Inani izimbangela neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856

Phakathi nekhulu le-19 ngoba uMbuso Russian kwaphawulwa olujulile umzabalazo zamanxusa ngokuba Black Sea sisebunzimeni. Imizamo yokuxazulula le nkinga ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokubonisana bahlulekile ekungqubuzaneni nhlobo. Ngo 1853, i-Empire Russian eyalwa ngokuvukela uMbuso WaseTurkey ngoba supremacy Black Sea sisebunzimeni. NeMpi YaseCrimea ka 1853-1856, ngamafuphi, -. Kuyinto Ukungqubuzana izithakazelo aseYurophu eMpumalanga Ephakathi futhi aseBalkan. I ehamba phambili uthi European engimbumbile umfelandawonye anti-Russian, ifake Turkey, French Empire, Sardinia neBrithani. NeMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856 ishanelwe ezindaweni ezinkulu, ke ibanga amakhilomitha amaningi. Active ukulwa imisebenzi yayiqhutshelwa tinkhombandlela eziningana. I-Russian Empire waphoqeleka ukuba alwe ngqo hhayi kuphela eCrimea, kodwa futhi emazweni aseBalkan, eCaucasus neMpumalanga Ekude. Neziphawulekayo nabo bebekhona izibhelu olwandle - i-Black, White futhi iBaltic.

Izimbangela zokungezwani

Izimbangela neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856 mlando ukuchaza ngendlela ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, ososayensi baseBrithani ukholelwa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko empini sonya ukukhula engakaze ibonwe Mykolaiv Russia, i-emperor kwaholela ekubeni kwengxabano ukungqubuzana eMpumalanga Ephakathi futhi aseBalkan. mlando Turkish imbangela eyinhloko isifiso empini waseRussia ukusungula ukubusa yayo phezu besebunzimeni Black Sea, owawuzokwenza oLwandle Olumnyama maphakathi nezwe umzimba umbuso amanzi. Izimbangela evelele neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856 waqokomisa historiography Russian, othi ukungqubuzana ezenze isifiso waseRussia ukuthuthukisa isikhundla sabo esintengayo enkundleni ngamazwe. Ngokwezazi-mlando eziningi, empini kwaholela iqoqo izenzakalo esiyimbangela, futhi ngayinye emazweni iqhaza le izimfanelo yempi bebodwa. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube manje, ososayensi e ingxabano ekhona kwezinhloso zenzuzo ayifiki incazelo evamile izimbangela neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856.

Ukungqubuzana izithakazelo

Njengoba izimbangela neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856, uqhubekele ekuqaleni impi. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukungqubuzana phakathi Orthodox namaKatolika ukulawula Lethuna Elingcwele, owawungumnyaka engaphansi koMbuso WaseTurkey. Ultimatum eRussia ukuba alinike okhiye sethempeli okubangelwa umbhikisho kusuka Ottoman, besekele-France ne-United Kingdom. IRussia hhayi incwadi yokwesula emsebenzini ukuhluleka kwezinto izinhlelo zabo eMpumalanga Ephakathi, nganquma ukushintshela aseBalkan wafaka amabutho abo kule principalities.

Inkambo neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856.

Kungaba kuhle ukuba bahlukanise ukungqubuzana izinkathi ezimbili. Isigaba sokuqala (November 1953 - April 1854) - ke nje ingxabano Russian-Turkish, lapho Russia luthemba ukwesekwa kusukela UK nase-Austria abangu kungafaneleki. Kwakheka nezimpi ezimbili - eCaucasus kanye eCrimea. Okuwukuphela impi ebalulekile kwaba Russia Sinop ulwandle impi ngo-November 1853, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho Black Sea imikhumbi wahlulwa nabaseTurkey.

Ulwela Sevastopol kanye Battle of Inkerman

Isikhathi sesibili wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-February 1856, futhi kwaphawulwa emzabalazweni inyunyana uthi European naseTurkey. Ukufika amabutho amaZwe Asizanayo eCrimea ophoqelelwe amabutho Russian ukuhambisa ujule nhlonhlo. Okuwukuphela lenqaba ungenakunqotshwa baba Sevastopol. Ekwindla ka-1854 waqala ukuzivikela yesibindi Sevastopol. umyalo nokuwubuwula yebutho Russian kunalokho ubuhlungu kuka esesizile abavikeli komuzi. Phakathi nezinyanga 11 ngaphansi kobuholi amatilosi Nakhimov P., V. Istomin, uVladimir Kornilov kwawona ukuhlaselwa isitha. Kwaba ngemva kwaba nzima ukugcina umuzi, abavikeli, kusale, yashaya emafektri nge izingalo kwashiswa yonke into ezingase bashise, kanjalo ukubhidliza amabutho ahlangene baceba ukuthatha base wamabutho asolwandle.

