Imfundiso kaZiqu-Jikelele Lwamakheli: imithombo

Cishe noma yimuphi umuntu ofundile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi noma imizamo yakhe, wezwa umsindo kancane ongaqondakali elithi "noosphere" nganoma iyiphi mkhakha womsebenzi nomphakathi. Kuthathwa ngokuthi eseyintsha ekhethekile kwekhulu XX, ezifana-mbono yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ngekhulu odlule. Ake siphinde sizame ukuqonda lokhu poluzagadochnoy umqondo walokho libonakala isifundiso uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli kanye noosphere, ngakho lihlotshaniswa igama ifa yezesayensi nasezinzuzweni yefilosofi Vernadsky.

Okokuqala, thina siyazi ukuthi unyaka lokuzalwa yayo futhi umlobi wayo ngqo.

Emuva ngo-1875, igama elithi "uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli" yethulwa wesayensi revolution sokuma Austrian Eduard Zyuss. Kodwa akazange ukuchaza umqondo, ayizange esiqokiwe umnqopho kwalo ngokwesayensi, ngakho-isikhathi eside ngokwanele igama elithi "uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli" lalisetshenziswa lisho izinto ezihlukahlukene.

Ngokokuqala ngqá kulesi sigaba iye yasetshenziswa njengomuthi isayensi ezindongeni College de France - isikhungo Paris odumile zemfundo, ezazidume ngokutshala ezingeni highbrow yokufundisa, izinkulumo ngo-1927. umbhali wencwadi eside kwakuyisazi sefilosofi nesezibalo Eduard Lerua. Ngokuthakazelisayo, co-umbhali umqondo noosphere ubelokhu eqashelwa futhi abakanye Le Roy - Per Teyyar de Chardin. Kodwa lezi ososayensi ababili ngqo ukuthumela nobezilaleli zabo futhi abafundi kuya uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli usosayensi Russian Vladimir Vernadsky owanikeza ezinkulumo zakhe eSorbonne.

UVladimir Ivanovich, zavela isifundiso uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli; baqhubeka ukucabanga kwakhe ngesisekelo indlela biogeochemical kuso. Kusukela 30s kwekhulu lamashumi amabili umqondo noosphere unciphe wonke amandla nombono oqhakaze usosayensi.

Kodwa emuva isikhathi umsuka, kuya Le Roy kanye Teilhard de Chardin. Kuyini imibono yabo? Ukuvela lawo izinhlobo zabantu ezahlukaniselwa ochungechungeni ifomu inyuka kusho bacabanga ukuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuphuma ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela, kuphela izindawo engqondo. Ososayensi bathi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo iye wadala esinjengomuntu izindlela ezintsha ebezingekho ukuthuthukiswa yabo - ikhono ngokomoya futhi ngemilingo okhethekile, wokuqala ngokwemvelo zazingekho nhlobo. Chardin ngokwakhe izakhiwo kuchazwa futhi ehlukile zalesi simo - obuntu: khona intelligence lembhali, ukuziqaphela kanye nekhono, ukuze ukwazi yena, kuphela ngobuhlakani ukudlala zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Emsebenzini kamuva, "Le ndawo yomuntu ngokwemvelo," ecabanga umbuzo imvelaphi yokuphila futhi empeleni yayo, ngokubeka abantu ububanzi jikelele inqubo cosmic yinkimbinkimbi ndaba.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, uVladimir abasha, kanti namanje umfundi wasenyuvesi, wabhala encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zosuku umqondo omuhle, okuholela isifundiso uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli ukuze isimo zefilosofi. Ikakhulukazi, wagomela ngokuthi umlando uMhlaba ngo ukuhlolisisa kwamaplanethi singatlolwa bunjesi umlando izinguquko ndaba. Kulokhu, zonke lezi zinguquko azisenzeki angesabi nemiyalezo, kodwa okusekelwe iphethini ngempela ecacile ezingeni jikelele.

Kulesi sitatimende, nombhali isifundiso uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli kuholela esiphethweni sokuthi lapho udaba lubonakala "ufile", ke ngempela akafile, kodwa kuphela "dozhiznenna" ukuphila kuwo kukhona potentiality. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa Vernadsky ngokuthi hominization, uhlobo kwamaplanethi kwemvelo Jump on ezingeni cosmic, njengoba yokuthola (vitalization) ndaba. Ngamafuphi, lo mbono uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli, ucabangela ukubukeka ngumuntu, futhi ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, okuyiqiniso ezengeziwe, ukuthunyelwa qualitatively entsha uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli ngokwayo, kulandele yakhe futhi yonke inqubo cosmic. Ephathelene ngale ndlela nge ukulandelana yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yokuphila, indoda Nokho, wonke yasekuqaleni. Ngesisekelo lesi mqondo, abadali kanye abalandeli izimfundiso noosphere bathambekele ukholelwa ukuthi umuntu akuyona zinhlobo omele eyodwa, hhayi "umqhele" bemvelo, kodwa kuphela omele i-oda entsha ngokoqobo, okuyinto maqondana uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli; uba i "sphere" ezimele entsha.

Gomizatsiya indlela lapho amasevisi amasha kanye namatemu, kancane kancane eliphuma ngaphezu uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli; isilwane.

Kutholwe isikhathi sakhe sphere womuntu, libhekene izakhiwo reflection, ikhono lomuntu lokuzikhethela mahhala futhi abazi futhi lokusungula. Lena yindawo okucabanga - the noosphere. Okungukuthi, ukuhamba umcabango Vernadsky, sibona isifiso sokuzithoba emfundisweni uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli njengoba nesifundo kwesikhashana inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izenzakalo umyalelo ephakeme - imfundiso yokuziphendukela noosphere.