Imicimbi Emlandweni: Boston Tea Party

I eminye kude izenzakalo zomlando besikhathi sethu, ezinhle yilapho embozwe ukuhlukanisa romantic. Ngo-1917, iqembu elincane kukuncane okungenziwa amatilosi akulezo Petrograd propagandized wenza ukuboshwa lesisemtsetfweni uhulumeni wesikhashana, futhi ngemva nje ezimbalwa ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka kwenziwa lesi siqephu kwenziwa ngezindlela cinema nganekwane ngezihluthu ne amasosha ezempi kanye "squads ukufa", futhi zensimbi amasango umqondisi abanamakhono nje hung massovschikami akucaci ukuthi kungani umgibeli ngaphambili esigqokweni evulekile. Izenzakalo kulwiwa kakade adunyiswa badlulela ngalé kwemingcele. izakhamuzi zethu nabo baqonde ubuchwepheshe zokukhwabanisa ukwazi ngokusebenzisa ubuciko, abezindaba kanye izincwadi zomlando, kanye AmaMelika? Amaqiniso naivety yabo. Ngokwesibonelo, lo odumile "Boston Tea Party" e 1773, iningi labo kubhekwe ekuqaleni umzabalazo ukuzimela.

Yini esiyaziyo mayelana "Boston Tea Party"?

kakhulu Igama lesi sehlakalo ungumuntu owazi umlando USA akukuhle kakhulu, inhlangano ephethe umhlangano othile soyise wokusungula, ajwayelekile kusukela ekumeni phezu dollar izikweletu ehlezi etafuleni wakhonza izinkomishi ezandleni zabo. Iqiniso ukuthi "Boston Tea Party" zenzeka e-Boston, ensimini ngaphansi kwegama Massachusetts, kamuva yaba abasebenzi, bese ingxenye, ikoloni laseBrithani, kuyacaca isihloko. Futhi itiye kule elingokomlando futhi unobuhlobo. Kodwa akazange angaphuza, waminza. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Igama lomcimbi uphinyiswa Kuyahlekisa. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani labhujiswa inani elikhulu izimpahla ezibizayo, kumele bazi isimo ngamazwe ukuthi ekulandulayo. Ngayiphi mnyaka Boston Tea Party okwenzeka? Njengoba kwakunjalo ngo-nempahla phesheya eBrithani? Ubani uzibophezele ukucasula, futhi kungani?

UMbuso WaseBrithani nezinto ezibonakalayo yayo kwezilwandle

Engxenyeni kwekhulu XVIII yesibili, cishe nayo yonke insimu banamuhla United States kwaba koloni Enkulu YaseBrithani. ulimi Evamile, imikhuba yenkolo ephezulu Ukwakheka yobuhlanga kwabokufika wanikeza ngokuvumelana ezithile kwakuwukuthi zokuphatha. Isejwayezi aphuza itiye, noma ngingephansi umkhiqizo ngekucindzetelwa lokuqala, futhi, kwaba umkhuba English kakhulu. Iqiniso ukuthi umzabalazo ekubusweni lizwe unina, akekho owacabanga ngisho.

Nokho, abanye namanje, futhi lokhu kwakubaluleke i nature kwezomnotho.

Bomnotho nezindlela zalo

Impi Iminyaka eyisikhombisa ', okwaholela Britain, kuhle abhuqe umcebo wasebukhosini. Ukuze uthuthukise izinto, iPhalamende lanquma ukuqinisa umthwalo wentela ezintweni kwezilwandle. Konke kwaqala eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili phambi Boston Tea Party kwenzeka ngo 1773. Ukulawula ngenzuzo kwezimali iye sebehlushwa ngenxa ukususwa enkulu ezindawo aseMelika, ukunqoba Atlantic ngenkathi Bajabula lapho kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezintathu. I nzima isimo somnotho sahlanganisa lesisimo esibucayi, asemngceleni ucabanga ephelele umbuso kahulumeni eyinhloko, wahlanganyela namanye amazwe - "-East India Company". Londoloza wakhe ekonakalisweni kwaba into eza kuqala kazwelonke, futhi lo hulumeni UK ukunikeza uncamela, ikakhulu imali ahlobene nezintela, kunalokho, kuyinto ukukhulula kubo.

Tea ukuhweba kuyi-Nguqulo Yezwe

Tea e amakoloni British eNyakatho Melika kwenziwa ngemigudu ehlukahlukene - kokubili esisemthethweni nokushushumbiswa. Kule minyaka edlule uye wazakhela ezithile yakhoibrium emakethe, lapho umthengi angakhetha phakathi kwezimpahla zomthetho umphakeli (ngokuvamile ezibizayo) futhi ezishibhile, kodwa labo bayiletha, ngokudlula amasiko. Ngenxa yalokho yezingozi ukuhweba kokungenela we-East India Company, sonke isimo kwashintsha ngokuphelele. Izakhamuzi akakuthandanga lokho.

Kusukela umbono ka umthengi jikelele, lutho embi eyenzeke. Uma uyisakhamuzi sase-Boston ayinakho maqondana ngqo lokudayisa izimpahla wamakoloni, okuyinto empeleni, umehluko kulokho esitolo ukuthenga itiye? Kodwa lokhu kungatholakala kuphela efika kuqala. Wajeziswa ukuncintisana abahlinzeki, East India Company wathola kokuvinjwa ayitholwa ukuhweba umbuso, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ithuba lokwenza zonke abathengi ukuthenga umkhiqizo ngentengo okuyinto ibheka lesifanele. Thina ngeke ngokushesha ukuqonda yonke into, kodwa kwakukhona umuntu owayekwazi ukuze akwazi ukufeza umsebenzi ochazayo phakathi kwabantu. Igama lakhe nguSamuweli Adams.

