Izimpawu toxoplasmosis ezingamahlalakhona. Toxoplasmosis: Ukwelashwa

Kukhona nje kungekho isifo ekhona. Lokhu izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, kanye nezifo fungal, ngisho yisinanakazana. Omunye isifo ezinjalo kuba toxoplasmosis. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuqonda imibuzo elandelayo: Kuyini toxoplasmosis, izimbangela kanye nezimpawu, sitholakele isifo.

Sivame ukucabanga ukuthi uma kukhona isifo, kumelwe kube khona izimpawu, kodwa isifo libhekene ngokunembile iqiniso lokuthi iminyaka eminingi, futhi kungase kudlule ngokuphelele ngaphandle izimpawu ezisobala.

I-ejenti causative lesi sifo

Izwe nje enza lenqwaba eziphilayo kungabangela izifo ezihlukahlukene kubantu nasezilwaneni. Omunye amagciwane sinjalo ejenti causative of toxoplasmosis - a gondi Toxoplasma. Abathwala lesi sifo - amakati nezinja. Futhi akunandaba, isilwane noma ehlangeni.

Amagciwane eba futhi liphindaphindeke emzimbeni yalezi zilwane, futhi kanye indle ingena imvelo. Ukunakekela izilwane, ingamamitha engozini enkulu yokungenwa yilesi sifo.

Ngokuvamile izingane ezincane abadlala e-Sandbox, kungase ngengozi mbeni indle izilwane - bekulokhu ithuba elihle pathogen ukungena emzimbeni. Ngisho abavamile tiskane nomdlwana ehlangeni noma amazinyane kungaholela ukutheleleka uma izilwane abathwali lesi silwanyana.

Toxoplasmosis anele ekuthonyweni amathonya zangaphandle, ngakho Kalula by ukwelashwa ukushisa, kanye bedle amakhemikhali.

Uma uqhathanisa lesi nabanye nokudlanga isifo, kuba sezingeni eliphansi. Ikakhulu ezitholakala eNingizimu naseLatin America, lapho abangaphezu kuka-90% yesizwe sonkana bane-le lwegciwane.

Izindlela ukutheleleka

Uma Kutholwe ngesikhathi kuhlolwa toxoplasmosis okungalapheki abesifazane, ukutheleleka kungenzeka ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Ngemlomo.
2. Transplatsentarno.
3. Phakathi ukumpontshelwa igazi daka isitho Ukufakelwa.

izilwane eziningi kakhulu Sebawoti Lesisemkhatsini toxoplasmosis Amagciwane, ukuze ukwazi ukubamba, usithathela inyama insufficiently okuphekiwe. Futhi, uma isilwane sakho has izimuncagazi emzimbeni, kuyinto ukuxhumana ngamathe yayo esikhunjeni kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we ukutheleleka kungenzeka. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, zama ukungazivezi kiss nezilwane abazifuyile, gezisisa izandla emva ukuhlanza ugqoko isilwane futhi uyigcine izitsha ezihlanzekile.

Lapho inqubo ukutheleleka transplacental kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa yi-placenta, lapho ingane namanje esibelethweni. esiyingozi Ikakhulukazi kulesi sici kubhekwa senyanga yokuqala sokukhulelwa, uma kungukuthi ngalesi sikhathi kukhona isifo, kungenzeka ukuba ayothola toxoplasmosis azalwa nako. Izimpawu avele elikhanyayo ngokwanele futhi lesi sifo-20% amacala kunzima.

Ukutheleleka ngesikhathi ampontshelwe igazi, ngalé isitho ukufakelwa ivelakancane, kodwa abantu ababuthakathaka amasosha omzimba ingozi yokubamba isifo iqhubeka.

