Pompidu Zhorzh: emfushane biography, izithombe, izingcaphuno

Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka, ababusi kwaqashwa French futhi izibalo zezombusazwe abavelele. Kwenzeka isimanga ukuthi kweqoqo indoda engcono okuthiwa Pompidu Zhorzh, ngubani waba nethonya sasivumela abalulekile ku ukuvela France njengoba omunye uthi amakhulu eYurophu futhi, futhi kuye kwaba neqhaza nasekuqiniseni igunya layo enkundleni ngamazwe. isiphetho nezenzo zakhe, kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni sethu.

mlando Key: lokuzalwa, abazali, imfundo

Pompidu Zhorzh ozalwa ngoJulayi 5, 1911 edorobheni elibizwa bona Montboudif, etholakala eMnyangweni Cantal. Uyise nonina babethatha nje uthisha, ngakho asikwazi ukuthi owayezoba umongameli ezweni French engimangalela imisuka zasebukhosini.

Ngo-1931, le nsizwa iba umfundi ecole normale Supérieure, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ubelokhu ukuqeqesha ngesikhathi izifundo wokulungiselela avulekele ngesikhathi Lyceum uLouis Elikhulu. Qaphela ukuthi kwahamba naye, uLeopold Senghor, kamuva owaba inhloko Senegal. Bobabili abafundi babe abangane.

Ngo-1934, Pompidou osesikhundleni yokuqala emncintiswaneni zezikhonzi philological futhi baqala ukufundisa. Ekuqaleni, wayehlale enza e Marseille, futhi kamuva - Paris. By the way, onguchwepheshe abasha bathola ama-diploma ezimbili - the ecole normale Superieure kanye Mahhala School of Political Sciences.

ukuphila Siqu

Ushadile Pompidu Zhorzh Kwakuwusuku Okthoba 29, 1935. ekukhetheni kwaKhe kwaba Klod Kaur. Ngeshwa, lo mbhangqwana nabantwana babo abuzange. Futhi ngakho ngo-1942, lo mbhangqwana bamukela umfana egqoke igama Allen sika. Indodana yabo yokutholwa, namuhla uMongameli we-European Patent Committee. Umndeni yayingeve inobungane futhi ungalokothi isikhathi eside, amalungu aso bodwa kungukuthi ahlukaniswe. Ngokuphathelene izithakazelo ezimbalwa ezihloniphekayo, zingabantu ngisho nangaphambi kokugqashuka kwempi ne eJalimane bakwazi ukuqoqa iqoqo enkulu ngokwanele kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yobuciko.

Imisebenzi ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili

Phakathi nale nkathi, George waphoqeleka ukuba ziphazamise umsebenzi wakhe wokufundisa futhi waya sebuthweni. Wayelethwa ngasebenza kwabosizo lokuqala 141st Alpine elihamba ibutho. Kuze mzuzu kokunqotshwa France (ngo-1940), uhlelo Pompidou kwaba webutho lezempi, futhi kamuva waba ilungu Ukumelana Movement.

Ukuqala umsebenzi wakhe zezombusazwe

Ngemva kwempi, Pompidu Zhorzh ngo-1945 waba ilungu Yesikhashana Uhulumeni, elibamba isikhundla umsizi semfundo. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi iqala ubudlelwano bayo obuseduze uMongameli yomfowabo kaCharles de Gaulle. Ngemva kwesikhashana, hero yethu ihamba uMkhandlu Wombuso, futhi kamuva - eKomidini ukuvakasha. Empeleni, uhulumeni Georges wabonakala ngenxa yokujwayelana yayo nge Economist ovelele Gaston Palevsky. Ngokuphathelene nobuhlobo bobulili no-de Gaulle, bese Pompidou ngokushesha wenza abangane naye, kodwa ubuhlobo babo obufudumele yaphela fashion okukhulu, kodwa ukukhuluma ngakho kamuva.

