, lapho impi zempi ukukhanya nge pikes yethusi izimbazo ibhekene ngaphezulu izikhali ethuthukile bakwamanye amazwe.