Ngemva zokungenisa amagciwane luhlala emathunjini, bese nande ngokwanele nge zamanje ifinyelela lymph zamanzi. Phakathi nale nkathi, ongazibona ukwandisa. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Amagciwane eyalo egazini wonke umzimba futhi kungaba axazulule zonke kwezitho nezicubu.

izinhlobonhlobo toxoplasmosis

Lapho uphethwe "toxoplasmosis" izimpawu, izimpawu zingase zihluke kuye ifomu lesi sifo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana lesi sifo:

1. toxoplasmosis olunamandla.
2. Cerebral.
3. Azalwa naso.
4. Eye.
5. Common.
6. Okungalapheki.

Konke lokhu zilwane kungenziwa olunye ngamaqembu amabili: abeyizuzile futhi toxoplasmosis azalwa nako. ifomu azalwa naso wengane uthola umama onegciwane phakathi kwengane esiswini, futhi zonke izinhlobo atholwe toxoplasmosis umuntu ungathola ngasiphi isikhathi phakathi nokuphila.

Izimpawu toxoplasmosis okungamahlalakhona

Kaningi, ifomu okukhulu toxoplasmosis iba kancane kancane ezingamahlalakhona. Lolu hlobo libhekene izinkathi lokubuya kwesifo kanye ukuthethelelwa. It has ezingamahlalakhona toxoplasmosis izimpawu eziyingozi, phakathi okuyizinto lokhu okulandelayo:

• ukudakwa;
• myalgia;
• arthralgia;
• ukucasuka;
• inkumbulo ukungakhuli;
• ukuqina kwemisipha;
• myocarditis;
• kuwukubonakaliswa dystonia vegetative-semithambo (kwezinye izimo);
• endocrine iziyaluyalu endaweni.

Sifo kunzima kakhulu, ngoba izimpawu toxoplasmosis ezingamahlalakhona zifana kakhulu izifo eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-herpes, i-chlamydia kanye ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza babe nezimpawu ezifanayo.

toxoplasmosis Okungalapheki kwenzeka amagagasi, izinkathi exacerbation esikhundleni remissions iDemo.

Isigaba acute lesi sifo

Ngemva contact ngamagciwane emzimbeni womuntu amasonto 2-3 bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi ihlala. Cishe wonke umuntu ngalesi sikhathi athoma ukuba amasosha omzimba akha izivikeli mzimba ngaphandle abangela izifo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi - eyinhloko toxoplasmosis esicashile.

Thola khona ukutheleleka emzimbeni kungenzeka kuphela ngosizo ukuhlolwa. Uma uhlelo umuntu sokuzivikela ibuthakathaka, kubonakala toxoplasmosis ezingamahlalakhona. Izimpawu kulokhu kukhona evelele. Kukhona isigaba acute, okuyinto ithuthuka ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ifuze meningitis noma encephalitis.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba aqhube luhlolo egcwele isiguli ukuhlonza izimbangela isimo futhi uphethwe yini. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu amafomu acute lesi sifo yilezi:

• izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, okuyinto ngeke aphule antipyretics;
• indoda Ufaka kule ukushisa nokubanda;
• ubuthaka umzimba wonke;
• ukuqubuka emzimbeni (kwezinye izimo);
• imisipha ziphelelwe yisimo sazo;
• izinkinga umbono;
• evuvukele zamanzi;
• ukuthuthukiswa pneumonia;
• ukulahlekelwa okungazelelwe memory;
• ukuphazamiseka kokulala kanye nenhliziyo emnyama.

Izimpawu toxoplasmosis okungalapheki kunzima ukuyelapha. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo sifo kungaba ngisho ukubulala. Ngezinye izikhathi kuphela ngokuhamba ukuxilongwa okujuli- angase abhekisele uphethwe "toxoplasmosis" izimpawu. Futhi ukwelashwa liyadingeka, kuye ngobucayi sifo. Uma imishanguzo kuphumelela, kungenzeka sokusukuma futhi ukudluliswa isifo efomini esicashile.

ekuxilongweni toxoplasmosis

Sifo kungenzeka kuphela emva luhlolo olunzulu, futhi isiqinisekiso laboratory. Kucatshangelwe njengoba zindlela lesi sifo, okungukuthi, ukuxhumana amakati, imikhuba yokudla, ukubandakanya okhokhelwayo.

