Violet ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa: incazelo ezihlukahlukene, izithombe, izici kulinywe

Saintpaulia, noma, njengoba kuvame ngokuthi, violets, - izitshalo hhayi kuphela ekhaya kodwa futhi for emahhovisi ezinkampani ehlukahlukene. Red violet terry ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa, a onsomi elula nge ophuzi glazochkami, emhlophe nge usebe nenhle okwesibhakabhaka, zibe bomvana ekukhanyeni, ehlukile izimbiza ezincane noma ibekwe phakathi ezinye izinhlobo izimbali - the ezihlukahlukene nzalo Afrika (uzambarskoy) senpolii kunikeza isikhala izixazululo.

Ideal for umklami amakamelo

Cishe zonke inkampani self-ukuhlonipha has a izitshalo yesimanje zasendlini. Floristry njengoba ingxenye design elingaphakathi samanje cishe isinqumo.

Abaklami Floral uthande ukuhlobisa Amahhovisi houseplants. Nzalo kukhona violets enhle kakhulu - a uyakufanelekela iphrojekthi ukukhishwa: eziqhakaza njalo, ukunakekelwa incane khona, futhi kuceceshwa kwabothishela obangela isitshalo - ke kuyashesha.

Phakathi zokudala ingaphakathi design izixazululo ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa umbala violet obomvu isetshenziswa kaningi: ezihlukahlukene yaziwa iminyaka engaphezu kuka eziyisishiyagalombili. Ekuqaleni ubukeka zobuchwepheshe isitayela, Baroque kanye nesiNgisi.

Ubumsulwa imigqa zakudala futhi pretentiousness Deco ukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu khona mutual ayegcwele (ezinhle newayini elibomvu) umthunzi hybrid senpolii ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Gold.

Kuphi futhi nini babe violets?

Phakathi izitshalo nakwezifudumele imibala eminingi ezithakazelisayo ezincane nezinkulu. Ukuziqhakambisa ikhophi ezithakazelisayo, ukuqoqa imbewu NIBABUYISELA ekhaya (kuleli cala, Germany) waba nenhlanhla ukuze uWalter von Saint-Paul, owakhonza 1882 e-Afrika. Uyise Ulrich von Saint Paul alunikeza Germanu Vendlandu, ezesayensi yezitshalo (akuzange kube nzima - the Baron kwaba umongameli German Dendrological Society). teitensis – Сенполия фиалкоцветковая (фиалкоцветная). Wendland liye landa lisuka kwabangu imbewu imbali, wazichaza (1893) kanye behlonipha ubaba nendodana walibiza Saintpaulia teitensis - Saintpaulia fialkotsvetkovaya (violales).

Industrial zizalela violets yathengwa ngu E. Benary, kodwa kuphela ngo-1927, waqala njengoba lwaya nale isitshalo potted e-United States. Ngu-1949, abalimi emhlabeni wonke waletha izinhlobo ayikhulu violets. Lesi sitshalo ivamile phakathi balimi abavamile futhi abalimi. Demand kuyinto ingashintshiwe, ikakhulukazi ngoba namuhla kukhona izinhlobonhlobo ezingaphezu kuka eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu. Violets abalimi Russian ukuthatha liyindawo efanelekayo phakathi ezihlukahlukene nzalo, e okukhulu funa terry obomvu violet umfuyi Elena Korshunova.

EC hybrid

Noma yimuphi inhlobo violets unegama yayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa isiqalo - ngakho-ke samukelwa ngesikhathi abalimi. EC - kukhona nzalo Elena Korshunova, umfuyi kusukela Togliatti. It ngokukhethekile ekulungiseleleni violets large- (elula terry). ngokushesha wakhe grade violets EC ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa balithanda Florists amateur abavela eRussia, CIS amazwe. Namuhla, kuyo eziningi sipho phesheya ukudayiswa lokhu brand.

Violet ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa: incazelo

Hybrid inika smooth kakhulu obukhulu rosette oluhlaza amaqabunga kukhona elikhulu (25-30 cm). Flowers - kwekulu (nje omkhulu --8 cm) phakathi krasnotsvetkovyh. Kuye ukukhanya violet ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa (isithombe kuqinisekisa lokhu) ke kungenziwa zaveza ngetindlela letehlukene: kusukela njengegazi egqamile Ruby (iwayini elibomvu). It blooms ngokuqhubekayo (lesi sici grade): athoma ukuvela ezintathu peduncle ongaphakeme, ngamunye eyodwa noma ezimbili flower efihlekile zembuliwe, futhi ezintathu ezilandelayo zikhuluma peduncle esakhula. Hat, omunye saintpaulia double, violet ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa (isithombe kukuveza obala loku) ingeyona, kodwa lokhu omningi imibala ngokwanele ukuze ujabulele simila. izimbali ngasinye okwalandela unika okufanayo Ubukhulu amacembe - futhi isici walesigaba.

Ibanga ngokwazisa aphendule kokukhulelwa nokuhlonipha ukukhanya kanye nomswakama izimo.

