Holy Trinity St uSergiyu Lavra: izithombe, izincazelo amathempeli kanye nokubuyekeza

Lesi sakhiwo zezakhiwo kuthandwa kakhulu hhayi nje phakathi kwalabo abahlala kolwesiNgisi, kodwa ngisho kubantu abavela kwamanye amazwe. Zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra ebusika - ke isithombe ethakazelisayo okwesibhakabhaka nomhlophe. Kodwa lokho yasisiza lokhu ubuhle?

indaba

Iningi Orthodox okungenani ukwazi igama Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Lokhu saint ohlonishwa kakhulu ukuthi okukhulunywa ngayo ngokuphindaphindiwe emiBhalweni umlando Russia kwekhulu XIV. Ngaphezu kwalokho, omunye izimo zawo, esobala namuhla isisekelo ngo 1334 ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra, lapho ama-pilgrim kanye izivakashi ezivela inombolo enkulu imizi nemizana, ngisho ezivela kwamanye amazwe.

Manje Kunzima ukucabanga, kodwa ekuqaleni Isigodlo waba nzima kakhulu - kwakukhona cishe akukho bazitholele okokuziphilisa. Kodwa ngezikhathi ezinzima sekudlule, Compound uSergiyu Lavra ukhule futhi sekuyinto isikhungo ngobukhulu amasiko ukukhanyiselwa okungokomoya. Kusukela izindonga zawo kwesokunxele eziningi amalungu akhuthele Russian Church. Ezikhathini ezinzima, izindonga Isigodlo bavikela izakhamuzi zakhona ezitheni.

Kancane kancane azungeze lesi sikhungo esingokomoya yaqala kwakhiwa ezincane. Ngosizo abaholi bendawo ukuthola zezindela entsha futhi amasonto emadolobheni ahlukene. Lokhu kwenzeka ngisho nalapho uSergiyu, kodwa inqubo kwaqhubeka ngemva kokufa kwakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhulu ambalwa eminyaka edlule, esafunda isimo sezindela Lavra kakade eqhosha ethi umtapo omkhulu futhi ecebile, okuyizona walondoloza kuze kube yilolu suku. Yiqiniso, ngaphakathi kwezindonga Isigodlo kwakukhona izibalo abaningi abavelele amasiko zobuciko isikhathi sakhe. Ngakho thatha lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi kuphela njengoba isikhungo esingokomoya sabantu kancane okungalungile.

Ngesikhathi sempi,

Kabanzi aziwayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nezikhathi esinesiyaluyalu emlandweni, izindela wakhonza njengephayona uhlobo izinqaba amaphuzu ukuzivikela. USergiyu Lavra kwaba okufanayo. Uvame ngaphansi lihlaselwa yezitha nabasePoland kanye naseLithuania (ekhulwini XVII), ezama ukumenza umbe ngaphansi odongeni; AmaJalimane, ngemva kwalokho kwakunesidingo ekubuyiselweni global, ngisho isiRashiya, ngubani phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet savalwa bese acekela amasonto amaningi. Amathempeli uSergiyu elanqoba zonke izigaba eyayinzima kunazo zonke emlandweni, futhi kuba - esinye isizathu ubunyoninco kunikezelwa izakhamuzi zendawo, usevikele njalo izithakazelo isikhungo ezingokomoya Russian.

isakhiwo esikhulu

Yiqiniso, into yokuqala oma phambi kwamehlo akhe lapho othile uthi: "Sergiev Posad Monastery" - a izindonga ezimhlophe futhi domes blue ne izinkanyezi. Lokhu Cathedral of kweNyuka, futhi nakuba kuyinto engenakwenzeka kekulu noma ukwakhiwa omdala Ensemble, wayehlale edonsela a lot of ukunakwa. Ukumbona ekulesi Esithombeni, kumane nje akunakwenzeka ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi lelibandla likhona - enjengoba enjalo amahle.

Lesi sakhiwo emaphakathi uZiqu-zintathu Cathedral of St uSergiyu. Kuyinto omdala osaphila isakhiwo elakhiwa ngo 1422-1425 GG. Kuyinto isikhumbuzo esibalulekile izakhiwo kanye Umdwebo izindonga zangaphakathi kuyigugu ngempela, ngoba umsebenzi owenziwa ezweni elidume Andrey Rublev. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto lapha ukuthi izindlu shrine eyinhloko yesigodlo - izinsalela of Sergiya Radonezhskogo.

Cathedral of kweNyuka bafikelwa iminyaka eyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu - e 1585-m. Yakhiwa ngomyalo wabaholi Ivana Groznogo (ngubani, ngenhlanhla wabhapathizwa sezindela sangakubo), futhi mhlawumbe yingakho isakhiwo kancane like emaphakathi amasonto eMoscow Kremlin. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sakhiwo zenkolo yabonakala Insimu Ensemble ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuba ngokuphelele kufanelekile ku ezungezile, eba de empeleni waba uphawu eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngisho bathonywa ukuthandwa zintathu Cathedral ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra.