Izindlela ezisetshenziswa e uphethwe laboratory zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:

1. Parasitology.
2. Immunological.

Njengoba izimpawu njalo toxoplasmosis ihlukile kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi awaveli noma eshelelayo, uphethwe kunzima. Lokhu amabutho azokuqhubela luhlolo olunzulu, kuhlanganise izindlela ezahlukahlukene.

izindlela Parasitological zisekelwe ukuthola agent causative ngokusebenzisa bioassay. Lezi zihlanganisa: smear kusukela amalaka, izindlala zamanzi, siqhuba izifundo histological amalungiselelo kwezitho abathintekayo.

The njalo kunazo wasebenzisa izindlela neqembu lesibili - immunoassays. Zakhiwa serological ukuhlolwa kanye intradermal ukuhlolwa. Lezi assays kuqondile ngempela futhi kungacacisa ukuthi isimo izifo.

ekwelapheni toxoplasmosis

Odokotela abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi toxoplasmosis cishe akunakwenzeka ukuqedela yokutakula. Amagciwane kanye namasosha omzimba nalokho kuyoba ukuphila emzimbeni womuntu, lapho toxoplasmosis (izimpawu, uphethwe). Ukwelapha ukuba isikhathi eside. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi belashwa ngokugcwele ngeke ukuvikele nemiphumela enqala kungenzeka.

Phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezisetshenzisiwe, kungase kushiwo yilezi:

• ejenti antiparasitic;
• "Pirametamin", "Sulfadimezin" (okuyinto avame ukusetshenziswa);
• macrolide imithi elwa namagciwane "clarithromycin", "spiramycin";
• imithi antifungal;
• antivirals.

Kufanele wakhumbula ukuthi imithi yenziwa kuphela uma inkinga itholakala lapho baqinisekisa ngokugcwele.

Namuhla imithi ubhekana toxoplasmosis acute ngemithi elwa namagciwane, ngelashwa nangemithi. Ukwelapha lide ngempela futhi siqukethe izifundo eziningana. Endabeni ka-toxoplasmosis ezingamahlalakhona ngamunye, izimpawu kuyaqedwa ku izikimu ngabanye.

ekwelapheni lesi sifo

Uma ukonakaliswa ifomu acute kucace, ikufanele ezingamahlalakhona yokwelapha ezinzima. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba alulame ngokugcwele, kodwa kuphela lapho kungenzeka translation ifomu esicashile.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, okuyinto ngempumelelo esigabeni oyingozi, kulesi simo akukuniki elamukelekile. Ligcizelela ukwelashwa immunomodulatory ukuthi kunomthelela kwemizwelo esimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni zomzimba ukuba simelane Toxoplasma.

Ngokuvamile amafomu njalo toxoplasmosis ziphathwa kuphela ngesimo acute, kodwa kukhona ezinye izimo lapho awukwazi ukulinda ubufakazi obucacile.

Lezi okuhlukile zihlanganisa usongo kwesisu ngesikhathi ekhulelwe noma amathuba ukungazali, izinkinga zamehlo. Isiqondiso main ekwelapheni - ukushabalalisa ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ye isifo futhi sithuthukise isimo lesiguli.

Endabeni amafomu sibi toxoplasmosis okungalapheki izigaba zokuqala uqoke "Pirametamin" ngokuhlanganyela "sulfadiazine" futhi i-folic acid. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi imithi ingase ihlale isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.

Toxoplasmosis futhi Ukukhulelwa

Ngaphambi uhlela ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane akuyona toxoplasmosis ngakho esabekayo. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa zingase zihluke, kodwa amasosha omzimba emzimbeni kungenzeka.

Uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, khona-ke uyingozi umntwana nonina. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka lukhula. Uma engxenyeni yezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala kuba 15%, eyesithathu 60% kakade. Kodwa kobukhulu isifo, kunalokho, incipha.

