Ukuzalwa KukaKristu Monastery, edolobheni laseVladimir. Hegumen uCyril

Lapho leholele yokwakha kabusha kwaqala ukubuyela amasonto zezindela ayengaphansi, kwakudingekile ukuba unqobe neziningi zezinkinga ezihambisana ne eviction labo bakha eminyakeni zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni. Ngezinye izikhathi salokhu kudingeka ukuphikelela ngisho isibindi. Kuyinto lezi zimfanelo futhi wathatha wesigodlo Vladimir Christmas sezindela wesigodlo uCyril, ngoba kwakudingeka abhekane nesimiso inhlangano enamandla onke wama-KGB ngoba wagcinwa iminyaka eminingi ezakhiweni sezindela. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Isigodlo eyinhloko ERussia yasendulo

Omunye endala ezweni uVladimir Ukuzalwa KukaKristu Monastery ngokudalwa e 1337 ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra laliyisikhungo eyinhloko monasticism ku North-Eastern Russia. Kusukela zemihla lasendulo ukuthi yasungulwa ekuqa- le XII kanye no- XIII eminyaka, isikhulu uVladimir, indodana okweshumi kwe Yuriya Dolgorukogo yaziwa - Vsevolodom Yurevichem, ethola izingane eziningi, yathela ukukhanya (12), wethiwa Nest Big.

Kukholakala ukuthi kukaJesu Monastery e uVladimir evela usuku amabhukhimakhi kuwo Lesonto itshe of kukaJesu. Lokhu kwenzeka, njengoba kusobala imibhalo yesandla yasendulo eyaziwa ngokuthi "Lavrentievskoy indaba" ebukhoneni Grand Duke ngo-August 1191 futhi zonke izindawo zako ezizungezile.

yokuvikela Omkhulu

Lapho ngemuva esontweni futhi sezindela uvele ke Vsevolod ukubukelwa kakhulu kuye, uzikhiphe ohlwini bazalwane libe yifa elingunaphakade eziningi nasemizaneni yokulima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Prince anakekela inhlangano nokuphila sangaphakathi sezindela. Yena wahileleka ngokuqondile kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala kakhulu zokuphila ezivamile usumisiwe Isigodlo - ngokulandelana noyedwa abakhileyo babengenalo impahla siqu, futhi zonke impahla ndawonye ephethwe. Bakhandwa yanjalo wafaka abbots ababhishobhi Vladimirskie kaSimoni no Mitrofan.

Njengoba base bethole nesiqalo ekhazimulayo ekhulwini elilandelayo Ukuzalwa KukaKristu Monastery ngenkuthalo futhi ukuqinise isikhundla ngokomoya nangokwenyama. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngemva Tatar ayehlasela wabangela basemasontweni Russian ukuhambisa esihlalweni sakhe kusukela idolobha ezazihlupha Kiev uVladimir, indawo yakhe yokuhlala bakhetha eyaziwa uKhisimusi Isigodlo, wamnika isimo lombhishobhi. Ngenxa yalokho, phakathi nokubusa Ivana Groznogo sezindela kwaba ngomunye wabokuqala esimweni.

Ukungenelwa Batu Khan

Nokho, umlando Isigodlo babe Amakhasi ebabayo, inkumbulo okuwugcwalisile inhliziyo ngosizi. Ngo 1237 edolobheni laseVladimir wahlaselwa amabutho ezingenakubalwa Batu Khan. Umlilo umlilo Kushone amathempeli eziningi nemibhoshongo. Izakhamuzi idolobha aye noma enziwe izigqila.

Yehlelwa ohlangothini enkingeni nesigcawu sokuzalwa Monastery. Ngezinye ezandleni abayimizulane ukuthi ukholo uyiphathe leyo minyaka Archimandrite Pachomius futhi bonke abazalwane. Futhi izakhiwo eziningi esakhiwe eminyakeni, AmaTatar aphanga futhi wokushiswa. Lapho intuthu usule imililo, futhi imizimba izindela wesigodlo yabo ayekade wangcwatshwa, khona-ke kwadingeka ukuba kabusha uqale ncono imphilo Izigodlo.

Okukhulu kakhulu - indawo yokungcwaba Aleksandra Nevskogo

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lo mcimbi yesiteleka mlando kwaba ukungcwatshwa lapha Grand Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo, owashona ngo-1263 e Gorodets, lapho wayehlala, ebuya zidlamlilo. Isidumbu sakhe yafakwa Crypt, wahlela i-Church of the kukaJesu Sezindela. Ngenxa yalokhu emva ukudluliswa sesihlalo sobukhosi uVladimir eMoscow (1325) nesigcawu sokuzalwa kweNkosi Monastery wathola njalo kusukela ababusi Russia, owayefuna ukuhlonipha imemori kayisemkhulu elikhazimulayo, balinikelela. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukusekela ukuthuthukiswa eminye nokuchuma.

Ukuhlanganyela abbots ezindabeni zomphakathi

isimo Monastery njalo anda, futhi ngenxa yalokho e 1598, lapho umbuzo ukhetho esihlalweni sobukhosi lelitimele entsha esikhundleni ngasekupheleni Fodora Ioannovicha, wesigodlo sakhe Barlaam babiziwe eMoscow waba omunye abasayini yencwadi, okuyinto wayivula kanjani indlela eya wokubusa Boris Godunov.

