Inhloko-dolobha ye Dagestan: izikhangibavakashi, amathempeli, izinkundla zemidlalo Makhachkala. Likuphi emzini Makhachkala kumephu Russia?

Dagestan, e Turkic - "ezweni ezintabeni", kuyinto republic ezizimele yeRussia. Inhloko-dolobha yaso, Makhachkala, kubhekwe hhayi kuphela omunye wemizi emikhulu kakhulu North eCaucasus, kodwa futhi amahle kakhulu. Amapaki, yeshashalazi, izikwele eziningi ezinomthunzi izikhumbuzo evikelwe ngokucophelela - konke lokhu kwenza idolobha umbala ekhethekile. A ngezandla ezifudumele abayeni bendawo ukunikeza izivakashi ngokuqinisekile uthanda futhi ukuza kulo ekhoneni enhle Zomhlaba.

Umlando we edolobheni

Endaweni lapho iyinhloko-dolobha samanje Dagestan, Makhachkala, ezikhathini zasendulo, ngoba kwakha umzila obalulekile wezohwebo kusukela iVolga esifundeni yasePheresiya. Ekhulwini VII kwakukhona umuzi omangalisayo Samandar, iyinhloko-dolobha ye-Khazars. "Ngo-yokuziphindiselela" cishe kwakuyihora Oleg Lesiprofetho, kodwa ngabona ukuthi umzala wakhe okude, Prince Svyatoslav. Ngo 966, yabulala ngokuphelele edolobheni. Ngo-1722-m, ngesikhathi umkhankaso wakhe wokulwa nePheresiya, mayelana nale ndawo, eduze nedolobha Tarki, kodwa eduze kolwandle, uPetru ngahlukana ekamu yabo. Ngo-1844 lapha kwakhiwa uthango lempi. Sibize kuye uPeter Omkhulu kumemori kombusi omkhulu. indawo Kalula sakubona kukuhle ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo-othuthukayo, kukhungathekise. Kakade-amamitha 1857, yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi idolobha Petrovsky. ukukhiqizwa yayo zandiswa sabantu yavuleka. Ngo-1870 sakha port lapha ngo-1876 - i-lapho kudayiswa khona utshwala, 1878 m - ukuyiprinta cindezela, futhi 1894th waqala ukwenza ojantshi besitimela ukuba eVladikavkaz kanye Baku. Ngo-1918, unyaka Petrovsk uqambe kabusha Shamil Kala, befuna abhebhezela inkumbulo iqhawe lesizwe Imam Shamil. Kusukela ngo-1921, leli dolobha okuthiwa emva kwamaBolshevik Magomed-Ali Dahadaeva, okuyinto edume ngokuthi Mahach.

Likuphi Makhachkala kumephu Russia

Makhachkala itholakala endaweni okuthiwa Anji-Kala, ukuthi kumykskogo elihunyushwe ngokuthi "idayimane idolobha". Lena strip elincane elisezansi phakathi yoLwandle iCaspian kanye entabeni Tarki-Tau. amakhilomitha amahlanu kuyinto PGT Tarki, naye unomlando omuhle nezinto zalo ezikhangayo. Tarki ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla ekhulwini VII. Khona-ke kwaba ngendlu edolobheni elincane. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-17 waba inhloko-dolobha Shamkhalate Tarkovsky. Phakathi nomkhankaso Persian Petra Velikogo Tarki ayebhekwa idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke e Dagestan. Indawo Geographical Makhachkala emangalisayo. Kusobala kwesokudla ogwini iqhwa-free iCaspian Sea ebusika, eduze Greater iziNtaba zaseCaucasus. Esinye kancane egudla ugu edolobheni Kaspiysk futhi ekujuleni kolwandle - Leninkent.

division nezokuphatha Makhachkala

inhlokodolobha Dagestan sika ihlukaniswe ngezigodi zoMasipala bobathathu: Leninsky, Kirovsky nawaseSoviet. Lenin ithatha ingxenye eningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe edolobheni.
Kukhona izindlela eziningana eziyinhloko - Imam Shamil, A. Sultan, uPeter Omkhulu, Hamidov. Futhi, kukhona square yaqanjwa uPetru kwepaki Omkhulu nge ugibele izingane kanye nabantu abadala, "Dragon". wesifunda Leninsky lihlotshiswe echibini emangalisayo nehhotela ezimbili yesimanje "Ak-Gel 'futhi" Petrovsk ". Lapha kukhona izitolo eziningi nemizila ezokuthutha. Makhachkala Airport naye ungowasendaweni Lenin wesifunda.

wesifunda Soviet kungokwalabo enkabeni yedolobha. On insimu yalo kukhona intaba Tarki-Tau, ingxenye komlando Makhachkala futhi edumile Juma Mosque. Kukhona ujantshi emaphakathi Makhachkala esiteshini futhi lighthouse.

