Imvunulo yesizwe yamaJuda: izithombe, incazelo

Ubani igama izimpawu eyinhloko umehluko phakathi kwamaJuda kwezinye izizwe? imvunulo yesizwe. Incazelo yalo futhi izokwethulwa ukunakwa kwakho isihloko, njengoba ezigqokisa njalo inike umJuda esixukwini.

AmaJuda - abantu zapadnosemitskoy iqembu lifana ama-Arabhu kanye amhartsam (Ethiopia). Yebo, kungase kubonakale kungavamile, elwa njalo ungathandi nomunye Arabhu namaJuda - kwezihlobo eziseduze, mayelana nendlela Russian nabasePoland.

Nokho, inkolo, nempucuko jikelele futhi izingubo ngokukhethekile phakathi lezi zizwe ungathandi. AmaJuda Traditional ukugqoka colorful kakhulu futhi kugcizelela bale isizwe esixukwini. Abantu yesimanje futhi kude inkolo - kanye labaJuda ukuba agqoke ngokuphelele okusekelwe ezinkolelweni - ke kungase kubonakale eyinqaba, futhi abanye uyisidala, "anachronistic." Kuyini imvunulo yesizwe yabaJuda na? amajazi Black, izigqoko, amabhande - lezizinto imvunulo angamaJuda 'ukubiza ikhadi "umJuda. Kancane kancane skullcap eyaziwa - Beanie. Nokho, lokhu akukhona yonke imininingwane ekamelweni abangamaJuda. Kuyini imvunulo yesizwe yabaJuda na? Photo esihlokweni usikhombisa isithombe ngani umJuda, begqoke ngokuvumelana nemithetho yabantu bakhe.

Jewish amafilosofi izingubo

zokubhukuda National sezizwe amaJuda inomsuka eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, base njalo siguqula futhi isizathu salokho - isifiso amaJuda ukuze kungabonakali bona (phela emazweni amaningi azizange zivunyelwe ukuba zihlangane ukuphila nhlobo, noma avunyelwe ahlale ezindaweni ngokuqinile eziphakanyiswe yiNyuvesi) noma sigxilise. Umkhuba zakamuva livele ekuqaleni XІX ngekhulu: ezakhiwe abamele abantu bamaJuda yanquma ukushintsha ngubo zabo lukaKhisimusi izingubo European; Baqala ukuba sigqoke ngendlela ngalezo zikhathi - njengasezinsukwini ukusetshenziswa isiHebheru ihlanganisa isikhathi eside kakhulu amajazi amnyama nezigqoko. Kamuva lesi sitayela "ukulondoloza" waba omunye izinketho "lwamaJuda" isembatho, ngesikhathi lonke izwe, waphuma fashion.

Kodwa lolu shintsho linencazelo ethile - kazwelonke, ngemibono ngisho zenkolo. isimiso sayo kubonakala ku anecdote ethandwa. Kusolakala ekuqaleni we XІX ekhulwini omunye lawomaJuda abafunde bafika urabi, sengathi umgcini ehlonipha lasendulo, futhi wanquma ke "pin", wabuza wathi: "Rebbe, futhi yini okufanele uyigqoke ukhokho wethu uAbrahama?". Ubona sengathi urabi waphendula ngomoya ophansi: "Ndodana yami, angazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyigqoke Abrahama - e ingubo kasilika noma shtreimel; kodwa ngiyazi kahle indlela wakhetha izingubo zakhe wayefana ingubo akuzona amaJuda, futhi begqoke ngendlela ehlukile. "

Ngempela, sekungamakhulu eminyaka abaJuda kwayikhona befuna ukuba lihluke kuzo zonke ezinye izizwe futhi wakwenza ngokweqile nangaphezu kwabo bonke abanye bezizwe empumalanga. Amaqaba inkolo yamaJuda namanje beba nenkani benqabe ukubiza "ubuqaba" (nakuba, ngokuqinile phezu isayensi kulesi sici "amaqaba 'kungase kubhekwe njengokuvamile ngaphandle wokholo lwamaJuda, njengoba cishe akazange alandele ukuxubana namahlelo angaphandle).

umculo wamaJuda, ukupheka, ukuziphatha, izingubo - konke lokhu kumele kube njalo njengabanye, kodwa ncamashi kanjani kufanele abheke phambili, izinto ezincane. Ngisho kosher - uhlu Culinary (hhayi kuphela) we nezimfundiso - amaJuda amaningi Orthodox ngokuhunyushwa kuphela njengoba: "Kosher yethulwa ukuze ukuhlukanisa amaJuda evela abangewona amaJuda." Ngokufanayo, ukusoka ...

