Indlela hlola igebe ezishisayo piston izindandatho: izeluleko kongoti

Ngezinye injini ukulungiswa ezinkulu ngokuvamile unemibuzo mayelana ngokukhetha ilungelo igebe ezishisayo. Piston indandatho likhulu kakhulu igebe lock futhi axially izosebenza kahle. Kodwa kunzima nakakhulu ukusebenzelana, uma igebe sincane kakhulu likhishiwe. Kulokhu, injini ngeke isebenze isikhathi eside nangemva amakhilomitha eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa futhi eceliwe bulkhead. Ake sixoxe kanjani ukukhetha ilungelo igebe ezishisayo piston izindandatho nendlela Eqinisweni, kufanele kuhle kube.

Uhlolojikelele futhi Concepts

I piston siqukethe izindandatho ezintathu, ngamunye okuyinto eyenza umsebenzi othize. kusetshenziselwa ukulondoloza zlib e injini engenhla ezimbili. Uma kwenzeka noma bafinyelele ezingeni esibucayi zokukhandleka, bese izici othakazelisayo yangaphakathi omlilo engine, uwoyela ukusetshenziswa ukwanda kanye nezinye izinkinga. indandatho Lower ngokuthi "STEM". Kusukela isihloko kuyacaca ukuthi ukuqashwa kwakhe ngesikhathi ukusebenza kwe-amandla iyunithi.

Ngo ukusebenza kwe-yangaphakathi omlilo injini metal izingxenye ukunweba. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu ezilula, igebe ezishisayo piston izindandatho kuyehla. Uma ekuqaleni wacosha ngokungalungile, ukuthi ingaphansi ovumelekile, wabe esekhonza iminyaka ukufinyelela izinga lokusebenza le-piston injini ngeke bhala odongeni isilinda.

Kuyini igebe ezishisayo piston izindandatho umkhonyovu?

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ngqo izibalo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi nesilinganiso igebe kufanele ukwenziwa izingxenye unheated. Uma le ring liyadingeka ibekwe ku uMbhalo. iphenya ekhethekile noma amapuleti zisetshenziswa ukunquma ipharamitha. Ezimweni eziningi, ukubaluleka avumelekile igebe kuhluka 0.25 0.5 mm. Kodwa kuye ngohlobo motor kanye ukuguqulwa yayo, lezi idatha ziyahlukahluka, kodwa kunconywa ukuba ahlole pre ICE imibhalo.

Kuyini igebe ezishisayo piston Amasongo kufanele ku Vaz izimoto? Ukuze kokucindezelwa izindandatho ke kufanele sibe ububanzi 0.25-0.4 mm, futhi uwoyela ukulawula izindandatho - 0.25-0.5 mm. Nalapha futhi, lezi zibalo zingase ube ukuhluka, ngakho udinga ukugxila imodeli ethize injini.

Ukulinganiswa kokusebenza ubuchwepheshe

Into yokuqala okufanele niyenze ukuletha iringi ukuze ohlangothini isilinda. Khona-ke wabeka engxenyeni engaphandle ye-slot eyabelwe. Okulandelayo uzodinga iqoqo emapheshana lapho igebe kunqunywa. Uma iringi ibekwe ngqo ngaphakathi uMbhalo kwawo, izilinganiso zobukhulu kufanele sigcwaliswe eceleni, ngoba ibanga eliphakathi imikhawulo zingahluka.

Into yokuqala okufanele niyenze ukubeka indandatho piston emafutheni injini. Njengoba anencazelo ekhethekile yokugcina lapha akukhona, njengoba ekusebenzeni uyozishisa konke. Ngaphezu kwalokho indandatho ezinwabuzelayo odongeni isilinda. Futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uMbhalo, lapho indandatho izosetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukuze sifeze lesi sibalo, uma piston selisusiwe. Endabeni Ukuthutha yamuva ngokwanele ukuvimba indandatho wazalela ngu 3-5 mm, cishe endaweni lapho kuzoba kule yangaphakathi omlilo injini ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Ngemva kwalokho sisebenzisa iqoqo iphenya (amabha) futhi ukuthola nemagugu ladzingekako. Sebenzisa "ibhukwana" lapho sithathe imvume piston izindandatho. Udizili "Ford okugada '1.6 Ngokwesibonelo, kufanele abe lamashumi 0.3-0.5 mm ngokubukeka elingenhla kokucindezelwa esiyingini 0.2-0.45 mm ngokubukeka STEM.

Inxanxathela ukulungisa CPG

Okubizwa ngokuthi "kapitalka" Injini Ukuxazulula kusho ngokugcwele iqembu isilinda-piston, ngoba singaphansi aphakeme imithwalo ezishisayo ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-pistons, kokucindezelwa futhi STEM izindandatho nazo ngaphansi bafake anda. Kwezinye izimo, lapho indandatho akukafiki esibucayi sizigqoke ushiye. On eziningi zalezi zinsuku ICE igebe 1 mm isivele kubhekwa esibucayi, futhi kulokhu kuyadingeka ukuze esikhundleni izindandatho. Ngakho, lapho kulungiswe injini Kunconywa ukushintsha zonke emasongweni pistons, ngisho noma zibonakala uvumelane. Sidinga lokhu amakhilomitha 50 000 futhi ukuqaqa motor.

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi imvume ukuze lokuqala nelesibili kokucindezelwa izindandatho uyefana. Isibonelo okuphawuleka yasekhaya imishini esindayo. Ngokwesibonelo, igebe ezishisayo piston izindandatho "Kamaz" kumele ibukeke lokhu:

• kuqala kokucindezelwa indandatho - 0.20-0.40 mm (entsha);
• yesibili - 0.30-0.50 (entsha);
• Stem 0.25-0.50 (entsha).