Jikelele umeluleki

Ngo-1953, de Gaulle kwaba Ngenxa yokuphelelwa umsebenzi, akabonanga ikusasa iqembu lakhe. Ndawonye kanye naye kwezepolitiki iqedwe okwesikhashana kanye Pompidou, okuyinto yena, waba umqondisi wezimali yasebhange eyaziwa - Rothschild.

Ngo-1958, i-jikelele ahlaza babuyela amandla, futhi-ke - kanye Zhorzh Pompidu, owaqeda sibonga ukusekelwa umngane wakhe njengoba umqondisi iKhabhinethi. George wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kumiswa uhulumeni. Esikhathini kusuka 1959 kuya 1962 waphinde kwaba ahileleke ibhizinisi Rothschild, kodwa parallel nalokhu umsebenzi ihlangabezana owawusanda kumiswa Council yoMthethosisekelo. Pompidou wayebuye ukuhileleka for ukulungiswa izivumelwano Evian ukuthi baqinise isimo Algeria ezizimele (1962).

Hlala sokuba undunankulu

Lesi sikhundla Zhorzh Pompidu, isithombe inikeziwe kulesi sihloko zithathwa ngo-1962. By the way, ngesikhundla sikaNdunankulu engumFulentshi yadonsa iminyaka eyisithupha (April 1962 - Julayi 1968), futhi manje ukuthi irekhodi yezwe. Angaphezu kuka kuye isikhathi eside kangaka endaweni ikhanda esihlalweni uhulumeni njengoba okwamanje wahlala akekho. Phakathi umsebenzi wakhe salandelwa iKhabhinethi izikhonzi ezinhlanu.

Georges ukwamukelwa kokuthunyelwe wathi akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa ngokuntula kwakhe igunya lezombangazwe (ayikwazi ngokuthi i owaziwayo kwinqubomgomo), noma yokuthi wayengalokothi isekela (nale mfuneko saphela efanele nje ngenxa Gaullist umthethosisekelo). Pompidou isimemezelo zikahulumeni sivunyiwe by 259 amasekela. Kodwa ngo-October 5, 1962 Assembly yamemezela akukho-ukuzethemba ukuvota iKhabhinethi. inhloko yezwe de Gaulle bazabela, esebenzisa ilungelo lakhe ukuncibilikisa ephalamende, ngenxa okuyinto UGeorge wayeneminyaka oshayelayo leKhabhinethi.

Kwakukhona futhi aphethwe inhlolovo ngokuphathelene izinguquko kumthethosisekelo, okwathi ngemva kwalokho Gaullists sakwazi ukuwina ukhetho ePhalamende. Akubuzwa, lesi simo sekubangele ukuqina izikhundla Pompidou.

Kodwa ethimbeni maphakathi nawo-60 Georges elindelwe Isivivinyo ezitelekeni lasemayini omkhulu ', izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali okwandisa kanye nokuqiniswa betembusave. Ngo-1967, inhlangano de Gaulle BakaJehova bangayisebenzisa kancane kuphela ukuhambahamba amakhetho izimbangi zayo.

Ukuxabana de Gaulle

Zhorzh Pompidu, Biography okuzokwenza kube mnandi ukufunda zonke abantu abafundile, sekuwumkhuba sibalo ethandwa ngo-1968. Lokhu ukukhula ngokuthandwa phakathi kwabantu nomthelela umsebenzi inqubomgomo isiFulentshi, okuyinto phakathi izibhelu futhi iziteleka olwalungaqeda umlilo yokuhlubuka phakathi ulimi edlubulundayo yezingxoxo zezombusazwe. Him njengoba owayenguthisha kalula ukwazi ukuxoxisana nezihlubuki, ukubamba kokuthintana nabo. Kwavezwa ukuthi Pompidou, de Gaulle ongakawabelani unesizungu zonke referendums amise ukhetho unscheduled ePhalamende. Ngalesi inkambo isiteleka jikelele sanqamuka. izivumelwano Grenelle ziphela.