Royal izigodlo sangomhla emuva XVII leminyaka. Ekuqaleni lezi zakhiwo okuhloswe ukuthola ngokuvakashela izikhulu, kodwa emva kwesikhashana, isakhiwo saqala ingasetshenziswa njengendlela umzimba ukuqeqeshwa Theological Academy.

Olunye uhlobo ngokushesha ayimkhangi iyona isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi ubudala, eyakhiwa ngekhulu XVIII ngokuvumelana izimiso izakhiwo zakudala. It kukhawula isikwele lombhishobhi enyakatho, futhi ukuphakama kwalo 88 metres, futhi ingaphezulu izakhiwo efanayo esikhathini Novodevichy Sezindela kanye Kremlin.

Zonke kuyo yonke indawo ye Ensemble angaphezu kwama-50 izakhiwo ezahlukene kanye ngendlela ezithakazelisayo ngezinhloso ezehlukene: isonto Mikheyevsky, Smolensk, lapho kukhona iconostasis ethempelini ubhujiswe, elise eMoscow Pyatnitskaya Street, njll Ngekhulu XIX ukwakhiwa asebenzayo ensimini ka .. Kwema okuthile, futhi kancane kancane Laurus wafika engqondweni, lapho sibona namuhla.

isimo yamanje

manje Zonke uSergiyu Lavra (lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi kwamabhilidi) is njengenkondlo ebonisa lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye kusukela ngo-1993 ingxenye ohlwini UNESCO kule nombolo 657. Kulokhu, endaweni ye Ensemble kuyinto zezindela more ekhuthele, nokuthuthukiswa usaqhubeka. Mhlawumbe isikhathi lapho sezindela okwaduma kade laphela, kodwa ukubiza samanje ezindabeni futhi akunakwenzeka kwelanga. ukuphila ngokomoya kuyaqhubeka, Manje nansi izikhungo eziningi ezibalulekile ahambisana ROC. Ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow Theological Academy kanye Icon Umdwebo esikoleni.

zokungcebeleka

Ngaphezu izakhiwo kukhona into budonsa izivakashi. Lona amandla Sergiya Radonezhskogo, sise zintathu Cathedral. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu kuyinto imithombo ongcwele kakhulu, zonke lapho, kubonakala, ayizange yomile kuze kube phakade. Phakathi kwazo kunezinye kuphuzwa khona lokuqoqa amanzi ukuba amthathe nabo, abanye okhiye Lingase bacwilisa.

Namanje kukhona ezinye izindawo zokukhulekela efana Tikhvin futhi Chernigov Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu, izinsalela ezingcwele Maksima Greka futhi Antoniya Radonezhskogo, isithonjana eyaziwayo St Nicholas. By the way, edumile "uZiqu-zintathu" Rublev yabhalwa ngqo lamathempeli we Isigodlo, nakuba manje usengummemezeli ku Tretyakov Igalari.

izinsimbi zasendaweni futhi eyingqayizivele ngendlela yabo, abanye kuzo babeze amagama abo siqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu ka wezindela kukhona amathuna Boris Godunov nomkhaya wakhe. Eqinisweni, i-pilgrim ngalinye kanye izivakashi ungathola intandokazi yakho lapha, futhi emakhoneni sakhe ajabulisayo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isivakashi singeke sibe ukusiza uzizwa ubuqotho lonke Ensemble - mhlawumbe lokhu eliyenza Lavra esiyingqayizivele.

yokukhulekela

USergiyu Lavra - ngokuyinhloko iqoqo amasonto ezikhona Orthodox. Ngakho-ke, nakanjani ukuthi insimu zabo sasesiqhutshelwa amasevisi kanye neminye imisebenzi.

Ngezinye zintathu izinkonzo Cathedral yentiwe emalanga onkhe: at 5:30 Midnight uqala at 6:30 - izimfundiso isilinganiso. On amaSonto kanye namaholide omphakathi kudala njengoba 5 am ungakwazi ukuya isevisi umthandazo, kusukela 8:30 am, basuke okuphindiwe njalo ngemva kwamahora amabili. Yiqiniso, okuningi izenzakalo aphethwe nezinye amathempeli, ukuze cishe njalo kusayithi lungatholakala isevisi.

amaholide Okukhulu

Ngo ikhalenda Orthodox, zikhona izinsuku eziningi ezibalulekile. Mhlawumbe lowo nalowo lokholwako abakhona amaholide abawuthandayo kubaluleke ngokukhethekile kuye. Kepha Laura, ngoba bonke abakhileyo kulo, futhi, abe suku is ngabo omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu onyakeni. Lokhu Septhemba 25 / Okthoba 8 - Phumula St. uSergiyu ka Radonezh. Njalo ngonyaka ngalesi sikhathi kukhona yokukhulekela onesizotha ikakhulukazi, okuyinto eza uMbhishobhi Omkhulu nezinye abefundisi esiphakeme.