Kulokhu, bafake ovumelekile zonke izinhlobo indandatho kumele singeqi 1 mm. Ngisho 0.9 mm kungaba kakade kubhekwe ezibucayi. Nakuba ngokuvamile ngaphandle disassembly CPG wayeqonda ukuthi indandatho ocelwa ukuba esikhundleni.

Ukwandiswa ukusetshenziswa uwoyela

yesimanje abakhiqizi abaningi imoto ukwandisa imvume piston amasongo izinjini zabo. Uma ezinye izinhlobo zama le yangaphakathi omlilo injini kubalulekile 1 mm, kodwa injini entsha kusukela "BVM" noma "Audi" 12 mm - igebe entsha injini izindandatho ngaphandle run. Lapha udinga ukuqonda iphuzu esisodwa esibalulekile.

Iqiniso lokuthi amandla omlilo uphethiloli emoyeni ingxube kwakhiwa amagesi okuyinto ufaka inkatho we piston. Ngakho, baqala ukwakha ingcindezi ngaphakathi esiyingini, sisivumele ukunqanda odongeni isilinda.

Yingakho lapho yangaphakathi omlilo injini at angomahlalela ongaphakeme isivinini downforce akuyona omkhulu njengoNkulunkulu at imithwalo eliphezulu. Isizathu siwukuthi inani igesi ekamelweni omlilo yehluke. Eyesibili kokucindezelwa indandatho ingxenye ithwala inkinga nokukhuhla, kokukhipha ifilimu kusukela isilinda. Uma ezigugile, ukwanda igrisi ukusetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi angomahlalela ongaphakeme injini ngesivinini.

Thermal igebe piston izindandatho Vaz-21083

imoto Domestic 2108, eyaziwa ngokuthi i- "eziyisishiyagalombili" noma "ishizolo", kungaba ozibongayo injini okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Nakuba-ke ngokunakekela ngenxa futhi egijima eziningi. Nokho, uma ukulungiswa ezinkulu kudingeka sinake ekhethekile igebe ezishisayo. Abantu abaningi abazi ulihlanganisa ukubaluleka kule futhi ushiye iringi ubudala. Kodwa lokhu kulungiswe ngeke ngilethe le Imiphumela kulindeleke, ikakhulukazi uma injini bulkhead wenziwa ngenxa lenyuka uwoyela ukusetshenziswa.

Kukhona izici eziningana eliyingqayizivele. Ikakhulu, i-clearance esiphezulu wonke amasongo - 0.15 kuphela mm. Ngakho i-okuzisholo kokucindezelwa 1st of 0,04-0,075 mm, wesibili - 0,03-0,065 mm futhi STEM - 0,02-0,055 mm. Kuyadingeka kakhulu ukufeza ngokunemba high. Inketho engcono - sikuqonde anemifantu futhi emasongweni piston. Ungasebenzisa micrometer kanye nesethi iphenya. Izilinganiso phezu piston kumele kwenziwe ezindaweni eziningana emhlabeni selilonke.

umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama eziningana ezibalulekile

On indlela ukulungisa niyobuthwa ngu igebe ezishisayo piston amasongo injini diesel noma uphethiloli kuncike empilweni leqembu isilinda-piston futhi, eqinisweni, ikhala. Scuffing ngenxa emasongweni friction of uMbhalo kuholela ekulahlekelweni kokucindezelwa nje kuphela kodwa futhi geometry. Jabulela lokhu amancane, njengoba ukubuyisela isimo ukusebenza uzodinga resurfacing, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kunazo - wazalela isilinda.

Uma osabalalayo bafake izindandatho, bese kakhulu zehla nakakhulu uphawu egumbini amandla omlilo. Lokhu kuholela Ukuwohloka Dynamics injini futhi ekusetshenzisweni kakhulu kwemithombo uwoyela motor.

Yini engalungile igebe kancane

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ukuze kuzuzwe okuhle kokucindezelwa kudingeka igebe njengoba encane ngangokunokwenzeka. Kulesi simo namafutha ngeke ushise. Konke lokhu kuphela ngokwengxenye kweqiniso. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma igebe ukunwetshwa ngeke ibe ngaphansi ovumelekile, kuyoba khona ukwephulwa exchange ukushisa. Kokunye, lokhu kubangelwa lenyuka ngomshikisho emasongweni isilinda. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona burrs, futhi bafake yashesha esiyingini isilinda. Ekugcineni, iringi kokucindezelwa akudali ingcindezi eyanele futhi ekunqandeni ushiye amafutha esihlokweni amasilinda. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, injini amandla kulahleka, kwandisa ukugeleza igrisi futhi liwohloka yangaphakathi omlilo ukuzinza.

Kufinyeta

Njengoba ubona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yini edingekayo igebe piston izindandatho ngoba uhlobo oluthile injini. nomkhiqizi ngamunye icacisa Inani okuzisholo neyamukelekayo. Nabo futhi bakhuthazwa ukuba banamathele kuzo. Uma kulungiswe iringi esigqokwa, uthi u-50%, khona-ke kungcono esikhundleni esisha.

Akukubi ngakho kakhudlwana kunokuba kwehle imvume. Ngenxa yokugcina kwandisa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni amandla omlilo, uMbhalo isicelo umonakalo lokukhanda. Konke lokhu kubangela izindleko okwengeziwe abalulekile. Lokho akuzange kwenzeke, kubalulekile ukuba kahle ukukhetha imvume piston izindandatho waqondisa kuphela umthombo othembekile. Iziqondiso ze ukwenziwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zisesimweni imoto ngayinye ahlelwe idatha okudingayo, futhi kufanele ekusebenzeni.