On iseluleko balimi, kusukela violets ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa kangcono ngesikhathi esifanele ukususa irowu phansi rosettes amahlamvu.

Kuyini ezemidlalo ngesikhathi violets?

- спорт от основного гибрида Бой быков. Violet ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Gold - ezemidlalo kusukela main hybrid ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa.

Ukuze izinhlobo ezintsha izingane fancy elilandelayo izizukulwane musa njalo adlulisele izici zako ezisemqoka uma usebenza kuma-hybrid. Lezi zingane azizona ngokuthi ezemidlalo. Ngezinye izikhathi ayakufanelekela kakhulu, isekelwe la izinhlobo ezintsha etholakala.

Violet ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Igolide ancibilikisa izimbali ezinkulu semi kabili peduncles eqinile. isokhethi variegated ku phezulu ezinemibala egqamile kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu ubukeka umxhwele kakhulu izimbali irubi-bomvu. Compactness, sifanamsindvo castle kanye umthunzi olujulile - le nhlanganisela izici akuyona njalo kungenzeka ukuba sifinyelele violets olubucayi.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha Saintpaulia

Ukuze ezihlukahlukene amangalelwe kudingeka zazi ukuthi zingakhetha wokuba ande, njengoba ukubeka violet lokunakekelwa ukuthi iqhakazile njalo.

Thola inzalo ka violets ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa ngezindlela ezintathu: by ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele inkampani ezithengisa ukutshalwa amaqabunga, imbewu. Okokuqala okubili - ayatholakala kunoma sezimbali, futhi eyesithathu kukhona abalimi.

1. Ukuze izitshalo ezintsha okudingeka ukuba kumile kwezisekelo phezu endodaneni violet. Kanjani? Ibanga violets ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa eba njalo ingane enethiwekhi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuphoqa ukuba adedele uyingane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yena phusha out iphuzu ezikhulayo. Violet iqala ukwakha amaphuzu entsha ukukhula - lena esitolo esidayisa esizayo. Lapho ubukhulu 2-3 cm, bafa kuzo ngobunono violet utshaleke ukulungele ingxube ezimanzi ebhodweni. Kuvaliwe upulasitiki ukulondoloza nomswakama njalo. Ngemva kwamasonto 2-3, izisekelo uyonika izimpande, ubufakazi lokhu - ukukhula rosettes amahlamvu. Iphakheji kungaba zisuswe.
2. Indlela ezingabizi kakhulu nzalo ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi kanye ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Gold - leaf cuttings. Ngo eqinile leaf omdala sitshalo ukusika lomzila wesibili ne-stem yokuxhuma. Khona-ke kumelwe uthathe mncane (disinfected) ikhaba at ibanga 2-3 cm kusukela base ishidi. Beka iqabunga ibhalwe ezithambile (iyatholakala distilled) afudumele ukuze base ahlabayo hhayi waphumula phansi isitsha. нескольких сортов можно поместить таблички под дно тарелки. abalimi British belulekwa ukuba ubeke amahlamvu onqenqemeni plate: bakhululekile, futhi esimweni izinhlobo eziningana zingafakwa ngaphansi phansi ipuleti isidlo. I izitsha esobala futhi emathileyi kungabonwa lapho uzobe koreshochki. Linda kuze kube yilapho ziba omkhulu, hhayi ngempela: i-kucedvwa ozilindele ubude babo nengxenye kuya ngamasentimitha amabili. Ukwabelana ngokucophelela bangcwabe enhlabathini okuxekethile (noma sphagnum moss), amasonto amathathu kuyoba amahlamvu oluhlaza - esitolo esikhathini esizayo. Lapho zikhula ukuze ngamasentimitha amabili, ishidi umzali kungenziwa ukusika (isigamu sokuqala, bese emva kwezinsuku eziningana izinsalela). Uma izinga lokushisa Igumbi liphansi (ngezansi 20-22 degrees), kucedvwa kwenkhohlakalo akakwazi zenzeka. почвенную смесь , а ночной воздух охлаждает. Ngesizathu esifanayo awukwazi ukubeka ebhodweni nge isibambo ku sill iwindi: usuku lapha ukuze ngqo kwelanga esishisa bhé inhlabathi ingxube, futhi emoyeni ebusuku epholisa.

Violets: nozonakekela

Ukuze ukuqhakaza Saintpaulia ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa (lokhu kusebenza futhi ezihlukahlukene ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Gold) kuyinto njalo, izitshalo nge ukuthengwa akufanele zidluliselwa ku amabhodwe ezinkulu, nakuba ububanzi we esidayisa kungenzeka ibe inkulu imbiza osayizi. Ebhodweni elikhulu ngeke ngenkuthalo sikhule uhlelo impande, futhi violets eziqhakaza ngeke ufune.