Akumangazi ukuthi Western Europe imvunulo ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule manje kubhekwe ngokusemthethweni izingubo zamaJuda. imvunulo yesizwe lamaJuda eRussia kungase kubonakale kancane eziyinqaba engavamile, kodwa kuba isiko omunye kubantu kufanele ihlonishwe.

skullcap

Lona Beanie efanayo. AmaJuda evela ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union bacabange ukuthi igama layo livela igama Russian Ermolai. Kodwa uma kufika Israyeli, bendawo ebachazela ukuthi isigqoko yigama elithi "yere Malka" - ". Owesaba uJehova," Okungukuthi, egqoke yarmulke, ngemcondvo, kusho ukuthi umnikazi wako ekhona ngokujulile futhi kakhulu kuNkulunkulu.

Indlela ukukhetha yarmulke?

Ukukhetha yarmulke - umsebenzi akulula njengoba kubonakala kuya engaqaliwe cha. Izitolo Israeli Bathengisa njengoba ofeleba abavamile bona - emashalofini wabeka skullcap ezihlukahlukene ezinobukhulu, zokwakha, imibala nezitayela. Nokho, onjani umthengi ayoyikhetha - kuncike uhlobo inkolo yakhe, futhi isimo sengqondo esihlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, AMAHASID ungayazi velvet futhi skullcap wathungela. UmJuda zenkolo ozuza cap isitayela, ezigugile emphakathini wakhe. Lokhu kubuye obonakalisa izimiso zobuJuda: kubonakala bangaphandle Monolithic, lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa iyunifomu, kodwa empeleni uhlukaniswe eziningi ukunyakaza, nezimfundiso ezahlukene, imithetho, izingubo, njll Ubudlelwano obuphakathi ukusakaza abaningi kude friendly ...

izimpawulo

imvunulo Jewish kazwelonke kuhlanganisa cape. NgesiHeberu ibizwa ngokuthi "tallit katan" noma "arbekanfes". Njengoba skullcap, ubuye imfanelo esiyisibopho imvunulo abangamaJuda. Kuyinto ucezu quadrangular yezinto ezibonakalayo. nge kunesikhala for ekhanda futhi emabhulashini ezine (Tzitzis) at emaphethelweni. Cape kungenziwa igqoke ngaphansi izingubo noma ezigugile phezulu njengoba ihembe, kodwa ibhulashi njalo ibekwe phezu ibhulukwe. ibhulashi ngamunye has izindikimba eziyisishiyagalombili. Nalapha futhi, kukhona izakhi ukuthi ayisibonelo salezi imisinga ezithile yobuJuda.

Ezithakazelisa kakhulu ngisho engaqondakali ingxenye - eyodwa (kungase kube ezimbili) ngentambo esandleni, ababethi umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kusho ukuthi umnikazi we-Cape - Radzinsky noma Izhbitsky Hasid. Ngokuqondene nomsuka wokukholelwa lezi sesigcilikisha abe legend. Kukholakala ukuthi upende blue - "theylet" - ukuwo dress engamaJuda ngezikhathi lasendulo, kodwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule, kulahleke iresiphi wakhe. Ekupheleni nesishiyagalolunye urabi Hasidic ekhulwini kaGereshoni ngoHanoki-ngaphinde wathola theylet, kodwa iresiphi engakaze obonwa iningi abameleli bomphakathi wamaJuda ngokuthi "kakhulu" upende. Ngakho-ke, amalungu lezinhlangano theylet kuphela abangamaJuda.

Eqinisweni, izama ukubuyisela i iresiphi lasendulo bese theylet azithathele izazi eziningi zaseNtshonalanga Jewish kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi. Igalelo lakhe kule eyenziwe abavubukuli ngubani zahlola izinsalela izitshalo lasendulo, futhi bamakhemikhali yesimanje.

Tzitzit, ngokuvumelana canons zenkolo, kufanele ukugqokwa wonke amadoda eziye zaphetha engu-13. Lokhu kusho yobudala (Bar mitzvah). Ukugqoka emabhulashini ubufakazi ukuthi umfana wakwazi ukuphendula ngezenzo zabo futhi ukubamba iqhaza ezindabeni abadala, kuhlanganise ukufunda nokuxoxa Torah esinagogeni.