Enye umkhosi ewela Julayi 5/18 - Ukuthola of izinsalela Sergiya Radonezhskogo, omunye amathempelana eyinhloko yesigodlo. Ngalolu suku futhi ebekiwe ezihlukahlukene izenzakalo iholide, ukuze kulezi zinsuku kuba ikakhulukazi eziningi izivakashi.

Indawo futhi umzila

ukusondela Isihlobo enhlokodolobha Russian - esinye isici kunqunywa isimo samanje, lapho uSergiyu Lavra. Ungathola lapha ngezindlela eziningana, ngamunye ephethe pluses yayo kanye minuses.

Inketho yokuqala - emotweni. Sergiev Posad itholakala isiqondiso Yaroslavl onguthelawayeka, abangaba ngu-70 ukusuka enhlokodolobha, ukuze indlela kuzothatha amahora mayelana nengxenye. Buhle le ndlela iyona ukuhamba - Awukude sezindela namanje kwezinye izindawo ezithakazelisayo lapho isimo sikuvumela ukuthola lapho ezokuthutha yakho.

Eyesibili inketho - ibhasi. Njalo kusukela Metro Enea futhi Shchelkovskaya imizila suka bebheke Sergiev Posad. Phuma ukuya edolobheni futhi uthole indlela yabo ngeke khona kunzima.

Esesithathu inketho - isitimela. Nge esiteshini Yaroslavl ukufinyelela sezindela futhi kulula kakhulu, izitimela lwabagibeli kulesi siqondiso suka cishe zonke ingxenye yehora.

Ikheli olusemthethweni: 141300, esifundeni eMoscow, Sergiev Posad, Holy Trinity St uSergiyu Lavra ..

Kuhle isikhathi ukuvakashela

USergiyu zintathu Lavra luluhle nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku kanye ngonyaka. It ngempela kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi enhle zezakhiwo, okuyinto kuwufanele bebona okungenani kanye ngawawo. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuba ubuke nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuze ujoyine amagugu angokomoya, kungcono ukuba ukhethe ezinye ngamaholide enkolo. Zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra ebusika nehlobo livulekele izivakashi nsuku zonke kusuka 5 am ukuze 9 pm, futhi phakathi nezinsuku ezikhethekile, uthatha pilgrims izivakashi ubusuku nemini.

Kodwa Ensemble ezinhle ikakhulukazi ubukeka ebusika. Snowy Laura ubukeka ngiyaphupha, sengathi owehla evela emazulwini. Ngokusho Izibuyekezo zezivakashi, ebusika - ngokuvamile isikhathi esingcono emuvakashela amabandla lasendulo Russian: ngalesi sikhathi kukhona umoya ezikhethekile. Mhlawumbe kwakungenxa yokunithanda wakhe uSergiyu zintathu Lavra kuthatha izivakashi efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Lona ithemba lokuthula kweqiniso kwengqondo phakathi okumatasa ezinomsindo zamabutho ukuba zihlale phansi ebhentshini nje ubukele izivakashi kanye abedlula ngendlela, baziqhubekela nemisebenzi yabo. Futhi lesi sifundo, futhi, ngandlela-thile kunomvuzo ukuza lapha.

ingqalasizinda

Ukuthandwa phakathi izivakashi ayikwazanga kungaqashelwa, ukuze kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, kuye kwaba nezinguquko ezithile ukuthi kuzovumela abasebenzisi bazizwa bekhululeke kakhudlwana. Abantu bathi manje endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi kulo lonke amabhentshi ibekwa Refectory ungakwazi adle, babe izitolo sesonto, izitolo isipho. ama-pilgrim Abezwayo Ungahlala ukuthenga iduku, kwesiphambano , noma enye into. Yiqiniso, kukhona indawo lapho ungakwazi ukupaka imoto yakho. Nokho kwesinye isikhathi ukudansela isiginci sakhe ukulahla induduzo ngokweqile futhi ride esitimeleni, ngibhekile careening ngaphandle ubuhle Russian.

endaweni

Ngemuva kokuvakashela ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra, abaningi benza Radonezh, okuyinto entwasahlobo edumile kakhulu ongcwele, lapho ungakwazi ukubhukuda. Futhi eseduze kunesinye - Ukhiye Gremyachiy. Futhi ngenkathi iningi liya Laura ngenjongo, kungenzeka kunengqondo ukuba ahambele wonke amathempeli zitholakala eseduze, futhi bayithatha njengoba isakhiwo olulodwa, ngoba, eqinisweni, indlela okuyiyo. Babuka nedlelo, ungakwazi ukufinyelela cishe yesifundazwe, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu-dolobha, kodwa akukho Yaroslavl ngaphansi amahle. izibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zabantu izakhiwo Russian kungabonakala nakulokho ku Suzdal futhi Novgorod. ERussia, ngempela kukhona ukubona, into esemqoka - ukuqala.