Ngehlela emlandweni kanye wesigodlo elilandelayo - Archimandrite Isaya. Phakathi Isikhathi Nezinkinga, angakhonza, futhi Amanga Dmitry mina, ngokuba e 1605 umambuli yakhe, futhi uwine ekwaziseni lokuqala Romanovs - Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, ngokubeka isignesha yakhe okhethweni of Merit. Lapho Juni 1619 at kweNyuka Cathedral of the Kremlin wathatha beka emcimbini ukubeka esihlalweni sobunzalamizi Metropolitan Filaret (Romanov) - Ubaba akhethwe eminyakeni eyisithupha eyedlule, lo mbusi, Archimandrite Isaya omunye abahlanganyeli zako ezisemqoka.

Ukwehlisa isimo sezindela

Ekhulwini XVI Ukuzalwa KukaKristu sezindela waphoqeleka ukuba give up isikhundla sabo evelele phakathi kwezinye zezindela Russian, okuyinto bekatsatsa kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Ngo 1561 kwafika isimemezelo Tsar Ivan le Kubi manje phakathi zezindela main Russian kumele kubhekwe ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra. Ngakho, uVladimir sezindela baba esicongweni ephansi futhi wathatha indawo yesibili.

Lokhu isimo idle naye kwaze kwaba yilapho kuvela Petersburg Alexander saseNevsky Monastery, okuyinto, ngokusho esinqumweni uPetru mina, uye sigudluke ke kwindawo yesithathu. Nokho, waphinda wanikela izindela ithuba ukuzijayeza kwelinye kufike komkhulu izimfanelo ezinhle zobuKristu - ukuthobeka.

Phakathi nokubusa the zenzisa Empress Elizabeth uVladimir bhishobhi kwamiswa, kanye sezindela Christmas baba esihlalweni ikhanda layo - Metropolitan Platon. Ngenxa yokuhlala edolobheni, yena waqhubeka kwaze 1789, lapho uVladimir-Suzdal bhishobhi yasungulwa, nabo bonke ababusi okwalandela ibekwe yokuhlala yabo Suzdal.

Ukulahleka lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo

Ekhulwini esilandelayo, ngokunembile ngo-1869, indlu yezindela ilahlekelwe omunye zalo ezikhangayo main - yasendulo, ezakhiwe emuva esikhathini sangaphambi Mongol, Church of the kukaJesu. Iqiniso lokuthi eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwalesi sezindela wavakashelwa uMbusi u-Alexander II, futhi embuka, wabona ukuthi isonto kwaba ngokucacile abadinga sokubuyiselwa.

izinhloso ebonakala okuhle, kodwa zinokuthile, njengoba wazi, futhi ngaphakathi komgwaqo esihogweni. Ngenxa yalokho, ibandla, kanye bamelana Tatar zidlamlilo, ayibanga namandla ngokumelene nobuwula womuntu. Batholakale bengenacala olusemthethweni abashisekayo ngaphambilini uzoyibhidliza, uma eye yabangela izikhalo eziqhamuka kubantu eliphakeme, futhi endaweni engenalutho ukuze kwakhiwe esisha. Lapho i-emperor bezwa lokhu, lutho ke ezingelapheka.

Apocalypse XX leminyaka

Ngemva Okthoba Revolution Isigodlo iminyaka eminingi liye laba yindawo lapho kwaku Cheka kuqala bese, OGPU ngokulandelana, NKVD futhi ekugcineni i-KGB. Nasi isakhiwo sikhungo yeziboshwa. Phakathi nenkathi yokucindezelwa uStalin, kusukela eko ukuba zamashumi amahlanu maphakathi, ne eziqinile wezindela ekubulaweni kwenqwaba yabantu nemingcwabo izisulu ukwesaba. Ezethusayo ayehlasela Batu, owayevakashela lapha iminyaka engamakhulu ayisikhombisa edlule, akulutho uma kuqhathaniswa ukuze okwakwenzeka nokuchitheka kwegazi wangenzela abantu-winner.

Buyela evamile

Eminyakeni yokwakha kabusha uVladimir zezindela, kanye nezinye sezindela isiRashiya, baqala kabuhlungu imvuselelo. Ngo-1991 wabuyela esontweni futhi insimu kukaJesu we Isigodlo, kukhona odlulele uMnyango-KGB. I elalisanda kumiswa bazalwane lezindela, iphethwe wesigodlo UCyril (Surkov), uye wenza umsebenzi omkhulu futhi kulula ukubuyisela lokho obekulokhu eminyakeni we kombuso wobushiqela acekelwe phansi noma kabusha ukuze ilahlekelwe uhlamvu yayo mlando.

Kulesi nzima ndaba izindela basiza njengoba izinhlangano somuzi, kanye abavamile abavamile, ngokuba bolevshie umphefumulo bawona izindawo zokukhulekela. Iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi eside yaphumelela, futhi ukuphila Izigodlo wabuye weza isiqondiso sakhe, inani elikhulu Abbot Cyril - master nangokuhlakanipha we umeluleki obungokomoya balabo izindela.