Nokho, lo msebenzi kwaholela ekupheleni ubuhlobo obuhle de Gaulle. Futhi ngisho ukunqoba okhethweni kuya Gaullist party ephalamende (ngo-1968) akuthathwa njengephutha ukunqoba jikelele, futhi njengoba ithemba Pompidou kubantu abavamile. Ekugcineni George waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye iposi lakhe nilinike uyeke Murville.

Ngo-January 1969, ephendula imibuzo kusuka izintatheli eRoma, Pompidou uye waveza ukuthi wayeyoba ugijime kwesobumengameli. Ukuze ithimba de Gaulle ngokushesha Ngaqala ukubheka wangaphambili sizana udoti. Konke lokhu ekugcineni kwaholela ngayo ekusakazekeni kwezindaba amahemuhemu nokuthuka ukuthi abeya Mabatuse igama lakho elikhazimulayo ngumkayo Pompidou. Akubuzwa, ukuthi umphumela walokhu kwaba azihlukanisa unomphela ubuhlobo kanye-friendly osopolitiki ababili abavelele French.

Umsebenzi ehhovisi

April 28, 1969, de Gaulle waphoqeleka ukuba asule esikhundleni sakhe, okuvumela French ukuqala round esisha nomlando wayo.

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ngakusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukuba lokhu futhi Pompidu Zhorzh. Biography emfushane ke kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi wayengumuntu omunye izintandokazi ukuze ngokhetho.

Ngo emzuliswaneni wokuqala ukuvota, wakwazi ukundlula esincintisana zako ezisemqoka, kodwa amavoti etholakalayo kwakunganele ukuzizuzela ekunqobeni kokugcina.

Umjikelezo wesibili wakhe wawenziwa ngo-June 15 kanye Pompidou kukora 58.2% wamavoti. Kwaba ukunqoba! Ngemva kwezinsuku ezine, uMkhandlu yoMthethosisekelo uzwakalise umongameli wezwe omusha Georges. Juni 20, wathatha imithwalo yakhe.

Umsebenzi kokuthunyelwe eyinhloko isimo ukuze Pompidou saqala ukwehla sasivumela enkulu franc, owawungumnyaka 12%. Kodwa ikhono lokwenza kungaba nokunciphisa imiphumela kwalo mcimbi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi phakathi nokubusa George lizwe laqala emikhulu kwezimboni kanye nezinto zokugibela ukuthuthukiswa. Yilapho-ke ngenkuthalo eyakhelwe emikhulu, ezishintshayo anda futhi imishini ye imisebenzi yezolimo.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi Zhorzh Pompidu, ogama izinqubomgomo nomthelela France ukususwa ezingeni elisha, alalelwa uhlelo yenuzi. Nokho, wayekholelwa ukuthi i-athomu kumele isetshenziswe kuphela izinjongo zokuthula, hhayi isici lempi. Isevisi ekhethekile yasungulwa ngo-March 1973, has ukulawula amandla enuzi.

Ate ukukhuluma mayelana nomgomo wezangaphandle Pompidou, yena inesifiso ukuzimela republic sika enkambweni jikelele NATO ne-United States. UMongameli ukholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba aqinise ubuhlobo phakathi Europe. Wayesondelene nombimbi neqembu Union neChina. Ngokuvamile, le ntandokazi French okuxhumana lolungakahleleki nezinhloko kwamanye amazwe, ebamema ukuba zizingela ndawonye noma kwasemini kanye nemihlangano "ngaphandle izibopho."

Ukuphela ukuphila

Pompidu Zhorzh (lesisho naye baya kubantu futhi abaningi babo bangabantu lisasebenza namuhla), washona ngo-Ephreli 2, 1974 ngenxa yegazi elinobuthi. Nokho, ukungenwa amagciwane egazini singene ngenxa buthakathaka amasosha omzimba, ngoba phezu kule minyaka embalwa edlule, inhloko Omhlangano Omkhulu Wesihlanu Republic kwaba Oncology iyagula.

amazwi akhe abangu: "Umuzi liyadingeka ukuthatha imoto," "The French kanye French! De Gaulle wafa, France engumfelokazi! "