Inqubomgomo ngenduku enkulu, noma "big stick" inqubomgomo. Kuyini lokhu?

Uma uTeodor Ruzvelt esashiwo ibinzana: inqubomgomo induku Big. Ilihumusha ngokoqobo ngokuthi "inqubomgomo ngenduku enkulu". Inkulumo usuphenduke into efanayo. Kuyinto ngokucacile kakhulu futhi sichazwe ngokucacile ukuziphatha States maqondana omakhelwane babo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ake sibone ukuthi yini wanika "inqubomgomo enkulu namathela 'izizwe Latin American, futhi wonke amanye amalungu omphakathi ngamazwe.

definition

Ukumba lwemibhalo zezombusazwe, thola incazelo emfushane umlando ubuso bethu. United States ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka eledlule, umgomo ukufeza bokuphakama Imininingwane e libonakale eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe. Ngenxa yalesi futhi kwakudingeka theory of the club enkulu. inqubomgomo US lalithé. Lapho ubudlelwano ekwakheni nabo ngawo ngokusobala izingxoxo ezivamile angomakhelwane, ohambisana nabo izinsongo ngokuphelele. Okusho ukuthi, uma ezinye izifunda bengazimisele ukulalela, khona-ke kungase kudingeke ukuba nomuntu kokungenela evulekile. Ukuvulwa kwe-osomaqhinga American akazange ukusongela umuntu. Kodwa ku "inqubomgomo enkulu induku" lase likhona ukubhala US ilungelo ubudlova kwezinye izimo wazifihla njengendlela isiqinisekiso omakhelwane ukuba sizosiza ezimweni ezibucayi. Roosevelt ezihlongozwayo le imfundiso ngo-1901. Enkulumweni yakhe waqalisela saga, "Khuluma kancane, kodwa qhubeka ezandleni ngenduku enkulu, futhi uzoya kude." Lokhu kuhlakanipha West Afrika futhi awunika igama lokuthi inqubomgomo US isikhathi. Yasetshenziselwa njengoba sinjalo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunwebeka emazweni buthaka, ngakolunye - ukuvikela izimakethe ezivela kozakwethu zaseYurophu.

Big induku US isizinda kwezomnotho

Ngu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, States babé amandla ezinkulu kwezezimboni nakwezolimo. Corporations kwaqala ukuntuleka kuleli zwe. Ukuze ukuthuthukisa futhi andise inzuzo ababekudinga ukunwetshwa kwangaphandle. Eduze kukhona amazwe ezingeke ancintisane IMelika yizinkomba zezomnotho. Ukuze sithole izimpendulo, okusho ngenduku enkulu, udinga indlela zokuhlola. INkosikazi kwezilwandle Khona-ke, e-United Kingdom. Kuze kube sekupheleni yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye , wona lo mbuso ngaphambi wonke umuntu, futhi ngokuya kwezomnotho. States ngokuphuthumayo balwa British ngethonya. Futhi ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 zathola imiphumela ethile. Baye yingcweti insimu yabo futhi lalidinga imali entsha. US ukusungulwa zezombusazwe wanquma ukuba afeze ekuthatheni wamakoloni Latin America. Iphuzu laliwukuthi ukuba anqobe isimo, hhayi bangazihluphi kubo. Le ndlela kamuva wabizwa ngokuthi i-neo-wamakoloni. US esiphethwe amazwe okungekuhle for isivumelwano yokugcina, empeleni okuwenza aqondane esimweni okhonzile. Omunye kungaba ucaphune isibonelo eDominican Republic. Ngo-1904-ke u izinkontileka, ukubeka izwe ngaphansi kokulawula United States ngokuya kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe.

imibono Development kanye nomklamo

Amazwe ukuthi wazama ukumelana, elindele ukungenela ingxenye States. Umqondo "Ukuvikelwa" yezwe elizungezile ethuthuka isikhathi esithile. Kwakudingekile ukufakazela ukuphakama US phezu kwamanye amazwe futhi ilungelo labo bahlanganyele ezinkingeni zabanye. Ngo izinkulumo zabo Roosevelt njalo zavela, uyini "inqubomgomo ngenduku enkulu" (1904-1905 GG.). amazwe aseLatin America ngalesisikhathi besebugqilini bezinhlangano European. Ukunqaba ukukhokhela kungaholela ukufika lempi kwezilwandle ensimini okweletayo. Lokhu abamisa States. Roosevelt kwaba Paradigm ukuthi kumelwe angene kunoma yiliphi izwe ukuvimbela bamba yayo by baseYurophu. Latin America kwathiwa sphere izintshisekelo US. Futhi akekho kule nsimu, wawungeke ukuqala. Lokho I- umphakathi wezwe lonke ukuthi kuphekwe incazelo ngokuphelele ezanele, ukuthi inqubomgomo enjalo induku enkulu. Ukunqunywa ngomphumela zonke wabe isimiso sokugcina ezazizozuzisa yena. Mayelana amazwe aseLatin America nabantu babo, akekho owacabanga.

ukusebenza nokusebenzisa

Kuvikeleke izidingo zabo States wawunganikezwanga izitatimende declarative. ezimbalwa ukungenelela ziye zaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-umkhuba. Ngakho, ngo-1903-United States waya Panama. Nokho, ngisho nangaleso sikhathi isimo esinjalo wayengekho. Ngaphansi kobuholi US abeluleki wayevuse ukuhlubuka e-Colombia. Ngaphansi kwebhaxa ukusiza amasosha US oyifakile. Ngenxa yalokho, njengengxenye yensimu waqunywa wasuka Columbia, futhi isimo esisha - Panama. Futhi iningi ngaleso sikhathi lwefa engcono kwezomnotho kwaba ncamashi azishiyele yayo (umsele eponymous). Ngo-1904, e-US kusungulwa protectorate kwetembusave Dominican Republic. Futhi ngo-1906 ehlasela eCuba "razrulit" zinqobe Kuvezwe khona. Eqinisweni, kokungenela inzuzo US corporations. Basebenzisa ibutho lempi axoshwe ezindaweni ehlasela encintisana zaseYurophu.

dollar Ukuhileleka

Ingcindezi amandla ayikwazanga ungunaphakade. Ngo-1910, ngenduku enkulu ingezwe ku-dollar. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana ukunwetshwa kwezomnotho emkhathini emazweni angomakhelwane kubhekwe ifaneleka kakhulu ngenxa ivumelana nezimo. Izwe liye subordinated ngu ekuthumbeni izinsiza zabo zomnotho, eyenziwa ngokufanele. Corporation wathenga amafa ethembisa, ngaphansi kwesivikelo amakilabhu kakhulu efanayo. Ngale ndlela, kuba kuqinisekiswa hegemony US emazweni aseMelika. Ibhaxa ingcindezi omakhelwane wakhuthaza ebavikela sonya kwamanye amazwe noma amazwekazi ukuvikela izithakazelo izakhamuzi American. Uyahluleka uma elwa nokuphuza iphutha batons omkhulu futhi kamuva. Ngokwesibonelo, kokungenela ahlomile encane esiqhingini Grenada. Nalapho futhi, amasosha yalwela "amalungelo abantu baseMelika."

isiphetho

Umqondo womuntu oyedwa ngenduku enkulu e ngandlela-thile kubonakala e-US inqubomgomo angaphandle kuze kube namuhla. Kodwa wenza manje hegemon ohlabayo okuningi. I-US wezempi uzama uvikelekile lesinqumo le-UN ukuba bahlasele. A kuya ukukhiqizwa yayo ehilela ezinye izindlela zezombusazwe zalo uhulumeni ingcindezi kwamandla engadingeki.