Kirovsky wesifunda ngokwendawo ngobukhulu. Ehhovisi lakhe itholakala enyakatho Makhachkala, nedlelo eziningi, kuze siqhingi odumile Chechen.

pool Water idolobha

inhlokodolobha Dagestan sika idume imithombo yayo ocebile yemvelo. Phakathi edolobheni zikhona ezintathu ichibi elihle kokuvamile. Esikhathini Kirov esifundeni ashaya kancane ukuma side echibini undergraduate. On ogwini lwayo yakhiwe esifundeni eponymous ne yesimanjemanje. Esikhathini Leninsky wesifunda, eduze nolwandle, kuyinto echibini kuhle esikhulu Ak-Gel. Kuyaziwa for wabuka yayo babanjwa futhi ipaki, esemgwaqweni kwesokudla ogwini. Kancane enyakatho okwengeziwe kukhona echibini elincane ngodaka Mud. A ngomzuzu-20 drive kusukela idolobha elingasolwandle labantu of Makhachkala, Kaspiysk amanga umngcele zazo zikhona namachibi amabili emangalisayo - Big futhi Tour Small. Makhachkala indawo ewela imifula emibili - Tarnair futhi Talginka (yesibili igama Cerkez-ozen). amabhange wabo zakhelwe ukuvakasha enhle. Futhi emzini kukhona umfula ezenziwe umuntu - isiteshi Okthoba Revolution.

izimo zezulu

inhlokodolobha Dagestan sika Makhachkala endaweni yemvelo nge sezulu esipholile ezwekazini. elishisayo, noma izinga lokushisa isilinganiso 24 degrees ngamanzi - 22 degrees. Ngeminye iminyaka, emoyeni lokushisa kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-October ungahlala ngaphakathi +30 ... + 38 degrees. Sekuke kwaba khona emlandweni edolobheni nezikhathi abandayo ikakhulukazi phakathi, ehlobo lapho izinga lokushisa akazange ukunqoba degrees 10. Ubusika Makhachkala ngokulinganisela epholile, emoyeni lokushisa okungenani -2 degrees. Kakhulu akuvamile ukwenzeka esifundeni kanye ebusika obubanda ngokungavamile. Ngakho, izinga lokushisa aphansi nezinyanga zasebusika iqinile ngezithuba -26 degrees Celsius. Inzika e Makhachkala ngokuvamile iwe ngokulinganayo phakathi nawo wonke unyaka. Kuphela July no-August, inombolo yabo kancane kunonyaka lonke isikhathi. Imimoya endaweni futhi ngokulinganisela. isivinini sawo silinganiselwa - mayelana 4 amamitha ngomzuzwana. I abasondelana ezintabeni kudala Makhachkala akayena ngempela evumayo isimo zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ukuzamazama komhlaba ngobukhulu lapha kwaba ngo-1970.

ezokuthutha

Njengoba ingxenye yeRussia Dagestan - republic. Inhloko-dolobha ye ezizimele iyunithi indawo - Makhachkala - has emoyeni futhi wesitimela izixhumanisi emadolobheni amakhulu Russian Federation. Makhachkala Airport undize uye eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Sochi namanye amadolobha. izindiza International Dubai, Istanbul, Baku, Bishkek. Sesitimela yezokuthutha exhumanisa Makhachkala ukuba eMoscow, eSt Petersburg kanye Astrakhan. Ngaphezu izitimela elide, kukhona somhambi e Derbent futhi Khasavyurt. Ngo Makhachkala kukhona ukuhweba ulwandle port neziteshi ezimbili ngebhasi. Indlela yokuhamba ngezinto Urban olunikezwa trolley amabhasi kanye minibuses.

iminyuziyamu

Inhloko-dolobha ye Dagestan, Makhachkala enakekela nomlando wayo. Edolobheni enkazimulweni lempi Dagestan, Museum of History of Theatre weRiphabhliki, okwamanje vreya agcwaliswa nge nemibukiso entsha, Museum emlandweni futhi yokwakha. Lunikeza ayizinkulungwane 150 ziphephile, phakathi kwawo - elidala, imibhalo yesandla eyigugu kakhulu futhi izinjongo abavubukuli. Kuyaziwa ukuthi endaweni Makhachkala, imizana bavela okokuqala II ekhulwini ezaziwayo. Kuze kube namuhla noma umuzi nje ababhekene nezinhlekelele zemvelo kanye nezombusazwe. ubufakazi babo kungabonwa Museum, kubhekwe kwekulu eNorth Caucasus.