amabutho Russian bekwenziwa imizamo ukuphambukisa nokunakwa sizana of Sevastopol. Kodwa bonke babe maloudachnyh. Collision at Inkerman, ihlasele endaweni Evpatoria, kwi Black River impi akangayiletha inkazimulo ibutho isiRashiya, futhi yabonisa backwardness yayo, izikhali akusebenzi futhi ukungakwazi kahle ukuqhuba imisebenzi yezempi. Zonke lezi zenzo ngiyikhiphile kokunqotshwa Russia empini. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi amabutho ahlangene ithole. Amandla iBrithani neFrance ekupheleni 1855 isiphelile, futhi iphuzu ukudluliswa kwamandla entsha eCrimea wayengekho.

nezimpi Caucasian futhi Balkan

NeMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856., Incazelo eningiliziwe esiye sazama, futhi wahlasela zaseCaucasia Front, izenzakalo lapho ziye zashintsha kancane ehlukile. Isimo kwakukhona ngconywana eRussia. Imizamo kwezinhloko zamaviyo Turkish ukuba bahlasele eCaucasus kuhlulekile. Kodwa amasosha Russian bakwazi kuthuthukiswe sigamanxe yoMbuso WaseTurkey awuthumbe Turkish inqaba Bajazet ngo-1854 futhi ngo-1855 Kars Allied Nemisebenzi aseBaltic nezilwandle White naseMpumalanga Ekude azange abe yimpumelelo enkulu zamasu. Futhi mpilo kakhulu zamabutho empi njengabantu obambisene nabo, futhi Russian Empire. Ngakho-ke, ekupheleni 1855 kwaphawulwa de empeleni waba ukumisa impi kuzo zonke izimpi. Kwamaqembu alwayo etafuleni yezingxoxo, ukuthatha isitokwe ka neMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856.

Ukugcwaliswa nemiphumela

Izingxoxo phakathi eRussia kanye nomfelandawonye Paris yaphela nge isivumelwano sokuthula. Zacindezelwa kwezinkinga zasekhaya, isimo sengqondo esinenzondo Prussia, Austria neSweden, Russia waphoqeleka ukuba wamukele okufunwa sizana of the neutralization yoLwandle Olumnyama. Ban ukuze bathethelele elisekela asolwandle kanti imikhumbi bancishwa Russia ka yonke impumelelo izimpi sangaphambilini Turkey. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Russia ufunge ngokuthi angeke ukwakha izinqaba kwi-Aland Islands futhi waphoqeleka ukuba ukunikezela ukulawula ababusi Danubian e ezandleni oMfelandawonye. EBessarabia lidlule ngokuvukela uMbuso WaseTurkey.

Ngokuvamile, iMpi YaseCrimea ka 1853-1856. Bakhandwa elixutshwe. Ingxabano uye kwaphoqa emhlabeni aseYurophu Imininingwane kabusha ngamabandla abo. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi oyenza isebenze nekhiqiza izikhali ezintsha bese kakhulu ekushintsheni isu kanye amaqhinga zempi.

I uMbuso WaseTurkey, kokuchitha izigidi amakhilogremu ku YaseCrimea impi kakhulu, kuholele isabelomali wezwe ukuqedela ezikweletini. Izikweletu eBrithani ophoqelelwe Sultan of Turkey ukwamukela inkululeko yokukhulekela futhi wenze abantu bonke balingane, kungakhathaliseki ubuzwe babo. United Kingdom Aberdeen uxoshe iKhabhinethi bakha entsha, eliholwa iNkosi Palmerston, ngubani ukhansele ukudayiswa isikhundla izikhulu.

NeMpi YaseCrimea 1853-1856 ophoqelelwe Russia ukufuna kabusha. Ngale kwalokho, ingase ezitjhelelako kwalasha ngezinkinga zomphakathi, kwakuzokwenza kuholele ukuvukela ethandwa, umphumela okungadingi ukuth ukubikezela eyodwa. Okwenzeka impi iye yasetshenziswa kabusha ezempi.

NeMpi YaseCrimea (1853-1856), ekumeleleni Sevastopol, kanye nezinye izenzakalo yalesi ukungqubuzana baye washiya uphawu olubalulekile emlandweni, izincwadi kanye Umdwebo. Abalobi emisebenzini ngu izimbongi futhi abaculi uzamile ukukhombisa zonke ubuqhawe lamasosha sivikele Sevastopol lenqaba, kanye nobukhulu olukhulu empini yase-uMbuso Russian.