Inhlekelele, elivulekele izwe Eli Vizelem

Umuntu ubani emhlabeni ukweleta ulwazi yayo lwenhlekelele. Le ndoda owayengomunye ulwazi lokuqala kwanyatheliswa ngokucekelwa ukucindezelwa abantu bamaJuda kanzima ngamaNazi. Eli Vizel - nombhali "Ubusuku" kule noveli, wathola izwe iqiniso mayelana amacala yamaNazi. Njengoba ngasinda ezethusayo Auschwitz, eveza kwababulali bakhe nje kuphela, kodwa emhlabeni wonke, ongenandaba buthule uyadlula.

Ukuba umlobi odumile, wathola uMklomelo KaNobel. It is hhayi yadlulisela umnikelo izincwadi, kanye amaqhawe emhlabeni, njengoba enjalo kwaze kwaba ngu-ezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe - wokukhanya ukukhanya isampula lwesintu, ngeke ulahlekelwe ukholo ubuhle.

Vizel Eli. biography

Eli Vizel wazalwa ngo 30.09.1928, e Northern eTransylvania, emzini Sighet, umndeni benkolo bamaJuda. Wathola imfundo enkolo yendabuko. Njengoba yona ngokwayo ithi, esengumntwana nangesikhathi intsha 'kwakwenziwa iTalmud. " Watadisha isiHebheru nsuku zonke. Abazali - noSara Shlomo Wiesel - bamfundisa ngenhliziyo yonke abathanda amaJuda. Futhi balandela konke ukuphila kwami.

Ngo-1941, idolobha lapho wahlala Wiesel umndeni lebhalwe Hungary. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, amaNazi ambulala ngendlela amaJuda, abelokhu engasazi ukuthi isiphetho sabo phambili. Ngo-1943 yathathwa amaNazi Hungary.

Ngo Sighet, umuzi ka-Eli, waya amahemuhemu mayelana ukuvukela kwamaJuda ku Warsaw ghetto. Bona wazibuza ekhathazekile ukuthi kungani akukungakanani futhi kubalulekile ukuba ahlupheke. Ngakho ubhala yena Vizel Eli - incwadi "Forest Gate" futhi "Ubusuku" eziningi inkulumo mayelana nalokhu sikhathi sokuphila kwakhe.

Kodwa ngo-1944, amaNazi waqala nokuqalisa uhlelo lwakhe lokufundisa abantu eyesabekayo. Kuphela Hungary, namaJuda angaphezu kuka-800 000 babulawa ngo-1944. Labo abasala bathunyelwa e-Auschwitz - ekamu lokuhlushwa ePoland. Lapho efika ekamu, futhi uyise wahlukana nonina nodadewabo abathathu.

Unina uSara, udade othile osemusha Tzipora ababoshiwe hhayi ngasinda. Vizel Eli noyise bangumuntu e ekamu okufukuzwa Monowitz. izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ejele Wiesel ephethwe ukuba sihlale siseduze uyise, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bakuphi okungenasiphelo adluliselwe komunye wemboni kwenye.

ukufa mashi

Ubusika 1944 Auschwitz waxoshelwa, njengoba amabutho aseSoviet ayezohlasela. Iziboshwa baqhutshwa ngezinyawo laseBuchenwald - ekamu lokuhlushwa eJalimane. Kusukela indlala abandayo futhi, ukukhathala, nesihluku, onogada abaningi babulawa. Ikamu yakhululwa Apreli 11, 1945. uyise ka-Eli akazange aphile isikhathi eside ukubona yokukhululwa ekamu ngeviki, ukukukhuthazelela yokulamba nokushaywa. Ngaleso sikhathi, Vera Vizelya luntengantenge. Kodwa nge kuvuselelwe ubungqabavu emuva kamuva.

Ngosuku lwesithathu enkululeko Vizel Eli balimala kanzima ngesikhathi namasonto amabili, laya usesibhedlela phakathi kokufa nokuphila. Lapho uvukile, wayefuna ukuba ngizihlole futhi weza esibukweni. Wiesel ubhala yena, ngakho wayengakwazi ukumbona ubuso bakhe selokhu lathunjwa. Kusukela kwesibuko ukujula kubukeka efile. Khona-ke u-Eli ezitholakala omunye zokukhosela e-Paris odadewabo - Hilda noBeatrice.

umsebenzi Early

Ngo-1948 wabhalisa eSorbonne - Paris University. Psychology wafunda, ifilosofi, izincwadi. Ngemva kokuphothula wasebenza njengoba intatheli futhi ngokushesha waya India, lapho afike achitha khona unyaka owodwa. Ngo-1955 wathuthela e-United States futhi ngo-1963 wayeseba yisakhamuzi.

