Izazi zesayensi ziye zafunda ukuthi ukuqoqa Cube Rubik sika e 20 uhamba

Ngokuqinisekile, wonke ezaziwa kusukela ebuntwaneni edumile puzzle game, yaqanjwa kumdlali - Erno Rubik. Ngokushesha impela ke kwaduma kwayofinyelela ezingxenyeni ezikude kakhulu zaleli iplanethi.

Ngaphandle dexterity efanele phinda puzzle ngeke isebenze, ngisho kokuba amakhulu kwenziwa zokukhwabanisa, kodwa kunalokho muva ochwepheshe kusukela inkampani-Google Inc. Safunda indlela ukuqoqa Cube Rubik sika e 20 uhamba. Lokhu Imiphumela lokukwazi baye izuzwe ngosizo ikhompyutha, esanikwa isikhulu umsebenzi - ukuhlaziya zonke inhlanganisela kunokwenzeka.

Lapho benza Rubik sika Cube

Emuva ngo-1974 umakhi Hungarian kanye womfundisi at the Academy of Applied Ubuciko Erno Rubik ecabanga ngendlela kahle ukwazi isikhala ezintathu-ntathu.

Wayefuna ukwenza mshini omusha wasiza abafundi ekuhloleni izwe, futhi ngolunye usuku wafika nombono ukuthusa - ukudala puzzle. Inkinga ibonakala aphansi - ukushintshanisa uchungechunge cube, kuze ngamunye amaqembu kuyoba ezinombala ofanayo. Kodwa cube-cube inhlangano isikimu akulula kangako futhi kungaba ubambe ngisho emahoreni ambalwa kwesikhathi, futhi ngaphandle kokunikeza yi. Abafundi bazazisa okusungulile ezithakazelisayo , bathumba ngethoyizi elisha. Ngaleso sikhathi, umdali wayengazi ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, ososayensi ngeke ezikudidayo, ukuxazulula puzzle uze ngeke baqonde indlela ukuqoqa Cube Rubik sika e 20 uhamba.

Kanjani ukuthandwa global

Ekuqaleni, ithoyizi yasekuqaleni kwakungathandeki phakathi zimali. Kukholakala ukuthi kwakungeke kube ukukhiqizwa engabizi, kusukela Cube inhlangano Rubik sika kungaba ezithakazelisayo kuphela nezihlakaniphi. Nokho, omunye isitshalo esincane kwanqunywa emva zonke ukutshala kule phrojekthi engavamile, futhi iphazili iye ukuthola eBudapest.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva uTibor Lakzi, owamunye yezinkampani isiJalimane, efika emzini, abanesifiso puzzle yokuqala, kuyilapho wangaphambili kuthandwa kakhulu phakathi izakhamuzi. Eqaphela ukuthi ukusabalala ezisunguliwe ezimangalisayo emhlabeni jikelele kungaletha inzuzo enkulu, wanquma ukukhuthaza cube-Rubik. Wabasaqalayo, ibhizinisi futhi inselele eyinhloko Lakzi Rubik kwakuwukuthola zimali. Kodwa sibonga ukwakheka komnotho wenarha yabo boke uTibor futhi umthambo wakhe wokuhweba umsebenzi ngokushesha bakhangwa umnikazi ngokuqinile Seven Amadolobha Ltd Tom Kremer. Wakha production ezinkulu nokusabalalisa kuka ukusiza cube zithandwe emhlabeni wonke.

"Algorithm kaNkulunkulu"

Kusukela ngo-1982, emazweni amaningi njalo elibamba imincintiswano lapho umsebenzi oyinhloko abahlanganyeli kuyinto inhlangano ngesivinini Cube le Rubik sika. Ukuze ukuxazulula puzzle ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka akwanele nje ukuba dexterity ezinhle lokucabanga nelokusungula. Umuntu kumelwe kwaziwe Rubik cube inhlangano uhlelo elilungile ngokuvumela ukuchitha isikhathi esincane esingaba umzamo kungenzeka. Inombolo ubuncane izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze uxazulule inkinga futhi kukhona "Algorithm kaNkulunkulu."