"SamaDodana Liberty" futhi umholi wabo

Umqondo ngokuzijamela North American uthi abangazange okwamanje kahle ezingqondweni uquqaba, kodwa iye yazulazula ezingqondweni zabathile. Amalungu separatist bazibize "samaDodana Freedom," babethi ukubukwa olukhulu wokuzimela. Ekugcineni, ngiwo wahlela "Boston Tea Party". Unyaka 1773rd kwaba usuku sokuthatha isinyathelo esiwujuqu kunanini ngoba 'amaDodana Liberty "futhi umholi wabo, uSamuweli Adams. Izindlela yenhlangano ukusebenzisa kakhulu futhi iyona wamavukelambuso. Ngesikhathi sodlame yazo zonke ephikisayo is zaphazamisa nempahla yawo lalingabulawa kalula kulimaze noma zize zichithe umshado. Lokhu kwakuyiqiniso izindlu nezitolo.

Vele esigabeni sokuqala-East India Company ihlele afeze ukulethwa lifike ezintathu. Eyokuqala babo bafike endaweni "Dartmouth" e-Boston Harbor ku 27 Novemba. kamuva lapha Kancane kwafika ezimbili "Beaver" futhi umkhumbi "Eleanor."

I ulindele babe amabhele 342 ezinkulu (45 amathani), nge inani 10 000 GBP. ngesikhathi inani akuyona omkhulu, kanye nemfundo yezinkanyezi.

ukuthuthukiswa kokungqubuzana

imizamo Advocacy of Adams nangokuthi "amadodana" akhe awanikwe imiphumela, kwakungekho muntu wehlise imikhumbi, base kokungenzi lutho echwebeni, futhi iqembu walalela ukukhala ababhikishi ababebuthene imibhikisho eziminyene. Ngemva kwesonto, induna "Dartmouth" Roche unikezele ukhetho ukuze bambonise ukusilela: itiye uhlala ezinkantolo, babuyela lapho efika e-UK. Kodwa lapho, kwase kulula.

Ufanelwe amazwi Special nasezenzweni zalabo bantu, okuyinto kufanele abe yindawo aseBrithani. It umbusi Hadchinson ngaphambilini ukuvimba esikhumulweni semikhumbi futhi kugwenywe ukuphuma kuso, "Dartmouth", "Beaver" futhi "Eleanor." Ngokuhamba izenzakalo kubavukeli ususukile futhi ingxenye enkulu amaphoyisa endawo.

Yayinjani "Boston Tea Party"

Ebusuku ngo-December 16, eziningana izakhamizi kweshumi Boston (inani eliqondile kunzima ukusetha efanayo inombolo lezi zingodo nge Lenin ku umsebenzi ngosuku lokuqala) kwangena ngokunyenya "Dartmouth", bese-ke "Eleanor" futhi "Beaver". Ngaphambi kokuhlasela ngasizathu simbe bona ziye zaveza ngokwabo zokuhlalisa amaNdiya. Kungani lokhu kwenzeke ngalo alwaziwa, kodwa-ke, kusobala ukuthi mkhulu ngenxa mohawk ukuzenza inhloso yawo yayingaphelele, kwakungeke kwenzeke. Mhlawumbe wanikeza azenza uhlamvu ukwabelana fun adventure adventure. Ngenxa yalokho, bonke balethwa itiye kwaba e-Boston Bay. Lo mkhiqizo kwaba ngendlela engenathemba elonakele, inkampani East India balahlekelwa omkhulu. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-"Boston Tea Party".

imiphumela itiye

Nomthofu ngalesosikhathi embula kancane. Okokuqala bafika New York kubange unentshiseko ngoba bonke abakhileyo amakoloni British North American. ELondon, safunda ukuthi senzakalo samane emva kwezinyanga ezintathu. "Boston Tea Party" uhulumeni waseBrithani iye wafaneleka njengommemezeli ukuvukela ukuthi, ngokuvamile, ngokuvumelana iqiniso. Isinqumo balandela ekuseni futhi kanzima. Kwakumelwe ukuze uvimbele Boston, ukuphoqelela i ukuvimbela ku ukuhweba nge Massachusetts, susa ekuphathweni zendawo ukusungula umthetho karate. Jikelele Thomas Gage waqokwa lo mbusi omusha. Solutions, ngokuvamile, kuyiqiniso, kodwa eyisebenzisa Kwakungelula.

Isifundo esibalulekile

Ngu isinqumo we-Massachusetts wesifundazwe Congress kwaqala ukumelana ahlomile. Isiqubulo esithi "Inkululeko Noma Ukufa" esakhishwa Patrick Henry e Virginia, wathola i-echo ezinhliziyweni Bostonians futhi kamuva zonke labo manje bazibheke baseMelika. Gage awazange asize kufika ngisho azowalekelela besuka eNgilandi, elaliholwa Uilyam Hou. A full-scale impi sokuzibusa waqala entwasahlobo ka 1775.

Yiqiniso, ukuhlukana lizwe unina amakoloni North American kwakungeyona ngenxa yokuminza kwabantu ekujuleni party itiye kolwandle, ngisho noma likhulu. Kodwa, ingabe kwenzekeni kuphela ngenxa yezizathu zezomnotho Okuxakayo "Boston Tea Party", kwabonisa ukungakwazi British ukugcina ezindaweni ezikude, okubonisa intando ukuzimela.