Isakhiwo womuntu. Ithumbu kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo

On the izifundo abafundi anatomy ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe isakhiwo emathunjini womuntu ezithombeni. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba lokhu umzimba akuyona kuphela isixhumanisi zokugcina wokugaya ukudla, ukuqinisekisa ukuhoxiswa ukudla, kodwa futhi wenza eziningi imisebenzi ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu. Isibonelo, aphakele izakhamzimba kubalulekile, ihlinzeka immunoglobulin womuntu. Inani nobude emathunjini cishe 7-8 m. Lo sayizi akuyona umzimba ngokumangalisayo abantu, ezazini eziye zahlola ngokuhlanganyela isakhiwo lomuntu. Ithumbu kuhlukaniswe elehlukile, abe ekhethekile (siqala ngendlela efanayo) lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti.

emathunjini amancane

Ngokuqondile esiswini okuthiwa emathunjini amancane. ubude bayo ingqikithi 4-5 m, kodwa ufakwa izihibe esiswini. Ithumbu elincane luhlukaniswe duodenum, a longitudinal futhi jejunum. Ekuqaleni emathunjini amancane cishe 3-4 cm ububanzi, futhi ekugcineni -. 2-2.5 cm Duodenum iqukethe ukuvuleka ekhethekile - Izitolo ukuze Amapayipi we gallbladder nesibindi. Nature waqikelela ukuthi kuyenzeka lokho kwaba isakhiwo efanele umuntu. Amathumbu ngaleyo ndlela kalula sokudiliza carbohydrate, amafutha namaprotheni. Emini, umzimba womuntu ukhiqiza cishe 3 amalitha ane-alikhali juice wokugaya ukudla, osiza ukugaya ukudla. Isakhiwo emathunjini womuntu kusikisela a villi eyinqaba emathunjini amancane. Bona aqukethe lymph negazi izitsha ezincane, okuyinto esikuthola amaminerali, amavithamini kanye nezinye izinto ezidingekayo.

kugxilwe ikakhulukazi kudingeka kwenziwe umsebenzi zokuzivikela emathunjini amancane. Kepha-ke hhayi kuphela ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba, kodwa futhi ukuvikelwa ubuthi womuntu. Into wukuthi odongeni wamathumbu iqukethe lymph node ukuthi iwukudambisa ezinobuthi.

Ithumbu elikhulu

Isiphetho undigested ukudla usiza ukukunika isakhiwo ephelele yomuntu. Ithumbu kunendima eyinhloko kule nqubo. UMnyango uphathise lo umsebenzi obalulekile, ngokuthi obukhulu. Uphinde ezingxenyeni ezintathu: izimpumputhe, ikholoni kanye ingemuva. Ubude yabo ingqikithi 1.5 m. Kwihendisethi lokuqala siyaqhubeka emathunjini amancane, kodwa ibekwe phakathi ichopho okuyinto evimbela ukubuyela emuva ukudla. Ubude ingqikithi the cecum - 8 cm. Uqukethe elincane kakhulu (0.5 cm) inqubo okuthiwa isithasiselo saleli Bhayibheli. Ngo izindonga zawo kukhona inqwaba lymph node, futhi nguye isithiyo zemvelo imithi elwa nawo. Esithasiselweni wande amagciwane coliform - ebalulekile izivikeli mzimba. Uma ususa inqubo i- isakhiwo womuntu, amathumbu ngaleyo ndlela iyeke ukuvikela ngokuphelele emzimbeni. Kungaba khona izinkinga isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.

Direct futhi usebe amathumbu

Ithumbu amathumbu yakhiwa usebe lapho akhiwa kuso. Ngokungafani mncane, ke ayiqukethe Lint. It has isikhwehlela ngaphezulu, esiza sezinyawo lula ukuhambisa emnyangweni elilandelayo - ingemuva. Le sayithi ayiqondile ngempela, ngoba iqukethe ingxenye enwetshiwe ngokuthi ampoule. Iphela ndima emathunjini we ingemuva e umsele bendunu. Sezinyawo imvamisa kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi, kodwa esimweni esejwayelekile kuba isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini 2-3, noma nsuku zonke.