izingqondo Abaningi yesayensi nabalandeli wazama ukuthola isisombululo. Ngesinye isikhathi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi inani okungenani izinyathelo kunoma yisiphi isimo esingaba - 18, kodwa kamuva, lo mbono uye achithwa. In the search for ukulandelana elilungile liye wachitha eziningi zeminyaka, futhi kuphela ngo-2010, ososayensi bakwazi ukufunda indlela babuthane cube a Rubik sika e 20 uhamba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhundla kwaba puzzle phambi kwenhlangano. Okwamanje, kuyinto irekhodi ngokuphelele.

Ngubani ngokushesha - umshini noma umuntu?

Okwamanje, i-esheshayo abantu iyona umfundi American Colin Burns - wakwazi ukuxazulula impicabadala esikhathini esingaphansi 5.5 imizuzwana. Irobhothi ungunjiniyela waseBrithani wabuthela kusuka izingxenye umklami Lego Mindstorm EV3, babhekana nale nkinga ngoba 3.253 imizuzwana. indlela inebuhle hhayi kuphela ukuthi umsebenzi zonke izingxenye zawo ehlelekile ezingaphezu kuka nezenzo zomuntu. Ososayensi baye wamletha kakhulu ngendlela 4 izingalo ezikuvumela ukwenza yonke imisebenzi ezikhathini 2 ngokushesha.

Kanjani ukuze ufunde ukuqoqa ke

Akekho isikimu esezingeni cube the Rubik sika, okuvumela ukuba ufunde ngokushesha indlela yokuxazulula le puzzle yasekuqaleni. inhlangano izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene uvumele ngezindlela ezahlukene kuyiwe daba. Iyiphi ukukhetha, kuphuma kuwe. Yiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle amandla ama-Google, uzofunda indlela babuthane cube a Rubik sika e 20 uhamba, kodwa ukuthola izixazululo ezilula ngesikhathi esifushane ukuze ufunde. Into esemqoka ukuthi une ukuphikelela ngokwanele. Ayikho inqubo ngeke kusize ukuxazulula impicabadala ngaphandle kwezinkinga, uma ungeyena Uzimisele yini ukusebenzisa isikhathi sakho esiyigugu ekufundeni.

Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunikeza lolu ithoyizi akuyona zinkulu. Odokotela baye baphawula ukwanda kwenani leziguli e ezibhedlela zengqondo emva nesenzakalo Cube le Rubik sika. A ukuhlukumezeka baba ubuso njalo izimpawu, kamuva owabizwa ngokuthi "Rubik Syndrome." It kubonakala ngesimo abukhali ubuhlungu izihlakala.

umhlangano wesifunda

Kukhona izikimu eziningana evumela Wabasaqalayo ukufunda ngokushesha ngokwanele ukubeka cube a Rubik sika. Lesi sihloko kuhlanganisa omunye wabo:

1. Okokuqala udinga ukuqoqa esiphambanweni, imikhawulo okuye waqhubeka ubuso eduze. Ayikho jikelele indlela - konke iza umkhuba.
2. Okulandelayo, udinga ukuqedela zonke ohlangothini lapho ukuthi isiphambano eqoqwe behlangana izingxenye ibhande lakhe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhande ngayinye sasingaphansi ezinombala ofanayo.
3. Manje udinga ukuqoqa ibhande yesibili futhi bathuthele esesayidini cube.
4. Ukubeka ekupheleni kulolu hlangothi kanye ekuqaleni.
5. Qeda lonke uhlangothi.
6. Manje sibeka ukuze amakhona cube - do ukuze imibala ukufanisa imibala ezinhlangothini zazo, kuwo liphenduka.
7. It uhlala kuphela ukuze ujike kahle izingxenye kokuba izinhlangothi 2 kuphela. Cube ababebuthene.

Manje ungafunda indlela yokuxazulula omunye ethandwa kakhulu puzzle imidlalo emhlabeni. Lokhu kuzokusiza isikimu jikelele Cube le Rubik sika.