Umhlabathi lezi nzalo phakathi kwezitho (noma cuttings) ingalungiswa kusuka izingxenye ezihlukahlukene: Peat, softwood emhlabeni, wapheka kanye Ishidi isilinganiso 1: 1: 2: 3. Kulula namanje ukusebenzisa umhlabathi ukuxubana esikhethekile violets kusuka esitolo.

Ukubeka amabhodwe of violets izinhlobo collectible nokulwa nokulwa futhi Igolide akudingeki ifasitela Sills: violets ungathandi elangeni. Ungakwazi wawabeka phezu eshalofini, uyibeka eduze nefasitela. Ukuze lezi izinhlobo iqhakazile njalo, kubalulekile ukuba abenzele emahoreni imini amahora 12-14. Ngo ekwindla nasebusika lokhu ibangelwa okukhanyisa ngezibani Fluorescent nge kukhanya ophuzi.

Ngu ukuchelela ezihlukahlukene violets kufanele baphathwe ngokungenzeleli esiqinile: kuphela uma bome Igumbi zobumba, ungakwazi nisela izitshalo, bese kuphela emaphethelweni ebhodweni. Xhumana ne umswakama phezu amaqabunga violets ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Igolide zingashintsha ngisho umbala ukuthi engathandeki kakhulu yokuveza variegated. Amanzi abandayo ikhuthaza impande ukubola, ngakho izinga lokushisa yayo uma ukuchelela kumele kube degrees ezimbili noma ezintathu ezingenhla kuma.

abatshali abanolwazi belulekwa ukondla iqhakaza Saintpaulia ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa Gold futhi okungenani kanye njalo emavikini amabili ngokuthenga yokudla ethize esitolo.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa: kanjani ukuba uthole izinhlobo ezintsha

Ukuze uthole umbala omusha kusuka violets, tinhlobo letinsha izimbali kudingeka ube nesineke futhi peruse iseluleko abalimi.

Okokuqala sidinga ukuba baqonde indlela esandisa imbewu Saintpaulia, zama sikhule izitshalo ezintsha, ngesikhathi ukuqoqa lezi "Ucezwana ngothuli" amancane ne violets umzali. Futhi kuphela emva kwakunezigqiki ezithambile yokuqhuma ezincane (ngeke lube ngaphambi kwezinyanga 9-10) Kungenzeka axakwe hybridization.

izitshalo ezimbili ezidingekayo kulo ukuze likhiqize izinhlobo ezintsha benesidingo ukususa impova (ubaba ke) futhi adluliselwe ku-pistil lomunye (umzali ke sika). Ngakho-ke etholwe grade ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi yonke into ilula, kodwa kumele kwenziwe jewelry ngesikhathi lapho uyise wayengumGreki ezivuthiwe izitshalo impova lapho umzali usulungile (lokhu kufakazelwa droplet kuya pistil). Yebo, kudingeka ukususa stamens kusukela umzali ngokwalo impova. Futhi uma ngesikhathi, lezi zinqubo azifani, kuyobe sekwenzekani? Kumelwe sifunde ukusebenzisa ukugcina impova, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi akulula.

Khona-ke ngemva impova yazo ithuthwe ngempumelelo kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze imbewu sesivuthiwe (izinyanga ezinhlanu, uma inqubo ithoma entwasahlobo, futhi kufika ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye uma isiphambeko). Imbali spike, okwenzeka impova, kuqala anda ubukhulu ke kancane ezisontekile ke iqala ukuze ome out. A Ibhokisi imbewu kumelwe kususwe ukuze ome, bese kamuva ukuvula. Ukulinda izinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu, futhi kuphela ke ukutshala imbewu, bechitha kubo ku enhlabathini ukuxubana, esehlanganise it nge ingilazi noma iphakeji, okungukuthi, ukudala imodi abamba ukushisa.

Amathiphu mfunda-makhwelo umfuyi violets

Nobuhle ukuqhakaza nzalo violets ukulwa kwezinkunzi okubukelwa, umbala wabo okukhulu, kalula esiphelweni by cuttings ngokuvamile kubangele ongenalwazi umtshali isifiso esibukhali sokufaka isandla ukudala ezihlukahlukene entsha. Kodwa akulona amanga kangaka elabo ubunzima lo msebenzi, njengoba ukuntuleka systematization amakhono, okusho wamaphepha. Ngakho-ke, it is kulula namanje wahlanganyela zizalela izinhlobonhlobo ihlolwe, ungazama ngisho ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele umoba (ngenye indlela ukuveza senpoliy) - kungcono kuka ukuthola hybrid entsha, bengazi ukuthi izimfanelo ubenawo. Kungazelelwe kwaba khona kokuzalela okungahleliwe nesitshalo ngeke ukwazi ukuba adlulisele izinga oyifunayo? Futhi uma njengenkulumo izici ephezulu kanye esikhubazayo? Pho-ke, ukwenza kanye isitshalo? It - ezihlukahlukene entsha noma cha?

Kuphela ikhono self-ukuhlela iyoba umfuyi kweqiniso hhayi nje umtshali amateur.