Isiko sidilizwa - Amagilebhisi: Tshala nezilokazane nezifo

Izinga eliphakeme kunawo kwamagilebhisi ingenye endala izithelo izitshalo. Its esekhulile futhi baqhubeke benza kuze kube manje emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele njalo. Amagilebhisi (isithombe ngezansi) kuhluke ezidlula amajikijolo kanye amagilebhisi, ukunambitheka, umbala, ngesikhathi yokuvuthwa kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Namuhla, kunamabandla 7,000 zalesi sitshalo. ISoviet Union yakuqala kukhona mayelana 2,000 izinhlobo, 2/3 zazo wendawo. Ngaphezu inombolo yasekhaya enkulu izinhlobo zisuka emazweni ezinjenge-Italy, eJalimane, eFrance. Hit izifo amagilebhisi kanye izinambuzane, kuye ngohlobo nendawo sokukhula.

Isifungo lamagilebhisi enempilo - kungcono ilungelo amasu ezolimo. Bush kumele eyakheke kahle, okwanele, wanisela, podkormlen ngesikhathi esifanele thinned nokunye. Lapho ekhetha isiko kuyinto efiselekayo makudle hhayi izinhlobonhlobo elidala zakudala, futhi ihlanganiswe esimeme. izifo amagilebhisi ezinjalo kanye izinambuzane hit kancane njalo. Kodwa uma isitshalo sakho abathintekile, ingasetshenziswa kokubili chemical nokuvikelwa begazi. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama: "Aktofit", "Gaupsin", "Lepidocide", "Trihodermin", eyabonakala ngempela ayakufanelekela. Vele uqaphele ukuthi lezi imithi kudingeka kanye ngesonto (nangemva yonke imvula) ukucubungula amagilebhisi. Izifo kanye izinambuzane kahle kakhulu iqedwe ngeshwa zinambuzane. Basebenzisa kokubili ukulwa nezifo ekhona kakade futhi nokuvikela. izindlela Chemical ihlukaniswa kuye into isicelo. Nesikhunta esetshenziswa ezifweni fungal. Ezifweni ezibangwa ama-bacterium - bactericides. Nge elwa izinambuzane zinambuzane, kanye nokulawula ukhula - yokubulala ukhula.

Izifo amagilebhisi nokwelashwa kwazo

Isikhutha - isifo fungal okungukuthi ezivamile ezindaweni lapho ezimanzi nehlobo elifudumele. Ezinhlamvu ze-ukhunta kuxazululwe on phansi amahlamvu ezingeni lokushisa + 11ºC ngisho uma kukhona amazolo ekuseni. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ehlathini ilahlekelwa sokuvuna, eshiya ukuwa akukho ibhukumaka isivuno esizayo. Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo kukhona izindawo yellow ohlangothini engenhla amaqabunga, futhi phezu underside we amahlamvu embozwe impuphu behlupheka. Ngokuba nokuvimbela isikhutha isitshalo kufanele kusetshenzwe Bordeaux 1% liquid (okuyi ephansi okuyingxenye amahlamvu). Amakhemikhali asetshenziswe "Acrobat", "Ridomil", "strobe", nabanye.

Powdery isikhutha (oidium) - isifo kuzibonakalisa a nesomiso kanye sultry. On amahlumela amasha, futhi amajikijolo angavuthiwe avele yokuqhuma ezimhlophe, amaqabunga ukoma up ngesikebhe, abhashe ewa. Ukuze ulwe nesifo esetshenziswa nesibabule colloidal , nezidakamizwa ezifana "itopazi," "Isivinini" futhi "strobe".

Phylloxera - okuvame kakhulu kanti kuyingozi inkathazo lamagilebhisi, okungase ukubulala wonke isitshalo. On ezivinini elikhulu lalabo nezihlahla ukuthi bamangala idatha inkathazo ngempela lisishulwe futhi zishiswe. New endaweni yabo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 akulona watshala. Phylloxera - encane aphid umbala ogqamile yellow, kancane ebonakalayo ngokubona okubonakala ngeso lenyama. Ngo amahlamvu elinegciwane akhiwa ohlangothini engezansi isimila (zokuzikhukhumeza), lapho izibungu inkathazo ukuthuthukisa. Ukuze ulwe esetshenziswa "hexachlorane" (2% isixazululo) "Malathion", "Kinmiks" kodwa imithi eminye esebenza ngempumelelo abekho. Futhi uma ubona izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, susa amahlamvu elinegciwane. Nakuba indlela engcono kakhulu namanje ukususwa lonke ehlathini.

Ezithinta yamagilebhisi izifo kanye izinambuzane ukuvikela kungcono kamuva ukubhekana nazo. Sebenzisa okuthiwa tank amamiksi - isixazululo ukusebenza izidakamizwa eziningana. Kunezindlela eziningi amatafula, okuyindawo uzofunda mayelana ukuhambisana izindlela baqashwe. Kube ingase ihlanganise izidakamizwa kusukela izinambuzane nezifo, Stimulators izithelo ukukhula, kanye fertilizer. Watch out for impilo engadini yakho iyonke, ngesikhathi esifanele zonke imisebenzi, futhi njalo ngonyaka bazohlangana isivuno esihle.