Fetus itheleleke ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala, cishe nakanjani. Nokho, uma ingane ibelethwe, ke kuyodingeka sina isifo kwengqondo, isibindi, ubende kanye nezinye izitho zangaphakathi.

Ngo okubonakala ingozi Toxoplasma

Toxoplasmosis kuboniswa kakhulu kuyaqabukela, kuphela 1-5% wabo bonke elinegciwane. Zonke ezinye kuba asymptomatic. Ezicacile zako kungabonwa in iziguli immunodeficiency. Kulezi iziguli athuthukile myocarditis, encephalitis.

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi nje musa ekhombisa izimpawu zokungenwa toxoplasmosis okungamahlalakhona, futhi ukwelashwa kungadingeki, kodwa akunjalo. Uma amagciwane amadoda akuthonye, umzimba womuntu wesifazane, ikakhulukazi uma wayeya uba umama, zingaba yingozi njengoba ukungena ngokusebenzisa placenta ezingenzeka embungwini futhi kumenze umonakalo ongalungiseki. Lokhu kungaholela ukuba ukufa kwengane noma ukuthuthukiswa sengozini ahlukahlukene.

Imiphumela sifo

Uma umuntu ethola toxoplasmosis besekhona, lesi sifo kungenzeka kahle ngaphandle izimpawu. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi umzimba wabo has a silwanyana.

Ngazuza ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, isifo kuyoba nemiphumela umntwana. Ukutheleleka ekukhulelweni ngasekupheleni kuzoholela yokuthi ingane izalwe toxoplasmosis acute, okuyinto livezwa imfiva, ukuqubuka, izilonda zangaphakathi.

Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo bayoba nesimo esicashile, ophuma kanye exacerbations. Uma uthi nhlá, ingane evamile kakhulu, kodwa sihlolisisa kwembula ukulimala ukuze isimiso sezinzwa, izinzwa.

Kwezinye izimo, lokubuya kwesifo kungenzeka kuphela enkathini yobusha, lapho ukushintsha kwama-hormone emzimbeni siyenzeka.

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, ikakhulukazi njengoba siwazi insidiousness ka Toxoplasma e abesifazane abakhulelwe kokubeletha benza ngibopha Assay uzingela ukutheleleka. Kodwa kungcono ukuthi abesifazane namanje at the stage of ukuhlela yokukhulelwa zidlulile Luhlolo okunjalo futhi wathatha zonke izinyathelo esimweni lwegciwane ukuthola.

Ukuvimbela toxoplasmosis

Njengoba lesi sifo kuyingozi kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukuvimbela isidingo ukuthatha ezinye izinyathelo. Sesihlole ukuthi toxoplasmosis, izimpawu zesifo. Nokuvinjelwa kwezifo kudlala enkulu, uma kungekhona indima ebaluleke kunazo zonke. Phakathi kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zokuvimbela zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:

1. Ungasebenzisi inyama ukushisa kabi nenhlanzi.
2. Phakathi ukupheka Burgers awunawo umkhuba ukuzama eluhlaza emhlabathini yenkomo.
3. Geza izandla zakho ngemva kokuthinta isilwane sakho, ikakhulukazi ngemva wokuhlanza indlu yangasese yakhe.
4. Hlola izilwane ngoba ukuba khona lwegciwane.
5. Ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, zama ukugwema ivakashele abangane abahlala amakati zasekhaya kanye nezinja.

Uma umuntu (ikakhulukazi owesifazane) ziyilalele imithetho elula, kungenzeka ke ukuthi uhlale uphilile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwabo okuvamile ingane.

Mayelana impilo yakho ngendlela efanele futhi sina, uma ithola nezimpawu ezingavamile ungavumeli izinto ukuthatha inkambo yabo, xhumana nodokotela futhi sidlule izivivinyo. Khona-ke kuyodingeka zonke izizathu ukugwema eziyingozi.