Wiesel umsebenzi etemibhalo kwaqala ngo-Yiddish, kamuva eshicilelwe ngesiHebheru. Khona-ke waloba French futhi eminyakeni yamuva - ngesiNgisi. "Futhi umhlaba wathula" - Incwadi yokuqala, esanyatheliswa Eli Vizelem e-Argentina ngo-Yiddish ngo-1956. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2, liye lahunyushelwa French futhi ishicilelwe ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Ubusuku".

AmaJuda uthule

Incwadi ulilethele udumo emhlabeni wonke. Izwe wakuzwa. Kwakunzima bangezwa. Vizel Eli, ogama amabhuku wadalula ezethusayo amaNazi futhi labo ukuthula ngabandayo, wadlula, a lifetime uzigcinile imemori Kwesizwe. Omunye wabantu bokuqala ukuthi bancenga umphakathi jikelele ukuze asize amaJuda Soviet, ekhanyisa isiphetho sabo emazweni obushiqela.

Ngo-1965, Wiesel kuziwa eSoviet Union, abafisa ukufakaza ngosizi abantu bamaJuda. Yena wahlangana nezithunywa kwemiphakathi. Kwamhlaba umxhwele lokho ayekuzwa ayekubona eSoviet Union Eli Vizelem utlole incwadi "AmaJuda Ukuthula Du." Ibhuku okuthakazelisayo ngokuphila amaJuda Soviet. Isihloko sencwadi ethi amanga anezincazelo ezimbili.

Ukuqala ukufunda umsebenzi, ingabe ucabanga ukuthi incwadi imayelana abantu awasho lutho isiphetho sabo. Kodwa ekupheleni Ukufundwa uyaqaphela ukuthi la mazwi eshiwo kumaJuda ngokuyinhloko abahlala emazweni sikhululekile passivity yabo futhi ungenzi lutho ngaphakathi the bombo of ukuhlupheka kwabanye. Wiesel akuyona buthule - ubapha izinkulumo, ubhala izihloko, okuthanda izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ekhononda Inqubomgomo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

lokusungula Wiesel

Ekupheleni 50s, u-Eli uphendukela umsebenzi etemibhalo. Ingxenye enkulu yale misebenzi eyabhalwa Eli Vizelem, enikelwe Kwesizwe esabekayo futhi ongenakulibaleka of abantu bamaJuda. Amaqhawe amanoveli akhe, izinkinga zabo futhi isiphetho kuphela abangamaJuda.

Ubona ukuphila ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu le Kabbalah kanye iTalmud. Ziningi izincwadi ezibhaliwe mayelana kuqothulwe amaJuda amaNazi, ukungabi nangqondo of zonya yabo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba baqonde lezi zenzakalo ngendlela iphuzu zenkolo umbono. Ezincwadini zakhe ekhuluma unacceptability zodlame kanye nokudelela amalungelo esintu, ukubandlulula nokungabi nandaba.

Abaningi ezinkulumo zakhe futhi izihloko lunikezelwe ababaleki, abantu bancishwa ukholo, igama kanye nezwe. Abantu emi sisonqenqemeni khona. umnikelo Omkhulu u-Eli Vizelem laqanjwa ezindabeni abafudukayo kanye nabokufika. izinhlangano zomphakathi zezombangazwe sinake izinkinga balaba bantu. Wiesel uphefumulela ithemba ayebabele isiphetho lomsebenzisi elingcono ku-iqhaza komuntu futhi ozethembayo.

Eli Vizel. kumbhali

• "Ubusuku", 1958.
• "Forest Gate", 1966.
• "Breaking Dawn", 1960.
• "Usuku", 1961.
• "AmaJuda Wokuthula", 1966.
• "IJerusalema isinxibi" ngo-1968.
• "Injabulo Chassidic", 1971.
• "I Izifungo e Kolviyyake", 1973.
• "Zalman, noma Madness Kwaphezulu ', 1968.
• "Okwesihlanu iNdodana", 1983.
• "Uma sekuhwalala, ibanga", 1987.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Vizel Eli, njengoba uprofesa Izifundo yamaJuda, uye wafundisa eGeorgetown, Boston futhi Yale amanyuvesi. Ngangihamba njalo emhlabeni wonke futhi ozongitshela, elikhulunywe ngesikhathi izingqungquthela. Yena ngiziphatha nabanye abantu kwande.

• iminyaka 1980-1986 - usihlalo Kwesizwe Museum e-Los Angeles.
• 1985 - yaklonyeliswa mthetho wasebusika.
• 1986 - owawina uMklomelo KaNobel.
• 2006 - ukhishwa isihloko Honorary Knight.

Julayi 2, 2016 eNew York wafa Eli Vizel - sezifundo futhi uthisha ngubani wanikela konke ukuphila kwakhe kuya umzabalazo wamalungelo abantu. Wazama adlulisele kubo bonke abantu ukubaluleka inkululeko. Zivikela ngobukelemu labo abanalo ulwazi noma kungenzeka ukuba avikele amalungelo abo.