Sinesithakazelo esikhulu kuyinto Museum of "Dagestan dolobhana", etholakala maphakathi nedolobha. Lapha embukisweni izinto zokuphila kwansuku zonke of zabomdabu Dagestani ingaphakathi ezindlini zabo ezithokomele bobudala obungefani, izingubo, izikhali. I encane kunawo wonke waba Makhachkala City History Museum. Kuyathakazelisa e ukuthi sidalwe izakhamuzi ngokwabo. Futhi ngengxenye enkulu ziphephile.

Cishe maphakathi edolobheni kunesinye Museum - Ubuciko bamehlo. Lapha, iqoqo eliyingqayizivele lobuciko zokuhlobisa, okuyinto kubhekwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

zokungcebeleka

Ngaphezu iminyuziyamu esiyingqayizivele, e Makhachkala, kukhona ezikhumbuzo eziningi, amapaki emangalisayo, ephahlwe esihlahleni-ngaphakathi begodu neenkwere. On forecourt we lesikhumbuzo uyakhonza izivakashi Mahach Dahadaevu. Makhachkala yaqhubekisela inkumbulo kahlanu iqhawe emhlabeni Ali Aliyev. isithakazelo njalo izivakashi kuyinto lesikhumbuzo ukuze uthisha Russian. Ngo Makhachkala, ethuneni Rasul Gamzatov. Yena ungcwatshwe eceleni umkakhe Patimat.

Omunye ezikhangayo elidume kunawo wonke Grand Mosque of Makhachkala. Ngo Makhachkala, ingenye yezindawo avakashelwa njalo. Juma izakhiwo efana Blue Mosque e Istanbul. It luyanda njalo ngonyaka ngobukhulu, kodwa agcinwayo ngezabelo yayo weJiyomethri nokuzwana esthetic. Enye amathempeli amathathu elise Tarki. Kutholwe ngenhla nje inqaba zomlando Stormy. Ukuze kwamakholwa angama-Orthodox e Makhachkala usebenza Dormition Cathedral.

Amahholo

Inhloko-dolobha ye Dagestan, ngakwesokudla kungenziwa ngokuthi idolobha uvundile zokudala.

Izindawo zemidlalo yeshashalazi Makhachkala hlala ebalulekile e impilo yezakhamuzi futhi njalo ukuheha izivakashi. Drama Theatre. Gorky kwamiswa ngowokuqala ngqa. Kwathi ekuqaleni amandla KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - ngo-1926. Kule minyaka edlule, kuye ngempumelelo okuhleliwe imikhiqizo eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, wasebenza abaculi abadumile. Musical Drama Theatre. Tsadasa wadalwa 30s kwekhulu elidlule edolobhaneni Hunzak. Kusukela ngo-1968, nguye Makhachkala. Ngaphezu Avar, muzi Kumyk Umculo Drama Theatre. Salavatova, Lak Umculo futhi Drama Theatre. Kapieva, ngonodoli, i-opera, i-ballet, "Gísli" - yaseshashalazini iculo.

sanatoriums

amahle kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo izivakashi edolobheni Makhachkala. Photo zalo ezikhangayo, emigwaqweni nasezigcawini le Umbukiso. Idume zokungcebeleka zawo zokwelapha nokuphila kahle. Omunye wabo - yokungcebeleka "Talgi". Kuyinto a drive ngomzuzu-15 kusuka Makhachkala esigodini olunothile Talginskaya eduze entabeni kukuri. Holidaymakers nazi izindlu yesimanje, kakhulu isikhungo kungakanani abakwaziyo kanye nokuhlola kwelashwa, kunakekelwa wokwamukela izihambi womnini-abasebenzi. Waphatha e "Talgi" uhlelo zemisipha, abakaze, isikhumba kanye nezifo izifo zabesifazane.

"ICaspian" yinto cishe ihora kude Makhachkala kuyinto. Isidumbu sakhe eyakhelwe ehlathini, ogwini yoLwandle iCaspian. Lapha it is excellently kuhlanganiswe ihlathi zokwelapha emoyeni, emanzini kwezempilo ekubuyiseleni yoLwandle iCaspian namandla magic zezintaba. Futhi e Makhachkala kukhona sibhedlela "Dagestan", "Tarnair" futhi yezokwelapha nokuvuselelwa isikhungo izingane ezimbili sika.