"Casekits" futhi isigqoko

imvunulo yesizwe lamaJuda ngempela kuhlanganisa umqhele. Egqoke yarmulke ubophekile zonke umJuda zenkolo. Nokho, ngokuvamile lifihliwe ngaphansi umqhele yesibili. Lokhu kungaba cap, isigqoko noma "casekits" (aka "dashek") - ubudala isitayela cap. Lesi sakamuva athandwa kakhulu namaJuda Russian kanye Polish, kuhlanganise AMAHASID.

Kodwa Waziwa kakhulu bendabuko black hat. AmaJuda uzigqoka ngezinsuku zeviki. Ungacabangi ukuthi zonke izigqoko okufanayo: I-ukubukeka kwakhe ubuntu womnikazi wayo, ungakwazi ukutshela baningi ngisho nangaphezu kwezinwele iphasiphothi. usayizi isigqoko, isikhundla salo ekhanda, ubunjalo crease, kanye nezinye izakhi of the show, lapho ukusakaza zobuJuda kungokwalabo umnikazi we izigqoko ngisho has a isikhundla emphakathini.

Shtraymbl

Shtraymbl - lena uhlobo wesithathu umnqwazo njengabapristi, oyingxenye imvunulo yesizwe yamaJuda. Kepha kuphela basakaza khona AMAHASID. Shtraymbl - cylindrical noboya cap. Baphinde babe izinhlobo engaphezu kwemibili kweshumi. Kulokhu kukhona amaqembu ezinkulu ezintathu: shtraymbl langempela - ububanzi futhi aphansi, ifomu elifanele; EChernobyl - ephansi, ngaphezulu zefomu; futhi spodik - eliphezulu kakhulu noboya isigqoko. Shtraymbl AMAHASID ukugqoka kuphela ngezikhathi ezikhethekile - ngeSabatha, emishadweni kanye nezinye imikhosi, ngesikhathi ehambele ubona sengathi urabi. Kukhona izinhlobo shtraymbla ezigugile abaholi bomphakathi kuphela.

Tie nentshebe

Kukhona izinto zokugqoka, okuyinto bona kuphela ezinye emphakathini wamaJuda. Omunye wabo - uthayi. Kuyinto akubona kuphela Litvak. Kodwa ubuhlobo AMAHASID ngolaka sokuzonda; it is sithi iqiniso ukuthi isenzo sokuqala tie ifindo wokubopha okuhlanganisa isiphambano okwenyanga. Konke okuphathelene esiphambanweni, ngomJuda oshisekayo kufanele okwakufanele bakuzonde.

Enye ingxenye "izingubo" - nentshebe. Amanye amaJuda hamba ahlanzekile ukushefa, abanye ngobunono ukusikiwa nesilevu, kodwa AMAHASID ungayazi iyiphi ukuguqulwa entshebeni, ngakho-ke kuba zabo obukhulu kakhulu futhi omnyama phakathi kwawo wonke amaJuda.

imisila

Yini enye Ungafaka imvunulo yesizwe yabaJuda na? Kweminye imiphakathi (isib y Litvak) walondoloza enjalo ukulolongwa European imiqondo ikhabethe isici njengoba elingenamikhono. Kanti futhi uphinde abe abamnyama, eside futhi alinaso emaphaketheni. Ngokuthakazelisayo, izinkinobho ingubo lakhe elingenamikhono (kanye noma imuphi umJuda onenhliziyo menswear) abethela ukuze ikhava phansi esifanele kwesokunxele - ". Njengomuntu wesifazane" okungukuthi, kusukela umbono akuyona yendoda engumJuda, AmaJuda ukugqoka tailcoat, ngokuvamile phakathi iholidi.

Kuyini imvunulo yesizwe yabaJuda na? Izithombe esihlokweni abonisa ngokucacile kithi a agqamile engajwayelekile isitayela elula European zokugqoka. Ukuze eziningi kungase kubonakale kungavamile, kodwa lokhu amaJuda kanye nezici. Ziyakwazi niqinile imibono yabo futhi bethembekile komunye amasiko abo. Futhi lezi zici ngeke ukuvimbela isizwe ngasinye!